Detailed Explanation of Golden Fu Mushroom Cultivation Techniques and Management Points
Golden Fu mushroom, also known as giant mushroom or Lobay mushroom, is a new high-grade and precious edible mushroom variety. Its fruiting body is thick, plump, white and tender, with a sweet and delicious taste, fragrant and refreshing, and rich in nutrients. Each sq m produces 10-15 kg of fresh mushrooms, with a market price of 5-7 yuan/kg, and dried products sell for as high as 150-180 yuan/kg. It belongs to the high-temperature type variety. When summer mushrooms are scarce in the market, it can seize the market as the main variety for summer cultivation. It has excellent economic value and is widely welcomed by domestic and international markets.
Technical measures:
1. Land selection: Choose sandy loam soil close to a water source with good drainage and irrigation, form raised beds, and dig drainage ditches well.
2. Seasonal arrangement. Golden Fu mushroom is a high-temperature variety. The mycelium growth temperature is 10-32°C, with 16-32°C being more suitable. Generally, sowing is chosen in March-May, and fruiting occurs in May-October.
3. Planting specifications: 25×15 cm, row spacing 25-30 cm, plant spacing 10-15 cm, planting 25-30 fungus bags per sq m.
4. Bag removal and soil covering. Transplant the material bags fully covered with mycelium onto the field beds, 20-30 cm deep. Spread a layer of lime powder on the bed surface and around it to sterilize and kill insects, then peel off the plastic bag film from the material bags fully covered with mycelium, place the fungus sticks upright in the beds, fill the 3-5 cm gaps between the fungus sticks with disinfected fertile soil, and then build an arch shed over the top of the fungus sticks with bamboo strips. Cover with black plastic film, then spray water appropriately to maintain moisture.
5. Fruiting management. After covering with soil, maintain humidity. The water content of the soil layer must not be too high. Keep the relative humidity of the space at 85%-90% and the temperature at 10-30°C, and strengthen ventilation to promote primordium development. 15 days after covering with soil, the mycelium grows to the surface. Fruiting begins in 25-30 days.
6. Timely harvesting. Golden Fu mushroom takes 5-7 days from bud formation to mature harvest. When the cap is thick and firm and the veil has not yet broken, harvesting gives the best quality. Harvesting too late, with over-maturity, reduces quality; harvesting too early affects yield. After harvesting, clean the material surface, remove aged mycelium and residual stipes, level the material surface, and prevent water accumulation. After stopping watering for 5 days, replenish water sufficiently and then cultivate the mycelium for another fruiting. A second batch of primordia will form within two weeks. Generally, 3 flushes (batches) of mushrooms can be harvested.
7. Pest and disease control. Although Golden Fu mushroom has strong stress resistance, dead mycelium is also prone to mold infection. After harvesting the fruiting bodies, promptly clean up residual mushrooms, stubs and dead primordia, pay attention to preventing fly damage, promptly remove debris, and keep the site clean and hygienic. If pests occur, spray with 800-1500 times dilution of mushroom pest cleaner. If green mold, blue mold or other contaminant fungi appear, spray with 500 times dilution of carbendazim or penicillium-removing agent.