How to reasonably choose a scientific formula for oyster mushroom cultivation?

Oyster mushrooms have low requirements for raw materials, and many industrial and agricultural by-products can be used as raw materials. However, whether the carbon-to-nitrogen ratio in the growing medium is scientific and whether the amounts of other supplementary materials added are reasonable are issues that cannot be ignored in oyster mushroom production. At present, bag-cultivated oyster mushrooms mainly use cottonseed hulls as the raw material, so the quality of the cottonseed hulls directly affects the level of oyster mushroom yield and even whether cultivation can succeed. Fresh, high-quality cottonseed hulls should be selected; if moldy and deteriorated cottonseed hulls are used, it will cause contamination by weed molds and may even lead to cultivation failure. Pesticides or other chemical agents also must not be added to the growing medium, otherwise they will not only inhibit mycelial growth, but their toxic residues will also affect human health.

Before cultivation, cottonseed hulls should be exposed to sunlight for 2-3 days to kill the weed molds in them. For sites where oyster mushrooms have been cultivated, disinfection work should be done well. Add antimicrobial agents to the cottonseed hulls; for 1000 kg of cottonseed hulls, 1 kg of 50% carbendazim and 10 kg of quicklime should be added, and the pH value of the growing medium should be adjusted to 7.5-8, which can prevent infection by weed molds.

Bag cultivation differs from open-bed cultivation. Plastic bags have good heat preservation performance, so when mixing the substrate, the material-to-water ratio must be strictly controlled. Generally, in spring the temperature is low and air humidity is low, so a material-to-water ratio of 1:1.8 is suitable; in autumn the temperature is high and air humidity is high, so a material-to-water ratio of 1:1.2 to 1:1.3 is suitable. Cottonseed hulls with long cotton lint can have a little more water added, while those with short lint should have less added. When mixing the substrate, add water evenly and stir thoroughly. After mixing, the substrate pile should be left to sit for a few hours so that the cottonseed hulls fully absorb water. Before bagging, test whether the moisture content of the growing medium is appropriate. Generally, squeeze the growing medium tightly in the hand; it is suitable when water appears between the fingers but does not drip down. When bagging, mix the substrate while filling the bags to avoid uneven dryness and moisture, which would affect mycelial growth.