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What are the winter management measures for edible fungi?

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In winter, temperatures are low, mycelium and fruiting bodies grow slowly, respiratory intensity is low, and mushroom yields are small, but the mushroom flesh is thick and the quality is good. Mushroom growers should seize the good opportunity of the Spring Festival period, when market demand is large and winter mushrooms sell well at high prices, and decisively take measures to strive for more mushrooms and good mushrooms, so as to achieve better economic benefits. There are three specific management measures: raise the temperature of the mushroom bed and create conditions for mushroom growth. Winter is cold, so one can only rely on natural air temperature combined with artificial regulation. For shiitake (Lentinula edodes) sheds, remove the coverings on the shed; except when mushrooms must be harvested and the film on the mushroom bed has to be lifted, keep it tightly covered the rest of the time.

In winter, temperatures are low, mycelium and fruiting bodies grow slowly, respiratory intensity is low, and mushroom yields are small, but the mushroom flesh is thick and the quality is good. Mushroom growers should seize the good opportunity of the Spring Festival period, when market demand is large and winter mushrooms sell well at high prices, and decisively take measures to strive for more mushrooms and good mushrooms, so as to achieve better economic benefits. There are three specific management measures:

Raise the temperature of the mushroom bed and create conditions for mushroom growth. Winter is cold, so one can only rely on natural air temperature combined with artificial regulation. For shiitake sheds, remove the coverings on the shed; except when mushrooms must be harvested and the film on the mushroom bed has to be lifted, keep it tightly covered the rest of the time; for oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus) sheds, spread the coverings on the shed more thinly; for button mushroom (Agaricus bisporus) sheds, cover the outside of the shed with another layer of film. Rely on natural sunlight and the biological heat of the mycelium itself to maintain the temperature inside the mushroom shed, and at night add shade netting or straw curtains outside the shed to prevent freezing and frost. Generally, after taking the above measures, the temperature inside the shed can increase by 5°C-10°C, and mushrooms can still be produced normally in the cold winter.

Supplement water and control humidity, keep warm and prevent cold. After shiitake and oyster mushrooms have gone through spawn running and autumn mushroom growth, the mushroom logs lose a lot of water, retaining only 50%-60% of their original weight, so water should be supplemented at this time. Before supplementing water, open the shed door for ventilation for 3 to 4 days. When supplementing water, use a water injection needle to pierce into the mushroom log, and with the pressure of a water pump, make the mushroom log absorb enough water in a short time. Well water is preferable as the water source. The principle for spraying water is: spray in the form of mist; spray more when there are many mushrooms, spray less when there are few mushrooms; spray more during the bud stage, spray less during the harvest period. In winter, button mushrooms basically do not need water supplementation or spraying.

Pay attention to ventilation and air exchange, and avoid cold wind attacks. After mushroom buds appear, respiration is vigorous. If the air does not circulate and carbon dioxide accumulates too much, it will inhibit the formation and growth of fruiting bodies. Ventilation and air exchange should be carried out around noon when the temperature is relatively high, for 10-20 minutes. When entering and leaving the shed for operations, enter and exit from the south side of the shed to prevent attacks by dry, cold wind.

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