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What are the preservation techniques for shiitake mushrooms? Introduction to commonly used methods

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Shiitake mushrooms have a relatively high respiration rate, and in environments with high temperatures and dryness they lose water very easily, causing the fruiting bodies to shrivel; if the ambient humidity is high, they are prone to rot. The preservation and handling methods for fresh shiitake mushrooms are introduced as follows: 1. Low-temperature preservation. When the fruiting bodies are 60% mature, stop watering for 1 day, and harvest on the next morning or before noon. When harvesting, pinch the very bottom of the base of the fruiting body and twist gently to remove it; avoid pulling the stipe so that it breaks or the cap separates from the stipe, or so that substrate is pulled off with it. After harvesting, spread the fresh mushrooms in a single layer in the workroom, light a stove

Shiitake mushrooms have a relatively high respiration rate, and in environments with high temperatures and dryness they lose water very easily, causing the fruiting bodies to shrivel; if the ambient humidity is high, they are prone to rot. The preservation and handling methods for fresh shiitake mushrooms are introduced as follows:

1. Low-temperature preservation. When the fruiting bodies are 60% mature, stop watering for 1 day, and harvest on the next morning or before noon. When harvesting, pinch the very bottom of the base of the fruiting body and twist gently to remove it; avoid pulling the stipe so that it breaks or the cap separates from the stipe, or so that substrate is pulled off with it. After harvesting, spread the fresh mushrooms in a single layer in the workroom and light a stove to raise the temperature so as to drive off moisture from the surface of the fruiting bodies; about 15% water loss from the fruiting bodies is sufficient, at which point the moisture content of the fresh mushrooms is about 75%; if stem trimming is needed, it should be done at this time. Then transport the shiitake mushrooms to a packing workshop at 2-3°C for pre-cooling; when the internal temperature of the fruiting bodies drops to 2-3°C, move the fruiting bodies into the packing workshop for grading and packaging. This preservation method can generally store shiitake mushrooms for about 15 days. If after Spring Festival there is high temperature above 10°C, the shiitake mushrooms can be placed outside the shed to dry in the sun during the day and not brought in at night, for about 3 consecutive days, which can also achieve the purpose of preservation through water loss.

2. Nitrogen-filled preservation. Trim the stems of the harvested fresh mushrooms according to market requirements, or just remove the base, so as to prevent substrate or other debris from contaminating the fruiting bodies. Then put the fresh mushrooms into nylon plastic bags (vacuum bags), fill with 80% nitrogen, seal and package, and then move them into a 2-3°C cold store for pre-cooling.

3. Irradiation preservation: After sorting the fresh mushrooms, pack them into paper packaging boxes, use cobalt-60 for radiation treatment at a dose of 1000 gray (unit of radiation dose), and then move them into a 2-3°C cold store for pre-cooling.

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