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How to treat cotton cancer? Timely prevention and control is key

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Fusarium wilt and Verticillium wilt are called "cotton cancer" by cotton farmers. At present, continuous high temperature and rain for many days make the cotton field look like "the situation is excellent"; but during field investigation, the author found that plants with Fusarium wilt and Verticillium wilt still exist in the cotton field, with dry edges on the lower leaves extending inward and showing chlorosis and yellowing, and the whole plant growing poorly and being relatively short. Cotton farmers are especially reminded not to take it lightly. 1. Disease characteristics. Fusarium wilt and Verticillium wilt mainly occur due to factors such as soil-borne bacteria (Fusarium wilt pathogen can survive in soil for 7-10 years, Verticillium wilt pathogen

Fusarium wilt and Verticillium wilt are called "cotton cancer" by cotton farmers. At present, continuous high temperature and rain for many days make the cotton field look like "the situation is excellent"; but during field investigation, the author found that plants with Fusarium wilt and Verticillium wilt still exist in the cotton field, with dry edges on the lower leaves extending inward and showing chlorosis and yellowing, and the whole plant growing poorly and being relatively short. Cotton farmers are especially reminded not to take it lightly.

1. Disease characteristics. Fusarium wilt and Verticillium wilt mainly occur due to factors such as soil-borne bacteria (Fusarium wilt pathogen can survive in soil for 7-10 years, Verticillium wilt pathogen can survive in soil for 6-8 years), bacteria carried by diseased plant branches and leaves residues, and bacteria carried by seeds; long-term continuous cropping, extensive management, acidic soil, alkaline soil, low soil organic matter content, heavy clay texture, and potassium deficiency induce severe disease. In some plots, the two diseases often occur mixed. The disease is very closely related to ground temperature and humidity: Fusarium wilt generally begins to occur when the ground temperature is 20°C, peaks when the ground temperature is 25-30°C, and stops developing above 32°C. Verticillium wilt also begins to occur after cotton enters the bud stage, peaks at 25-28°C, develops slowly below 25°C and above 30°C, and stops developing above 35°C.

2. Chemical control. For the control of cotton Fusarium wilt and Verticillium wilt, strong varietal disease resistance is the basic factor, but chemical control is still an indispensable key measure. Based on the idea of "three-in-one" sterilization, regulation, and nutrition, the author summarized several pesticide formulas, with the dosage per bucket of a commonly used manual sprayer: ① 14% Sifukang 20 grams + 36% Miankujing (trichloroisocyanuric acid, note not to mix with organophosphorus pesticides) 15 grams + Edaosu (brassinolide and nutrient element preparation) 40 grams + fulvic acid salt 50 grams. ② 80% ethylicin 16 grams + 50% carbendazim 30 grams + sodium naphthaleneacetate 1 gram + Duode 50 grams (rare earth multi-element preparation). ③ 14% Sifukang 30 grams + 80% ethylicin 8 grams + Edaosu 40 grams + 35% potassium-rich Liangfengsu 25 grams.

3. Precautions. ① According to the weather forecast, spray a "preventive medicine" in time before each rain (or before watering), and spray 1-2 more times after the rain (or after watering) to control the spread of the pathogen. ② While spraying, irrigate the roots of severely diseased plants and surrounding cotton plants; the effect is significantly better than spraying alone. ③ Note that the above formulas should be used alternately; continuous application of a single formula should preferably not exceed 2 times.

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