What are the precautions for introducing edible fungi? These key points need to be understood in advance

Edible fungi, like other crops, rely especially on pure, high-quality spawn, because the quality of the spawn directly affects the level of yield and the success or failure of cultivation. With good-quality spawn and reasonable cultivation management, it is easy to obtain high and stable yields; with poor-quality spawn, it is difficult to obtain high yields, or even total crop failure. There is a saying in edible fungus production: whether you harvest at all depends on the spawn, how much you harvest depends on management. For this reason, high-quality edible fungus spawn is the prerequisite for mushroom growers to achieve high returns in edible fungus cultivation. Edible fungus spawn is divided into first-level spawn (also called mother spawn, original stock), second-level spawn (stock spawn), and third-level spawn (also called production spawn, cultivation spawn). Growers should decide which level of spawn to introduce according to their own actual ability and conditions. No matter which level of spawn is introduced, the following aspects should be considered: Variety selection. Variety is very important to growers; whether the variety is good or bad is the key to the grower's success or failure. This is because variety is directly related to the local climate, cultivation materials, market demand, and so on. Growers must understand each of these clearly before deciding on the variety to introduce. Before introducing spawn, one should consult more, ask experts for guidance, and do market research to avoid taking detours. It is necessary to understand the characteristics of the introduced variety and its cultivation techniques, and at the same time pay attention to the differences between northern and southern varieties; those with the conditions should conduct on-site inspections and introduce only after being satisfied. Test first, then cultivate on a large scale. No matter what variety is introduced, a small-area fruiting experiment should be carried out, and only when it is considered an ideal variety for the locality should large-scale cultivation proceed. In this way, its living habits, adaptability, resistance to stress and contaminants, and so on can be observed, reducing unnecessary losses. When introducing spawn, one must ask the spawn manufacturer or unit about the generation number of the variety, because the number of generations is the key factor affecting yield and quality. The more generations, the worse the spawn quality. Generation identification: isolating from a high-quality fruiting body of the spawn onto a PDA medium test tube is the first-generation mother spawn; each subsequent transfer to a tube is one generation, and the second or third generation of mother spawn is best. Transferring from mother spawn to stock spawn medium is the first-generation stock spawn, and the first or second generation of stock spawn is best. When stock spawn is transferred to production spawn medium, it becomes production spawn and can be used for production. Environment and materials. Different environments and different material formulas can also cause variation in varieties, which is a problem growers must pay attention to in production. The quality of the spawn is key, but scientific management cannot be ignored either. As the saying goes, three parts spawn and seven parts management. The growth and development of edible fungi are affected by the following six factors: (1) nutrient regulation. (2) Temperature, which includes mycelium temperature, fruiting body temperature, material internal temperature, and air temperature. (3) Humidity, which also includes the moisture inside the material for mycelium and fruiting bodies and the air humidity. (4) pH value (that is, acidity and alkalinity) should be adjusted according to the requirements of each strain. In addition, there are air and sunlight. In short, as long as growers read more materials, make more consultations, learn more scientific and technological knowledge, and understand more scientific and technological information before introducing spawn, and continuously sum up experience during production, I believe they will certainly achieve very good economic benefits.