How to grow roselle? Detailed cultivation and care methods
There are many kinds of flowers, and different flowers differ greatly in shape, color and fragrance. The common flowers are roses and lilies. These flowers are very common and are also women's favorites. In particular, roses represent love, and different numbers of roses have different meanings, so you should pay attention to this when buying flowers. So what is roselle?
What is roselle:
Roselle (scientific name: hibiscus sabdariffa linn.), also known as roselle, roselle hibiscus, etc., belongs to Malvales, Malvaceae, an annual upright herbaceous plant, 2 m tall, petiole 2-8 cm long, sparsely covered with long soft hairs; calyx cup-shaped, light purple, about 1 cm in diameter, flowers yellow, capsule ovoid, about 1.5 cm in diameter, densely covered with coarse hairs, 5 carpels; flowering period in summer and autumn.
Growth habits
Roselle is a tropical and subtropical short-day crop. It likes light and warmth, and is intolerant of early frost. It grows best at 25°C to 30°C. Generally, roselle is sown from March to May and harvested from September to November. The whole growth period is 160-200 days, and the effective accumulated temperature is about 500-550°C. It has certain requirements for temperature, humidity, light, soil conditions, etc.
Soil
Roselle has a taproot system, well-developed lateral roots, deep rooting, is drought-tolerant but not waterlogging-tolerant, and has wide adaptability. It grows well in sandy loam with medium or below-medium fertility and in soil with a pH range of 6-8; when planted in fertile land, it has many branches, thick sepals, and high yield, but it is prone to excessive growth and lodging, which affects yield; in soil that is too thin, poor, or heavy and clayey, it grows poorly and is prone to physiological diseases such as albino seedlings. During the growth period, poor drainage makes it susceptible to root rot, root rot and death. If it encounters rainy weather during harvest, the calyx is prone to mildew, directly affecting yield and quality.
What matters should be noted when growing narcissus at home (key points for narcissus care)
Legend says that narcissus is the incarnation of Emperor Yao's daughters Ehuang and Nüying. The two of them both married Shun, the elder sister became empress, and the younger sister became a concubine. The three had a very good relationship. When Shun died during an inspection tour in the south, Ehuang and Nüying both died for love in the Xiang River. Heaven took pity on their profound love, so it turned their souls into narcissus by the river, and the two also became the flower gods of the twelfth-month narcissus. Based on this, people of former times wrote many poems praising narcissus, such as Cao Zhi's "Ode to the Goddess of the Luo River," and Gao Sisun of the Song Dynasty's Former Rhapsody and Later Rhapsody on Narcissus. If one condenses the beauty they described in narcissus into one point, it is "purity." Today we will talk about the matters to note with narcissus.
Preventing "blind flowers"
The so-called "blind flowers" refers to the phenomenon in which, during water cultivation of narcissus, the scape dies midway, the flower buds wither, or the buds decline before opening. The "blind flower" phenomenon is mainly caused by the following reasons:
(1) Poor quality narcissus bulbs.The bulb is small and the flower buds develop poorly; the bulb has suffered from pests and diseases, the root plate is dry and decayed, few roots develop, and the constitution is weak.
(2) Improper care.Not changing the water frequently, insufficient light, room temperature too high, and poor ventilation cause the leaves to grow excessively and the scape to become thin and weak. In addition, bruising the roots and scape when changing the water can also lead to "blind flowers."
(3) Improper season for water cultivation.For example, if the bulb is in dormancy before Frost's Descent or if water cultivation is carried out after Qingming when the temperature rises, "blind flowers" will appear. To prevent "blind flowers," first select high-quality three-year-old bulbs for water cultivation. For water cultivation, it is best to use rainwater or pond water. If tap water is used, it should be stored for one day before use. Also, ensure that the narcissus receives sufficient light, no less than 6 hours per day, and pay attention to indoor ventilation. Keeping the temperature at 12-15 degrees is most favorable for narcissus growth. In the north, where the weather is dry, spray the narcissus plant with water every day.
Controlling the flowering period
The flowering period of narcissus is earlier than that of peach and plum but later than that of plum. Generally, water cultivation begins in autumn and winter, and it can bloom in winter and spring. So how can narcissus be made to bloom during New Year's Day and Spring Festival? This goal can be achieved by artificially controlling the narcissus flowering period.
Generally, narcissus bulbs under normal water cultivation can bloom on schedule in 45-50 days. So-called normal water cultivation means ensuring that after the narcissus is placed in water, it receives 6 hours of light every day, and the room temperature is kept at about 10-15 degrees. If the weather is abnormal, with insufficient light and temperature too low (or too high), then measures must be taken so that the narcissus can bloom on schedule.
Common methods:
① When the temperature is too low and light is insufficient, replace the water in the narcissus pot with 12-15 degree warm water; at night, surround the narcissus pot with plastic film, and use a 60-watt light at a distance of 40
Preventing excessive growth
If you want to cultivate narcissus with short leaves and long scapes, the key is to promote scape growth and avoid excessive leaf growth. When water-cultivating narcissus, first remove the brown membrane on the outside of the narcissus bulb, make a vertical cut between the buds on the upper part of the narcissus bulb, cutting through 3-4 layers of scales, then make one horizontal cut on each side, being very careful not to damage the flower buds, wash off the mucus, and place it in a shallow pot for cultivation.
Place it in a sunny place during the day, pour out the water in the pot at night, and add water again the next morning for cultivation; this can avoid excessive leaf growth.
The effect of short leaves and long scapes can also be achieved by first planting in the ground or in pots, and then water-cultivating. The specific method is to first plant the narcissus bulb in soil in a sunny place, water it every day until the scape emerges, then dig out the narcissus bulb, wash off the soil, and water-cultivate it indoors for viewing.
Tips
① Aspirin can help narcissus bloom
Use 1-2 aspirin tablets, dissolve them thoroughly in water, and use the solution to replace the clear water in the narcissus pot; this can make the flowers stronger and more luxuriant.
② Increasing temperature to force narcissus to bloom
Narcissus grows slowly at low temperatures, and flowering can be forced by increasing the temperature:
Increasing temperature with sunlight: move it outdoors in sunlight during the day, or place it in a sunny south-facing glass window indoors, until it blooms.
Increasing temperature with light: cover the flower pot with a plastic cover and turn on an electric light to shine on it, waiting until the temperature inside the cover rises to
Increasing temperature with an electric heater: turn on an electric heater or place a hair dryer in a position where it will not scorch the narcissus, and let the warm air blow gently over the plant for several consecutive days until the flowers bloom.
Increasing temperature with warm water: put a small amount of warm water into the water pot and let the water temperature rise to 12-15°C.
③ Salt extends the narcissus flowering period
When the narcissus flowers are in full bloom, put a small amount of table salt into the pot to extend the flowering period. Be sure not to add salt when the narcissus is still in bud, otherwise it will instead inhibit the buds from opening. Alternatively, grind two aspirin tablets into powder, put them into 1000 ml of water, and after they dissolve, sprinkle the solution into the narcissus pot that is blooming; this can extend the narcissus flowering period by about one week.
④ Method for enhancing color
When the narcissus scape grows to
⑤ Preventing root rot.
First, if the water is emptied at night, the roots will not dry out. If the fibrous roots turn yellow and soft: change the water frequently. Keep the water clean for narcissus; it is best to change the water once every 2-3 days to prevent root rot. The yellowed areas can be gently brushed with a soft toothbrush.
The above is all I know about narcissus. I hope flower lovers will find this article helpful after reading it. If you want to learn more about aquatic flowers, please continue to follow Duorou Huapu, and we will provide you with more related knowledge!
How to care for narcissus
Narcissus, also known as tiancong, yasuan, narcissus flower, etc. Because it is mostly water-cultivated, and its leaves are elegant, its fragrance is rich, and it stands gracefully in the water, it has the elegant title of "fairy of the waves." Narcissus is mainly distributed in the warm and humid coastal areas of southeast China, with Zhangzhou and Xiamen in Fujian and Chongming Island in Shanghai being the most famous. Narcissus belongs to the genus Narcissus in the Amaryllidaceae family. It originated in China and has a cultivation history of more than one thousand years in China, and is one of China's traditional famous flowers. There are two sayings about the flower language of narcissus: one is “purity.” The other is “auspiciousness.”Legend says that narcissus is the incarnation of Emperor Yao's daughters Ehuang and Nüying. The two of them both married Shun, the elder sister became empress, and the younger sister became a concubine. The three had a very good relationship. When Shun died during an inspection tour in the south, Ehuang and Nüying both died for love in the Xiang River. Heaven took pity on their profound love, so it turned their souls into narcissus by the river, and the two also became the flower gods of the twelfth-month narcissus. Based on this, people of former times wrote many poems praising narcissus, such as Cao Zhi's "Ode to the Goddess of the Luo River," and Gao Sisun of the Song Dynasty's Former Rhapsody and Later Rhapsody on Narcissus. If one condenses the beauty they described in narcissus into one point, it is “purity.”
Legend says that in Yuanshan, Fujian, there was a kind peasant woman who helped a starving, dying beggar. This beggar was originally an immortal, and he sprayed the rice he had eaten around the house, and later golden-cup silver-platform narcissus grew. Among the people, the meaning of giving narcissus is to praise you for being kindhearted and certain to have good fortune, and to wish you auspiciousness and that everything goes as you wish.
In the West, the free translation of narcissus is “love-shadow flower,” and its flower language is steadfast love, which by extension means self-reflection on sincerity in love.
Narcissus is a perennial herbaceous plant, with a fat bulb, spherical, covered outside with a brown skin membrane, and white fleshy roots growing from the base of the stem. The leaves of narcissus are drawn from the greenish-white tubular sheath at the top of the bulb, and the flower stem (commonly called the arrow) is then drawn from the leaves. Generally, each bulb can produce 1-2 flower stems, and at most 8-11, in an umbel inflorescence.
Chinese narcissus mainly has two strains:
(1) Single-petal type: flowers single-petaled, white, perianth with 6 splits, with a golden yellow ring-shaped corona in the center, hence called "golden cup silver platform," also named "wineglass narcissus"; if the corona is white, the flowers are many, and the leaf tips are slender, then it is called "silver cup jade platform."
(2) Double-petal type: flowers double-petaled, white, perianth with 12 splits, curled into a cluster, called "hundred-leaf narcissus" or "jade exquisite"; the flower shape is not as beautiful as the single-petal type, and the fragrance is also poorer. It is a variety of narcissus.
Carving and shaping narcissus bulbs is a traditional artistic technique in China. The artificially carved crab-claw narcissus has leaves and scapes that curl, resembling crab claws, hence called crab-claw narcissus. Carving crab-claw narcissus requires four steps: peeling the scales, carving the leaf bud scales, cutting the leaf edges, and carving the scape:
(1) Peeling the scales: first scrape clean the soil and dead roots on the narcissus bulb head, and peel off the brown outer skin. At the 2/3 or 1/2 point of the bulb, use a knife to cut inward along an arc parallel to the bottom, peeling off the upper 2/3 of the scales layer by layer until the leaf buds are exposed.
(2) Carving the leaf bud scales: use a knife to carve off the scale petals and leaf bud scales on both sides of the leaf buds one by one. Be patient and careful, and do not bruise the leaf buds. If the leaf buds on both sides are curved, or the two buds are too close together, you can use your fingers to gently prop apart the soft leaf buds, and then slowly carve away the scale petals in the middle. The outside of the leaf buds is also wrapped in a layer of smooth scale petals, which should be peeled carefully to expose the entire leaf bud.
(3) Cutting the leaf edges: the leaves of narcissus originally grow straight. If you want the leaves and scapes to grow into curved crab-claw shapes, you must cut them. When cutting the leaf edges, use your fingers to apply slight pressure forward from the back of the leaf bud to separate the flower bud from the leaf bud, then cut downward from the crack, from top to bottom, from outer leaves to inner leaves, evenly cutting away 1/3 to 2/3 of the leaf edge. The cut side forms scars from injured tissue and grows slowly, while the uncut side still grows vigorously. The unbalanced growth on the two sides results in crab-claw-shaped leaves curved to one side. During operation, do not bruise the flower bud in the middle of the leaf bud.
(4) Carving the scape: the upper part of the flower bud is the flower bud, and the lower part is the scape. Carving the scape is relatively difficult, and the flower bud must not be broken. When carving the scape, cut away about 1/4 of the depth of the scape from top to bottom. Whichever direction you want the scape to bend toward, carve that side of the scape.
The flowering period of narcissus is earlier than that of peach and plum but later than that of plum. Generally, water cultivation begins in autumn and winter, and it can bloom in winter and spring. So how can narcissus be made to bloom during New Year's Day and Spring Festival? This goal can be achieved by artificially controlling the narcissus flowering period.
Generally, narcissus bulbs under normal water cultivation can bloom on schedule in 45-50 days. So-called normal water cultivation means ensuring that after the narcissus is placed in water, it receives 6 hours of light every day, and the room temperature is kept at about 10-15 degrees. If the weather is abnormal, with insufficient light and temperature too low (too high), then measures must be taken so that the narcissus can bloom on schedule.
Common methods: ① When the temperature is too low and light is insufficient, replace the water in the narcissus pot with 12-15 degree warm water; at night, surround the narcissus pot with plastic film, and use a 60-watt light at a distance of 40-50 cm from the flowers to increase temperature and strengthen light, and at the same time spray water on the narcissus leaf surface to prevent a sudden increase in temperature. ② When the temperature is too high, add an appropriate amount of cold water to the narcissus pot, pour out the water in the pot at night, and carry out low-temperature treatment; this can delay the flowering of narcissus.
Preventing excessive leaf growth and root rot
First, if the water is emptied at night, the roots will not dry out.
If the fibrous roots turn yellow and soft: change the water frequently. Keep the water clean for narcissus; it is best to change the water once every 2—3 days to prevent root rot. The yellowed areas can be gently brushed with a soft toothbrush.
The following is how to cultivate narcissus with short leaves and long scapes:
If you want to cultivate narcissus with short leaves and long scapes, the key is to promote scape growth and avoid excessive leaf growth. When water-cultivating narcissus, first remove the brown membrane on the outside of the narcissus bulb, make a vertical cut between the buds on the upper part of the narcissus bulb, cutting through 3-4 layers of scales, then make one horizontal cut on each side, being very careful not to damage the flower buds, wash off the mucus, and place it in a shallow pot for cultivation.
Place it in a sunny place during the day, pour out the water in the pot at night, and add water again the next morning for cultivation; this can avoid excessive leaf growth.
The effect of short leaves and long scapes can also be achieved by first planting in the ground or in pots, and then water-cultivating. The specific method is to first plant the narcissus bulb in soil in a sunny place, water it every day until the scape emerges, then dig out the narcissus bulb, wash off the soil, and water-cultivate it indoors for viewing.
How to handle narcissus that has finished blooming
After the Spring Festival, narcissus flowers fade. Usually people throw away narcissus bulbs that have already bloomed, which is actually a great pity. Narcissus is a perennial plant, and it is propagated by bulbs. If those bulbs that have already bloomed are buried in soil again, they can continue to grow and reproduce.
Choose vegetable garden or nursery land that is sheltered from the wind, sunny, and has deep soil. After deep plowing and raking level, build high ridges, open furrows on the ridges, and bury the bulbs that have already bloomed in them, naturally keeping the leaves. After one month, the leaves wither and the plant goes dormant. At this time, dig up the bulbs, cut off the fibrous roots, and cut off the already withered and yellowed leaves along the base, then bury the bulbs again, with a depth of 10 cm being appropriate, and at the same time apply decomposed cake fertilizer liquid or human excrement and urine, then rake level. Do not take the easy way out and just bury them in a flower pot, because the bulbs must spend the long spring, summer, and autumn seasons in the soil, especially summer and autumn, when it is hot and scorching. If the bulbs are buried there with no leaves above them, and you forget to water and fertilize them, they will die from drought.
After handling the bulbs, the subsequent work is routine care and management. Usually, as long as you pay attention to giving the plot sufficient nutrients and keeping the plot moist but not waterlogged, the bulbs can grow naturally. Wait until November or December, then dig out the bulbs. At that time you will find that the old bulbs have rotted and become empty, but many large and small bulbs have been produced around them. Select those bulbs with large heads and many buds, wash off the soil on them, peel off the brown skin membrane on the surface, then put them outside in the sun for a few hours, and then use a knife to make a “ten”-shaped cut on the top of the bulb, with the depth not damaging the bud eyes inside the scales, so as to facilitate the growth of buds and leaves. Soak them in clean water for 24 hours, wash off the gelatinous mucus flowing out of the cuts, and then normal water cultivation can be carried out. Generally after 3 days, white fibrous roots can grow from the bottom of the bulb, and leaves gradually sprout from the bud eyes at the top of the bulb. As for those small bulbs, because they will not bloom that year, let them grow in the soil for another year, and after they develop robustly the next year, dig them out for water cultivation.