How can colored ecological cotton be cultivated for high quality?

The Special Economic Animal and Plant Research Institute of Cao County, Shandong Province introduced green, brown and other natural ecological cottons and achieved relatively high economic benefits. They have been rapidly promoted locally. To achieve high yield and high quality in colored cotton, the following field management tasks should be carried out well in the later stage.

1. Water well with autumn water, spray pesticide to protect bolls. Watering well with autumn water and spraying pesticide to protect bolls have significant effects on preventing premature senescence of cotton, reducing boll shedding, increasing boll weight, and improving seed maturity and fiber quality. The specific method is: use small furrow irrigation to water the roots, and at the same time spray the whole plant with cotton boll-protecting agent.

2. Prune carefully to reduce rotten bolls. Careful pruning can improve ventilation and light conditions in the cotton field, reduce unnecessary consumption of nutrients by the cotton plant, help the cotton plant set more bolls and larger bolls, promote more and smoother boll opening, increase cotton yield, and increase the economic benefits of cotton planting. Specific methods: timely remove ineffective flower buds from the upper part, middle part and beside the top of fruiting branches of the cotton plant; weak branches should be removed as soon as they appear; all old leaves in the lower part of the cotton plant that have lost function, as well as all empty branches and superfluous buds, should be completely removed to prevent rotten bolls (do not remove leaves on fruiting branches). Also do a good job of pushing plants together. Method: use your foot to tread the base of the cotton plant to one side, let two rows of cotton plants be pushed together, leaving a ventilation passage between the rows. After an interval of 5 days to 7 days, push the two rows of cotton plants apart again to restore the original state. In this way, promote cotton boll maturity and boll opening, and reduce rotten bolls.

3. Spray fertilizer and pesticide to prevent premature senescence. For cotton fields with fertilizer deficiency and premature senescence, promptly apply a mixed spray of 1%-2% urea solution plus vitality agent solution; for cotton fields with excessive growth, spray 2%-3% superphosphate extract, or 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution. Begin spraying from late August, once every 7 days to 10 days, for 2 to 3 consecutive sprays.

4. Vigorously control pests and diseases to ensure a bumper harvest. According to the characteristics of pest occurrence, focus on vigorously controlling the third generation of cotton bollworm, while also controlling boll diseases. For older larvae, use manual capture and killing; for young larvae, use pesticide to eliminate the remaining ones, and try as much as possible to reduce the base population of the fourth generation of cotton bollworm. You can use "Kaiwei 168" or "Kaiwei 198" or 40% phoxim emulsifiable concentrate 600 ml/hm2, plus 20% triadimefon (Fenxiuning) emulsifiable concentrate 600 ml, diluted with 750 kg of water and sprayed, to also control other pests and late-stage boll diseases at the same time, ensuring high yield and a bumper harvest of cotton.

5. Chemical ripening to reduce post-frost flowers. Use "ethephon" chemical spray on cotton bolls about 40 days old and on cotton fields with excessive growth and delayed maturity due to greed for green growth, to promote early maturity and early boll opening of cotton bolls, reduce post-frost flowers, and improve economic benefits. Use 40% "ethephon" aqueous solution 2.25 kg/hm2-3.01 kg/hm2, diluted with 600 kg-750 kg of water and sprayed over the whole field.