How to prevent deformities in oyster mushroom cultivation in winter?

After the primordia of thick-stemmed mushrooms appear, the differentiation and development speed of the cap is abnormal, manifesting as a small cap, a long stem, and a thick, hard stem, with relatively low commercial value. The main cause is the use of closed insulation and cold protection measures, which leads to insufficient oxygen supply and loss of balance in nutrient transport within the mushroom body. Preventive measures: during continuous low-temperature weather, when the mushroom greenhouse adopts closed insulation and cold protection, attention should be paid to short periods of ventilation at noon, but avoid strong winds blowing directly on the substrate surface, to prevent young mushrooms from dying.

When the blue mushroom body grows, a blue halo appears on the edge of the cap, and in severe cases even the entire mushroom body looks as if blue ink has been splashed on it, and the color does not fade until the mushroom body is harvested. Cause: using firewood, coal fire, and other methods to raise the temperature increases toxic carbon monoxide gas in the mushroom greenhouse, causing poisoning of the mushroom body and stimulating a discoloration reaction in the mushroom body. Preventive measures: for heating the mushroom greenhouse in winter, sunlight, heating, and electric heat are preferable. If firewood or coal fire is used for heating, a closed heat-transfer and smoke-exhaust pipe must be installed to exhaust smoke.

During the development of the tumor-capped mushroom body, growth is relatively slow, and tumor-like or granular protrusions appear on the surface of the cap. In severe cases, the cap becomes rigid and shrinks, the mushroom texture hardens, and growth stops. Cause: the temperature during mushroom body development is too low, and the low temperature lasts too long, causing an imbalance in cell elongation between the inner and outer layers of the cap. Preventive measures: it is necessary to clarify the minimum temperature that the mushroom body of the cultivated variety can tolerate for normal development. For winter cultivation, medium-low temperature varieties should be selected, and insulation and heating measures should be strengthened to control the fruiting temperature of the mushroom greenhouse (room) well. Usually, for medium-temperature varieties, the mushroom greenhouse temperature should be controlled above 8°C, and for low-temperature varieties, it should be controlled above 0°C.