Detailed Explanation of Key Techniques for Outdoor Bag Cultivation of Shiitake Mushrooms

Traditional shiitake mushroom cultivation uses log cultivation, a method that requires wood. Below is an introduction to a bag cultivation technique for producing shiitake mushrooms, which is especially suitable for use in mountainous areas. The specific method is as follows:

1. Prepare the substrate well and disinfect the plastic bags. Based on 50 kg of substrate, the formula is: 39 kg wood sawdust, 10 kg wheat bran, 0.5 kg sucrose, 0.5 kg gypsum powder; mix them evenly. The substrate moisture content is 65%. A pH of 6-6.5 is more suitable. Select plastic bags 15 cm wide and 50-55 cm long, tie one end tightly with string, put the substrate into the plastic bag, tie the other end tightly with string in the same way, then move them into a normal-pressure steaming stove for disinfection. After the temperature rises to 100°C, maintain a constant temperature for 12 hours, then take the bagged material out and move it to a sterile room for inoculation.

2. Inoculation and cultivation. Before inoculation, first wipe the culture bags with 70% alcohol, then punch 4-6 holes in each bag, use an inoculation needle to insert the spawn into the holes, and stick on cloth prepared in advance. Each bag of spawn can inoculate 80-120 holes. After inoculation, culture the bags at 22-25°C to grow the mycelium. Do not move them within 5 days in the culture room to reduce contamination. Place the culture bags on shelves for cultivation or stack them in a well-shaped arrangement, starting from the ground, stacking 8-12 layers, with 4 bags per layer, and turn and restack them every 5-6 days. After about 20-25 days, when the mycelium between two holes is 2 cm apart, tear open the adhesive tape on one of the holes to let it breathe and promote mycelial growth. Starting from inoculation, after 50-60 days of cultivation, once the mycelium is seen to have filled the bag, cultivate for another 10-15 days. When many scattered primordia appear at the junctions between the inoculation holes in the plastic bags, the fungus bags can be moved outdoors for bag removal and arrangement in the field.