Detailed Explanation of Six Key Steps for Autumn Production of Edible Fungi

Qu Five: Casing soil materials, prepare in advance

1. Peat soil: As a casing soil material for edible fungi, this peat soil has the best application effect in production; however, domestic resources of this kind are relatively scarce and unevenly distributed, mostly concentrated in Northeast China and other regions. As a resource, its cost plus transportation greatly increases production costs. At present, the peat soil @#@136@#@ price in the Shandong region (Jinan land price) is about 470 yuan per ton; taking the button mushroom as an example, based on an increased cost of 7 yuan per square meter of bed surface, a yield increase of 30%, and an output value increase of 15 yuan, the input-output ratio is 1:2. In some experiments, the yield increased by more than 100%, so the input-output ratio is above 1:6, which is very cost-effective economically. The treatment of peat soil is very simple: use "Baibing Sha" while stirring and spraying, mix back and forth twice and it is ready for use. If not used at the time, it can be covered with film for later use.

2. Preparation of ordinary soil: On general cultivated land, the soil of the plow layer is considered to have relatively high organic matter and suitable aggregate structure, and is suitable as a casing soil material. However, we believe that because the plow layer soil is relatively fertile and has a very high baseline of soil microorganisms, including some harmful microbial populations for edible fungi, it is not suitable for extensive use in actual production. The soil layer below 20 cm of the plow layer has relatively low fertility and poor aggregate structure, but a low number of harmful microorganisms. After simple disinfection treatment, its application effect as a casing soil material is acceptable. The specific operation is: for a mushroom shed with a cultivation area of 100 square meters,

take about 5,000 kg of soil, then dry it while crushing and sieving it, so that soil particles with a diameter of 0.5-1 cm and those below 0.3 cm each account for 50% of the total. Then use "casing soil material treatment agent" together with 800 times phoxim while stirring and spraying, until it is confirmed that each soil particle is coated with the liquid. Build a pile and cover with film, and it can be used after one week. When using, spread out the soil pile, let the internal waste gas dissipate slightly, and then enter the shed for casing.

3. Preparation of chaff soil: The materials are rice husk and river silt soil, with a weight ratio of about 1:10; for each 100 square meters of cultivation area, prepare 4,000 kg of river mud soil, 500 kg of rice husk, and auxiliary materials; treatment: dry the river mud soil while crushing it, soak the rice husk in 4% lime water for about 20 hours, add auxiliary materials and pile-ferment to make it decompose, then fully mix the two, add water to adjust the moisture content to about 20%, spray the agent and mix evenly according to the above method, then cover with film, turn the pile once every 2-4 days, for about 3-4 turns, spread it out to release the odor, and then it can be used.