Detailed Explanation of Key Techniques for "Burst Fruiting" in Edible Mushroom Cultivation

The so-called "burst fruiting" means that during edible mushroom cultivation, through artificial regulation, the spawn bag maturation time is extended (by more than 10 days), accumulating the maximum amount of biological energy, so that fruiting forms a "burst" tendency. It transforms conventional cultivation, which takes 3 to 5 months, has a biological efficiency of 100%, and produces 3 to 4 flushes of mushrooms, into "burst fruiting," in which the total yield is produced all at once, and the biological efficiency can reach a production effect of up to 160%. This not only shortens cultivation management time, but can also improve mushroom quality and commercial value. In the same period as one batch of conventional cultivation, more than 3 batches can be cultivated continuously, greatly improving the input-output ratio. Especially for order-based mushroom bases and commercial production bases, it has even more important practical significance. The key technical points of "burst fruiting" are:

1. Perform virus elimination treatment on the spawn or introduce virus-eliminated spawn. Spawn treated by scientific virus elimination methods will not itself carry viruses or pathogenic bacteria, and during the virus elimination process, after continuous high-temperature and low-temperature training, combined with constant changes in the culture substrate, the resistance of the spawn is greatly improved, and problems such as strain degeneration will not occur. The general yield increase effect is about 10%. Therefore, most producers rationally choose virus-eliminated spawn. In fact, virus elimination treatment of spawn represents a development direction for spawn.

2. Adjust the nutritional components and levels of the base material. In production, different raw materials and formulas can be selected according to different cultivated varieties. Overall, the main emphasis should be on supplementing nutrients dominated by trace elements. For example, when cottonseed hulls are used as the main material (for cultivating oyster mushrooms, enoki mushrooms, king oyster mushrooms, etc.), 1 bag of Edible Mushroom Three-Dimensional Nutrient Essence can be added per 250 kg; when corncobs or waste cotton are used as the main material (for cultivating oyster mushrooms, shaggy mane mushrooms, etc.), 1 to 2 bags can be added per 250 kg; when wheat straw is used as the main material (for cultivating button mushrooms, straw mushrooms, etc.), 1 to 2 bags can be added per 250 kg; when sawdust is used as the main material (for cultivating shiitake mushrooms, white lingzhi mushrooms, shaggy mane mushrooms, etc.), 2 bags can be added per 250 kg. There is a question here of the ratio between production cost and output. Under normal circumstances, the input-output ratio when using Edible Mushroom Three-Dimensional Nutrient Essence is about 1:6.

3. Disinfection and sterilization treatment of the cultivation environment. First, on the basis of cleaning up the production environment, use Baibing Quwuzong (solid) to carry out strict disinfection and sterilization treatment of the spawn-running and fruiting sites. Second, under current conditions, especially in cultivation where the overall environment is relatively harsh, the base level of contaminating microorganisms is relatively high, or the temperature is above 15°C, add inhibitory and bactericidal drugs such as Gubingxiao into the base material in combination, so that the spawn-running success rate reaches about 98%. In deteriorating production environments, these measures are especially necessary, and their effects are also very obvious.

4. Strengthen mycelial maturation culture so that it stores more biological energy and has the material conditions for burst fruiting. Once oyster mushrooms and the like complete spawn running, they can quickly form primordia and fruit, but if the first flush of mushrooms does not fruit well, problems such as surface dehydration, difficulty in fruiting, and many diseases will occur. The main reason for these problems is insufficient mycelial quantity and relatively low energy reserves, that is, insufficient mycelial maturation. Under conditions such as the same variety and the same base material, extending the maturation period by more than 10 days can increase the biological efficiency of the first flush by 30%. Therefore, we advocate that, on the premise of adjusting the nutrition of the base material, the mycelial maturation time should be extended as much as possible, generally about 15 days is appropriate.

5. During the fruiting stage, combine with "foliar fertilization" to strengthen the "burst fruiting" effect. Taking oyster mushrooms as an example, generally when the cap diameter reaches 2 cm, Edible Mushroom Three-Dimensional Nutrient Essence (spray type) can be sprayed. The method is to mix the Three-Dimensional Nutrient Essence into warm water at 25 to 32°C and spray it directly on the fruiting bodies. Spraying 3 times per flush of mushrooms can achieve the best yield increase effect, and can also improve mushroom quality, increase resistance, and enhance nutrition and taste.