What are the precautions for supplementing nutrients to edible fungi?

In the process of cultivating edible fungi, reasonably supplementing various nutrients is an effective measure to increase the yield of edible fungi, but improper supplementation can also be counterproductive. Therefore, the following points should be noted when supplementing nutrients to edible fungi.

1. Supplementation methods: The methods for supplementing nutrients to edible fungi include spraying, pouring, and soaking. The most commonly used method is to prepare a nutrient solution of a certain concentration and spray it on the mushroom bed and mushroom blocks while supplementing water. When spraying during the young bud stage, be careful to spray the nutrient solution on areas without mushrooms or near small mushroom buds, and after spraying, rinse the fruiting bodies with clean water. Spraying the nutrient solution is best done during the ebb tide period. For mushroom blocks, mushroom sticks, and logs, the soaking method can also be used for supplementation, that is, letting them absorb enough of the prepared nutrient solution and then taking them out, generally after the harvest of each flush of mushrooms is completed. On the mushroom bed, the pouring method can also be used for supplementation, that is, scraping open the casing soil on the surface of the mushroom bed, inserting a funnel into the compost, pouring in the nutrient solution, and then covering it again. Generally, the distance between liquid pouring holes should be about 10--15 cm, and about 5 ml of nutrient solution should be poured into each hole.

2. Balanced supplementation: When supplementing nutrients, attention should be paid to alternately supplementing or mixing different nutrient solutions, trying to maintain nutrient balance so as to meet the different nutritional needs of edible fungi. If only one certain nutrient is supplemented for a long time, it is difficult to achieve the expected yield increase effect. On mushroom beds, generally a nutrient solution that adds nutrients should be applied first, and then a high-efficiency nutrient agent should be applied, as this is beneficial to the growth of fruiting bodies. If the hormone method is used to stimulate the growth of edible fungi, the hormone should be used after supplementing the nutrient agent.

3. Supplement in appropriate amounts: The amount of nutrient solution used must be appropriate. If too much is supplemented at one time, the compost will become too wet, which is instead extremely unfavorable to mycelial growth. Therefore, when supplementing, it should be applied appropriately according to the moisture of the cultivation material. If the moisture of the medium is relatively high, the concentration of the nutrient solution should be appropriately increased and the amount of water used reduced. After application, ventilation should be increased to dissipate moisture.

4. Pay attention to the environment: Generally, when the temperature is higher than 20°C, it is difficult for mushroom mycelia to form fruiting bodies, and liquid supplementation should be stopped. Glucose solution, soybean milk juice, human manure and urine liquid, etc. are all unsuitable for application when the temperature is higher than 18°C. If the mushroom bed (block) has already been infected with contaminating microorganisms, liquid supplementation can only be carried out after it has first been treated.