Detailed Explanation of the Construction Technology for Oyster Mushroom Production Sheds in Western Liaoning

I. Advantages of Cultivating Oyster Mushrooms in Plastic Sheds

1. Good insulation in winter and fast heating. This kind of shed uses soil or brick as the back wall, is covered with anti-drip film as the roof, and covered with straw curtains on top. In the severe winter of December and the following January, the shed can maintain 8°C to 24°C or above, not lower than the lower limit temperature for oyster mushroom fruiting body growth, allowing fresh mushrooms to be marketed as usual during New Year's Day and Spring Festival. In Damiao Town, it has been shown to be usable year-round, ensuring year-round mushroom production without affecting production.

2. Ventilation and light transmission are easy to adjust. The back wall of the shed has several ventilation holes, usually tightly plugged with grass or other waste materials. When ventilating, pull them out to exchange air. The shed roof is covered with straw curtains, and by adjusting the straw curtains appropriately, the effect of regulating light intensity can be achieved.

3. Low cost. Building one plastic shed 7.5 m wide and 50 m long (excluding the watchman's hut) requires a total investment of about 7,500 yuan.

II. Construction of the Plastic Shed

1. Site selection. Choose a plot with high, dry, flat terrain, sheltered from the wind and facing the sun, close to a water source, and with no pollution sources around it to build the shed.

2. Specification design. The plastic shed is 7.5 m wide and 50-80 m long. The base of the back wall is 1.3 m wide, the top of the back wall is 0.80 m wide, and the back wall is 2.2 m high (based on an earth wall standard). The raised-head shed is 1.6 m long, and the raised-head shed forms a 30-degree angle with the back wall horizontally. The ridge top is 2.7 m from the ground, and the passage is 0.80 m.

3. Construction procedure. After determining the location of 7.5 m x 50 m, loosen the soil in the place planned for the shed (or bring in soil from elsewhere) and water it. After the water seeps in, spread a layer of short rice straw, mix the chopped straw with soil, and use this straw mud to build the wall. The gable walls at both ends are semicircular, and a door is left in one gable wall. After the wall dries, use wood, etc. to build the raised-head shed. Use 4 steel angle wires as east-west crossbeams, then use bamboo poles as north-south supports, laid on top of the steel angle wires, with the front shed angle at 65 degrees. Two pieces of 4 m wide anti-drip film are glued into an 8 m wide shed film, compacted with soil and covered on top of the bamboo poles, and straw curtains are placed on top of the film.

4. Ground bed preparation. Make ridges and platforms, with a bottom width of 0.5 m, a platform height of 15 cm, a top width of 0.4 m, and a spacing of 0.80 m between the two platforms.

5. Build a cold-proof ditch. At 30 cm from the bottom front corner of the shed, dig a cold-proof ditch 30 cm deep and 30 cm wide. In winter, fill the ditch with weeds and straw to provide cold protection.