How to grow Clivia leaves so they are glossy: sufficient light, suitable temperature / wipe the leaves with clean water

Growing Techniques Jan 1, 1970 0 views

Clivia, an ornamental flowering plant, kept at home not only beautifies the environment, but looking at its emerald green leaves when you get up in the morning is also very refreshing and pleasing to the eye. Because the Clivia flowering period is short, 6 parts of its beauty is shown in the leaves, so to make Clivia highly ornamental, making its leaves glossy is very important

1. Characteristics of Clivia: leaves are thick and emerald green

Before answering how to grow Clivia leaves so they are glossy, it is necessary for us to first understand the characteristics of Clivia:

First, the leaves: Clivia leaves are sword-shaped, divided into two sides, neatly arranged, and look extremely lovely;

Second, the flowers: each pot of Clivia can produce 10-60 small flowers, blooming in winter and spring, especially in winter. The small flowers can bloom for 15-20 days, opening in successive rounds, and can last 2-3 months.

Finally, its preferences: Clivia is native to under large trees in southern Africa. It fears heat and cannot tolerate cold, likes a semi-shaded and humid environment, and fears strong direct sunlight. Its optimal growth temperature is 18-22°C. In addition, Clivia likes a ventilated environment, likes deep, fertile, loose soil, and is suitable for indoor cultivation.

2. How to grow Clivia leaves so they are glossy

It is worth mentioning that Clivia takes more than 3 years from planting to flowering, so most of its beauty is shown in the leaves. Therefore, to make Clivia highly ornamental, making its leaves glossy is very important. So how do you grow Clivia leaves so they are glossy? Just do the following 4 points well:

1. Sufficient light

In the cultivation methods for Clivia, we have introduced the importance of light to Clivia, and the glossiness of Clivia leaves is also closely related to light. Generally, in the morning and afternoon when the sun is not very strong, we can move the Clivia outdoors to let it receive light.

Note: Be sure to avoid strong light exposure, because strong light exposure will make Clivia leaves turn white, yellow, etc., affecting leaf growth and appearance. But the light also cannot be too weak or too short, because this will weaken leaf photosynthesis and make the leaves dull and lusterless.

2. Balanced fertilization

Therefore, before fertilizing it is best to understand the application amounts of various fertilizers, especially nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium fertilizers, and fertilize in a balanced way, applying at the right time and in the right amount. Clivia must not be given heavy fertilizer, nor too much nitrogen fertilizer, as these will damage the roots of Clivia. Once Clivia roots rot, it will be a very troublesome matter, and this will also cause the leaves to be too dark green and lose their luster.

But fertilizing too little is also not acceptable, otherwise the Clivia will not get enough nutrients and will become very weak, let alone bloom. So the best approach is: water and fertilize at the same time. During the vigorous growth period, apply fully fermented fertilizer water or rice washing water once every 15-20 days. You can buy special fertilizer to apply, but it is best not to use chemical fertilizers.

3. Suitable temperature

To make Clivia leaves glossy, the temperature must be suitable. If the temperature is too high or too low, it can easily affect the normal photosynthesis of Clivia, weaken leaf respiration, and make the leaves lose their luster. So keep the temperature stable and do not let it go from cold to hot suddenly.

4. Wipe the leaves with clean water

To make Clivia leaves glossy, in addition to the above points that must be done, we should also regularly wipe the Clivia leaves with clean water to remove dust from the leaves and ensure smooth leaf respiration. This will keep the leaves bright and also relatively clean. Flower lovers can also wipe the leaves with beer, which is very good~

These are the methods. As long as everyone carefully does the above points and is a bit patient, over time your Clivia leaves will surely be shining and glossy. The scene at that time is worth looking forward to~ That is all for how to grow Clivia leaves so they are glossy. I hope it can help everyone.

How to grow Clivia leaves so they are glossy

Clivia needs suitable light

The glossiness of Clivia leaves is related to light.

Generally when cultivating Clivia, the light should be suitable, and strong light should be avoided, because strong light exposure will make Clivia leaves turn white, yellow, etc., affecting leaf growth and appearance. But the light also cannot be too weak or too short in duration, as this will weaken leaf photosynthesis and make the leaves dull and lusterless.

So light should be reasonable, neither for too long nor too short. Generally, morning and afternoon light is best, and sunlight should be avoided at noon.

Second: Fertilization management

When fertilizing Clivia, attention should be paid to balance. It must not be given heavy fertilizer, nor excessive nitrogen fertilizer, as this will harm the roots and also cause the leaves to be too dark green and lose their luster.

But if no fertilizer or too little fertilizer is applied, the plant will become weak, and the leaves will also be dull and lusterless.

Third: Wipe the leaves with clean water

To make Clivia leaves glossy, you can regularly wipe the Clivia leaves with clean water to remove dust from the leaves and ensure smooth leaf respiration. This will keep the leaves bright and also relatively clean.

Fourth: Temperature

When caring for Clivia, the temperature must be suitable. If the temperature is too high or too low, it can easily affect the normal photosynthesis of Clivia, weaken leaf respiration, and make the leaves lose their luster. So keep the temperature stable and do not let it go from cold to hot suddenly.

Alright, by doing the above points, surely your Clivia will keep its leaves fresh and glossy

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Clivia Clivia miniata Clivia illustrated guide: how to grow Clivia / how to propagate Clivia

Clivia profile
Clivia Clivia miniata
Aliases: Clivia, large-leaf lycoris, sword-leaf lycoris, damulan
Classification: Orchidaceae flowering plants
Family and genus: Plantae, Angiosperms, Monocotyledoneae, Liliales, Amaryllidaceae, Clivia genus
Full bloom period: spring
Clivia is a perennial herbaceous plant of the genus Clivia in the Amaryllidaceae family. Its flowering period lasts as long as 30-50 days, mainly in winter and spring, and it also blooms around New Year's Day to the Spring Festival. It dislikes strong light and is a semi-shade plant. It likes cool conditions and dislikes high temperatures. The suitable growth temperature is 15-25°C, and growth stops below 5°C. It likes fertile, well-drained soil and moist soil, and dislikes dry environments. Clivia has very high ornamental value. Its plant is elegant and graceful, with the bearing of a gentleman, and its flowers are like orchids, hence the name. The roots are fleshy and fibrous, and the leaf bases form a pseudobulb. The leaf shape is like a sword, up to 45 cm long, alternately arranged, with entire margins. The umbel inflorescence is terminal, and each flower...

Clivia cultivation methods and precautions: Introduction to Clivia
Clivia is a perennial herbaceous plant of the genus Clivia in the Amaryllidaceae family. Its flowering period lasts as long as 30-50 days, mainly in winter and spring, and it also blooms around New Year's Day to the Spring Festival. It dislikes strong light and is a semi-shade plant. It likes cool conditions and dislikes high temperatures. The suitable growth temperature is 15-25°C, and growth stops below 5°C. It likes fertile, well-drained soil and moist soil, and dislikes dry environments. Clivia has very high ornamental value.
Its plant is elegant and graceful, with the bearing of a gentleman, and its flowers are like orchids, hence the name. The roots are fleshy and fibrous, and the leaf bases form a pseudobulb. The leaf shape is like a sword, up to 45 cm long, alternately arranged, with entire margins. The umbel inflorescence is terminal, and each inflorescence has 7-30 small flowers, with some reaching more than 40. The small flowers have stalks and are arranged in an umbel at the top of the flower. The flowers are funnel-shaped, upright, yellow or orange-yellow.
Clivia flowers and leaves are beautiful and elegant, and it is also shade-tolerant. It is suitable for potted indoor display, for viewing leaves and flowers, and is also an ideal potted flower for arranging venues and decorating hotel environments. It also has the function of purifying air and medicinal value.
Clivia can bloom throughout the year, mainly in spring and summer. The fruit ripening period is around October.

Morphological characteristics of Clivia
The roots of Clivia are fleshy and fibrous, milky white, and very stout. The root system is thick and large, very fleshy in texture. The persistent leaf bases at the stem base of Clivia expand and clasp each other to form a pseudobulb shape. The leaves emerge in two ranks from the shortened stem at the root, neatly arranged, broad and band-shaped, with rounded tips, hard and thick texture, and glossy with veins. The basal leaves are thick, sword-shaped, leathery, dark green, glossy, band-shaped, 30-50 cm long, with the longest reaching 85 cm, 3-5 cm wide, gradually narrowing at the lower part, alternately arranged, with entire margins.
The flower scape of Clivia is drawn out from the leaf axils. If cultivated from seed, it generally blooms when it reaches 15 leaves. The flower stem is about 2 cm wide; the small flowers have stalks and are arranged in an umbel at the top of the flower. The flowers are funnel-shaped, upright, yellow or orange-yellow, orange-red. The umbel inflorescence is terminal, the flowers are upright, with several imbricate bracts, and each inflorescence has 7-30 small flowers, with some reaching more than 40. The perianth has 6 connate lobes.
The pendulous Clivia has slightly drooping flowers and a narrowly funnel-shaped perianth. The pedicel is 2.5-5 cm long; the flower is upright and upward, the perianth is broadly funnel-shaped, bright red, with a slightly yellow inner surface; the perianth tube is about 5 mm long, the outer perianth lobes have a slightly raised tip, and the inner whorl tip is slightly concave, slightly longer than the stamens; the style is long, slightly protruding beyond the perianth. The berry is purplish red, broadly ovate.
The full bloom period of Clivia is from New Year's Day to the Spring Festival, mainly in spring and summer. It can bloom throughout the year, sometimes also in winter, and sometimes it blooms in summer from June to July. The fruit ripening period is around October, and it is a berry, purplish red. Clivia flowers and leaves are both beautiful.
Ecological habits of Clivia
Clivia is native to the tropical regions of southern Africa and grows under trees, so it fears heat and cannot tolerate cold. It likes a semi-shaded and humid environment, fears strong direct sunlight, and its optimal growth temperature is between 18-28°C. Below 10°C and above 30°C, growth is inhibited. Clivia likes a ventilated environment, likes deep, fertile, loose soil, and is suitable for growing in loose, fertile, slightly acidic organic soil. Clivia is a famous greenhouse flower and is suitable for indoor cultivation.
Roots and leaves have a certain correlation. When new roots and leaves grow, new leaves will also emerge. If the roots are eliminated (rotted by waterlogging or dried to death, etc.), as long as the leaves are not wilted, pay attention during care to maintain soil moisture, and remember not to water too much, too dry, or too frequently, then the roots will regrow new roots and the plant can survive (with proper care, new roots can be found growing in about 10 days); if the leaves are damaged, it will likewise affect the roots.
Under normal circumstances, Clivia blooms once a year, generally when it has more than twelve leaves. If the indoor cultivation temperature is suitable, it can bloom around the Spring Festival. Known as the flower of wealth and honor, Clivia generally blooms once a year after growing up. It is rare for it to bloom twice a year, and blooming three times is extremely rare.
A pendulous Clivia with 16 leaves was an old plant separated during repotting and was relatively robust. It was transplanted into a large flower pot. When transplanting, some charcoal and broken old bricks were placed at the bottom of the pot, and three horseshoes (horse hoof nails) were buried in as base fertilizer. Afterward, it was placed in a cool, shady spot with less sunlight, and liquid fertilizer soaked with peanut bran was often applied (about once every half month). Soon a tender shoot grew.
By the Spring Festival, it had shot up a scape and bloomed, with a flowering period of more than twenty days. After the flowers faded, liquid fertilizer was applied as a top dressing, and some peanut bran was also placed. Soon, the flower scape that had not set seed was cut off. Subsequently, it grew two more tender shoots. By July, it bloomed a second time, also with a flowering period of about twenty days, but the flower scape was slightly shorter than at the Spring Festival. In August the flowers faded, and liquid fertilizer was applied immediately. After that, the flower scapes that had not set seed were cut off, and some liquid fertilizer, peanut bran, and soybean cake were often applied. In September, dozens of raw clams were also added as fertilizer. During high temperatures, it was placed in a ventilated spot indoors. By November, it unexpectedly sent up a scape and bloomed a third time. This flowering period was also about twenty days, only with fewer flowers, just over twenty. After the flowers faded in December, I buried three more horseshoes in the flower pot and often applied liquid fertilizer, so that it could bloom once more in February and March.

Clivia cultivation techniques: soil
Clivia is suitable for soil rich in humus. This kind of soil has good air permeability, good water permeability, and is fertile and slightly acidic (pH 6.5). The general soil mix for Clivia is 6 parts leaf mold, 2 parts pine needles, 1 part river sand or furnace ash, and 1 part base fertilizer (hemp seed, etc.). Leaf mold mainly refers to oak leaves, also called oak tree. This kind of leaf is thick in texture and is a very good humus. It is nutritious and has good water permeability. Other leaves are too thin and disappear after decomposition, so they cannot be mixed with other media to make soil. When cultivating, the pot size should gradually increase as the plant grows. When cultivating one-year-old seedlings, a 3-inch pot is suitable. In the second year, change to a 5-inch pot, and afterward repot into a pot one size larger every 1-2 years. Repotting can be done in spring and autumn.
Watering
Clivia has relatively well-developed fleshy roots, and the roots store a certain amount of water, so this flower is relatively drought-tolerant. However, drought-tolerant flowers cannot be severely short of water, especially in summer when high temperatures are combined with dry air. Do not forget to water in time, otherwise the roots and leaves of the flower will be damaged, causing new leaves to fail to sprout and the original leaves to scorch, which not only affects flowering but may even cause the plant to die. However, watering too much will also cause root rot. So it must be well controlled. Always pay attention to the dryness and wetness of the potting soil. When it becomes semi-dry, water once, but the amount should not be too much. Keeping the potting soil moist but not soggy is just right.
Under general circumstances, water once a day in spring; in summer, use a fine watering can to water the leaf surface and the surrounding ground together, and on sunny days water twice a day; in autumn, water once every other day; in winter, water once a week or less. But it must be noted that this refers to "general circumstances." It must be flexibly controlled according to various specific situations. For example, water more on sunny days; water less on cloudy days, and during continuous cloudy days water once every few days; do not water on rainy days. When the temperature is high and the air is dry, water several times a day; if the flower pot is large, because the soil stores a large amount of water and does not dry easily, water less; if the flower pot is small, water evaporates easily, so water an appropriate amount more. If the flower pot is placed in a well-ventilated place where evaporation is easy, it is appropriate to water more; in places with poor ventilation, slow evaporation, and high air humidity, water less. During the seedling stage, water less; during the flowering stage, water more. In short, it depends on the specific situation, to ensure the potting soil is soft and moist, and the principle is not to make it too dry or too damp.
If conditions permit, magnetized water is of course best; next is rainwater, snow water, or running water from rivers; next is pond water; the worst is tap water. Flower growers living in large cities only have tap water available, so they can use a small water vat or basin or bucket, put the tap water in it, and water after 2-3 days. This allows some harmful impurities in the water to settle. In addition, it allows the substances contained in the water to be oxidized and purified, and can make the water temperature close to the potting soil temperature, so it will not be too cold or too hot and harm the plant.
Fertilization
Many flowering plants like fertilizer, but fertilizing fertilizer-loving flowers also has a limit. Too much fertilizer is not good for growth and may even cause plant root rot or scorching. Clivia also belongs to this type of plant, and appropriate fertilization must be achieved.
Flowering plants have different nutrient requirements at different growth and development stages. Therefore, different fertilization methods suitable for the plant's needs should be adopted at each period. Such as base fertilizer, top dressing, and foliar fertilization, etc.
1) Applying base fertilizer (also called basal fertilizer)
The purpose is to create conditions for plant growth and development and meet its nutrient needs. Base fertilizer for Clivia should be applied when repotting every 2 years. Commonly used fertilizers applied into the soil include barnyard manure (that is, poultry and livestock manure), compost, green manure, soybean cake fertilizer, etc.
2) Top dressing
Mainly to promote plant growth. Clivia can be given fertilizers such as cake fertilizer, fish meal, and bone meal. Apply less at initial planting, and later as the plant grows and the leaves increase, the fertilization amount gradually increases. When fertilizing, dig open the potting soil and apply into the soil at a depth of 2-3 cm, but note that the fertilizer applied should not be too close to the root system, so as not to burn the root system. Applying this kind of solid fertilizer generally once a month is enough, and it should not be more frequent.
3) Applying liquid top dressing
Liquid top dressing is made by mixing the soaked and decomposed clear supernatant of animal and plant materials with 30-40 times clean water and pouring it onto the potting soil. For small seedlings, dilute with 40 times water; for medium seedlings, dilute with 30 times water; for large seedlings, dilute with only 20 times water. After applying the fertilizer liquid, water once with clean water 1-2 days later (the amount of water should not be too much), so that the fertilizer seeps into the root system in the potting soil and fully exerts its fertilizer effect. Do not water 1-2 days before applying liquid fertilizer, so that the potting soil is relatively dry before applying the fertilizer liquid, which is more effective. The best time to fertilize is in the early morning; when applying, the fertilizer liquid should be poured along the edge of the pot, and care should be taken to avoid applying it on the plant and leaves.
In addition, the type of fertilizer should also vary according to the season. For example, in spring and winter, it is suitable to apply some phosphorus and potassium fertilizers, such as fish meal, bone meal, and hemp cake, which help leaf vein formation and improve leaf glossiness; in autumn, it is suitable to apply the leachate of decomposed animal hair, horns, hooves, or soybean cake, diluted with 30-40 times clean water before application, to promote leaf growth.
4) Foliar top dressing
Using this method of fertilization is mainly to make up for the deficiency of nutrients in the soil, to solve the problem of nutrient deficiency in the plant body, so that seedlings grow quickly and flowers and fruits grow plump. Foliar fertilization is spraying the diluted fertilizer liquid directly onto the leaf surface of the plant with a mist sprayer, allowing nutrient elements to penetrate through leaf epidermal cells and stomata into the leaf tissues and then be transported throughout the plant. Commonly used fertilizer types include urea, monopotassium phosphate, and superphosphate, etc. When spraying, spray evenly on both the front and back sides of the leaves. During the growing season, spray once every 4-6 days; during semi-dormancy, spray once every 2 weeks. Generally spray after sunrise. After the plant blooms, spraying should stop. It must be noted that this method can only be used when the plant is found to be deficient in fertilizer. If the plant has sufficient nutrients and is growing vigorously, it should not be used.
Later-stage management
The flowering period of Clivia is generally from February to April. After flowering, methods such as appropriate cooling, ventilation, and reducing light can be used to prolong the flowering period. The length of the Clivia flowering period can be controlled through people's cultivation techniques.
Before and after the Clivia flowering period, the following treatments should be made in cultivation management:
Fertilization
An additional application of bone meal, well-fermented fish innards, and soybean cake water should be given, which can make the flower color vivid, the flowers larger, and the leaves thicker. Otherwise, it is easy to have small flowers, few in number, and pale flower color. At the same time, care should be taken to avoid excessive nitrogen fertilizer and insufficient phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, which can lead to weak growth or leggy leaves and affect bud formation and flowering.
Light
A certain amount of light should be given to meet the light requirements of photosynthesis and flowering. Under strong light, the flowering period is short and the flower color is vivid; under weak light, the flower color is pale. Too much light, too strong light, or long-term shading and insufficient light all affect the production and accumulation of nutrients, preventing bud formation and flowering.
Temperature
Suitable temperature has a clear effect on the quality of flowering. If the temperature is too high, root hairs exist for a very short time, and the function of absorbing water and fertilizer is greatly reduced, causing Clivia to enter a semi-dormant state; if the temperature is below 10°C, growth will also be inhibited; the growing period should be controlled at 15°C-25°C, and the flowering period should be 15°C-20°C. If root hairs exist for a long time and the water and fertilizer absorption function is good, the leaves grow short and wide, and the flowering is luxuriant. Also note that Clivia should maintain a temperature difference of about 8°C between day and night, because the organic matter it produces under higher daytime temperatures needs to be stored and digested under lower nighttime temperatures.
Water
Clivia must not lack water throughout the plant growth period. Entering the flowering period, the water requirement is greater, and the growth humidity should not be lower than 60%.

Clivia cultivation methods
China currently mainly uses sowing to propagate Clivia, thus forming a variety of cultivars.
Clivia cultivation is relatively simple. First, choose good potting soil. It can be placed indoors near a window, and fertilizer and water should be controlled according to the temperature characteristics of each region. During the growing period, the potting soil must be kept moist. During the high-temperature semi-dormant period, the potting soil should be on the dry side, and water should often be sprayed on the leaf surface to achieve the purpose of cooling. Clivia likes fertilizer. Every 2 to 3 years, repot in spring or autumn and add decomposed cake fertilizer into the potting soil. Each year before the growing period, apply 5 to 40 grams of decomposed cake fertilizer under the pot surface soil, and apply liquid fertilizer once during growth.
During management, the pot should be turned frequently to prevent the leaves from leaning to one side. If there is leaning, it should be corrected in time. When the temperature is 25 to 30 degrees, it easily causes leggy leaves, making the leaves narrow and long and affecting the ornamental effect, so when cultivating Clivia, be sure to regulate room temperature.
Clivia leaves are broad and band-shaped, hard and thick in texture, and glossy with veins. The leaves emerge in two ranks from the shortened stem at the root. With proper management, the leaves are neatly arranged and even more beautiful. The flower scape is drawn out from the leaf axils, and it generally blooms only when it has 20-25 leaves. The full bloom period is from New Year's Day to the Spring Festival, and it also blooms in summer from June to July. After flowering, it can set a small amount of seed, requiring artificial supplementary pollination, and the seed matures only after 240-270 days.
The roots of Clivia are milky white, very stout, and very fleshy in texture. Roots and leaves have a certain correlation. When new roots and leaves grow, new leaves will also emerge. If the roots are injured or necrotic, the corresponding leaves will also wither; if the leaves are damaged, it will likewise affect the roots. Clivia has thick, fleshy roots. The leaf bases form a pseudobulb; the leaves are leathery, dark green. The umbel inflorescence has several to dozens of flowers; the flowers are funnel-shaped, upright, orange-red. Its variety is yellow-flowered Clivia (vae.aurea Regel). The flowering period is winter and spring. It is robust in nature and likes a warm, humid, semi-shaded environment. It requires well-drained, fertile loam. It is not cold-tolerant. In South China, Clivia can be used for flower beds or as cut flowers; in East China and areas north of the Yangtze River basin, it is used as an indoor potted plant for viewing leaves and flowers.
Clivia is native to the tropics, likes semi-shade, and the most suitable temperature is 10 to 25 degrees. It is suitable for growing in loose, fertile, slightly acidic organic soil.

Clivia propagation methods
Clivia generally uses only two propagation methods: one is sexual propagation, namely seed sowing propagation; the other is asexual propagation by division. Large-flowered Clivia is more commonly propagated by sowing. The advantage of this propagation method is that it can propagate in large quantities to meet the needs of many flower growers. But seed sowing propagation first requires artificial pollination, preferably cross-pollination between different plants (higher seed-setting rate). A robust plant can generally set ten seeds after cross-pollination between different plants; self-pollination on the same plant can only set a few seeds.
Sowing method
The pollination method is: 2-3 days after the perianth cracks, when the flower bud is mature and the stigma secretes mucus, that is the pollination time. When pollinating, use a new writing brush to dip the pollen from the stamens and gently shake it onto the stigma of the pistil. To increase the seed-setting rate, pollinate once each between 9-10 am and 2-3 pm. After about 8-9 months the seeds can mature. When the fruit skin gradually changes from green to blackish purple, cut off the fruit cluster, and after 10-20 days extract the seeds. Before sowing, soak the seeds in warm water at 30-35°C for 20-30 minutes, take them out, and air-dry for 1-2 hours (at this time, if they can be soaked in 10% sodium phosphate solution for 20-30 minutes, taken out and washed, and then soaked in clean water for 10-15 hours, so much the better), then sow into the culture soil. After sowing, place the flower pot in an environment at room temperature 20-25°C and humidity around 90%, and in about 1-2 weeks the radicle will sprout.
Before sowing propagation, first prepare the culture soil. Many materials can be used to make culture soil, but one that is relatively easy to obtain is to use loose soil taken from the surface layer of woods with sufficient humus and mix in 1/3 clean fine sandy soil.
Clivia likes slightly acidic soil, with a pH value of 6-6.5 as suitable. The time requirement for propagating Clivia by sowing is not strict. It can be sown in spring, autumn, and winter, but temperature is an important factor. It is best to sow under conditions of 20-25°C, which can meet the temperature requirements for germinating the embryo.
Division method
Asexual propagation of flowering plants includes cuttings, division, layering, grafting, and other methods, but the asexual propagation of Clivia generally only uses division, and pendulous Clivia uses this method even more commonly.
To propagate by division, first do several preparation tasks:
① For home potting, prepare flower pots. It is best to use clay pots, and do not buy porcelain or ceramic ones just for a beautiful pot surface, because they have poor air permeability and are not conducive to plant development and growth.
② Prepare the medium soil, preferably disinfecting it. If using humus soil mixed with fine sand, the humus soil should be sprayed and disinfected with a 1000-2000 times water solution of potassium permanganate; the fine river sand should also be scalded and disinfected with boiling water to avoid seedlings being infected by pathogens and rotting.
③ Prepare a small amount of charcoal powder to apply to the wound to absorb moisture and prevent rot.
④ Sharpen the cutting knife, and finally quickly dry-grind it (without adding water) on a whetstone dozens of times, making the blade very hot, in order to kill pathogens.
When dividing, first take the mother Clivia plant out of the pot, remove the old soil, and find the axillary buds that can be divided. If the offset grows on the outer edge of the mother plant and is relatively small, you can hold the bulb part with one hand and pinch the base of the offset with the other hand, tear and pull once, and the offset can be pulled away from the mother body; if the offset is stout and not easy to pull off, you should use the prepared sharp knife to cut it off. Never pull forcefully, so as not to damage the young plant. After the offset is cut off, immediately apply dry charcoal powder to the wound to absorb the flowing liquid and prevent rot. Next, pot the offset for planting.
When planting, the planting depth should be such that the basal pseudobulb of the offset is buried, and the part near the seedling should be made slightly higher, and cover with sterilized sandy soil. After planting, immediately water thoroughly once. When the wound heals after 2 weeks, add another layer of culture soil. Generally it takes 1-2 months to grow new roots and 1-2 years to bloom. Clivia propagated by division has relatively stable heredity and can maintain the various characteristics of the original species.

Clivia disease control: common viruses
Several common diseases of Clivia include southern blight, soft rot, and anthracnose, etc.
Southern blight
When this disease occurs, the stem near the root appears with water-soaked, irregular brown lesions, the cortex soft-rots, and then white silky mycelium grows and spreads over the soil surface around the roots, later forming small sclerotia, and finally becoming rapeseed-like in color and size, expanding until the entire base rots and necroses.
Control methods:
① Before potting, the culture soil should be disinfected. A relatively simple method is to place the culture soil at 60°C for 24 hours;
② Always observe the soil surface. If white mycelial lines are found, pick them out and burn them, and sprinkle some lime powder around the diseased spot to disinfect; ③ In the early stage of disease, pour 50% carbendazim wettable powder 500 times solution on the stem base of the plant and the soil around the base, once a week, 2-3 times is enough.
Soft rot
Pathogens often invade through wounds. When the disease occurs, light yellow water-soaked spots appear on the leaves, later expanding into irregular lesions, causing the leaves to become brown soft rot, and bacterial fluid flows out from the wound lesions.
Control methods:
① Once this disease is found, the affected plant should immediately be separated, the potting soil around the plant should be scraped away to expose the diseased area, the rotten diseased leaves should be pulled apart, the rotten parts should be scraped off with a sterilized knife, and the plant should be exposed to appropriate sunlight and kept ventilated and dry;
② If many plants are rotten, all diseased tissue must be cut away, soaked in a 5% potassium permanganate aqueous solution for 1 hour, rinsed with clean water and dried, the cut surfaces coated with plant ash, and the plant repotted in fresh potting soil and placed in a ventilated spot that is not too warm;
③ For chemical treatment, penicillin, streptomycin or oxytetracycline diluted with 4000-**** times water can be sprayed or applied to the diseased spots, and has a certain curative effect.
Anthracnose
This disease mostly occurs in rainy, humid and muggy seasons, and the affected areas are mostly at leaf tips and leaf margins. In the early stage, small moist brown spots appear on the leaves, then expand into oval spots and main wave-like spots, surrounded by yellow, and later gradually shrink and dry up. Oversaturated potting soil and excessive nitrogen fertilizer make plants prone to this disease.
Control methods:
① Give the flower pot an environment with good ventilation and light, and keep the potting soil only moist; do not water too much or too frequently. Increase phosphorus and potassium fertilizer and control nitrogen fertilizer.
② When signs of the disease are found, immediately spray with a solution made from 50% wettable carbendazim powder diluted with 800 times water, or a solution of 60% anthracnose thiram diluted with 1000 times water, spraying about once every 6 days; 3-5 sprays are usually enough to be effective.
Common pests
The common pest of clivia is scale insects. When infestation occurs, scale insects often gather on the tender tips of leaves, suck leaf sap, and secrete large amounts of pathogens, turning stems and leaves moldy black, causing sooty mold and making leaves wither. This insect has strong reproductive capacity and can produce many generations a year; a single female adult can often produce hundreds of offspring. If control measures are not taken in time, it can cause death.
Control methods: prevention should be the main approach. Usually, inspect the plant body frequently, and when pests are found, remove and treat them early to prevent spread. Scale insects can be controlled by both manual and chemical methods. If pests are found on only 1 or 2 leaf tips, they can be scraped off manually, using a sharpened thin wooden stick or a bamboo pick to remove the insect bodies. If large numbers of nymphs appear, spray with 25% phosmet emulsion at 1000 times dilution, or spray with a solution made from 40% omethoate emulsion diluted with 1000-1500 times water. Generally, 1-2 sprays can kill them.
In addition, note that earthworms can also become pests of clivia. When the clivia plant is young, its fleshy roots are very tender and weak. If there are earthworms in the potting soil, they often burrow around randomly, injuring the tender roots, destroying the clivia's ability to absorb nutrients, causing the plant to stop growing and developing or causing root rot.
The control method is: frequently check whether there are round soil pellets on the surface of the potting soil (that is, earthworm excrement). If found, immediately water with a solution made from 50% dichlorvos emulsion diluted with 1500-2000 times water. If earthworms appear and move after watering, remove them at once; repeat the same treatment one week later, and the earthworms can be completely eliminated.

Clivia variety classification and common varieties
Large-flowered clivia is a perennial herb. The fleshy roots are white and unbranched. The basal leaves are numerous, leathery, alternate, neatly arranged, fan-shaped, and evergreen. The stem is a shortened stem. The flowers are a determinate inflorescence, arranged in an umbel; the flower stalk is flat, fleshy and solid; the small flowers are stalked, funnel-shaped, and colored orange-yellow, pale yellow, orange-red, light red, deep red, etc. Immature berries are green, and turn purplish red when mature. The seeds are large and spherical.
Large-flowered clivia
Through artificial hybridization, many precious varieties have been selected and bred. In China in the 1940s, there were cultivated varieties such as Shengli, Heshang, Ranchang and Youjiang. By the 1980s, there were cultivated varieties such as Hualian Heshang, Yuantou, Chuncheng Duanye and Huang Jishi. In recent years, new varieties such as Momo Clivia, Fangye and Jinsilan have appeared. At present, cultivated varieties of clivia are distinguished according to plant size, leaf length, length-to-width ratio, leaf tip shape, visibility of veins, flower color, fruit type, etc. Overall, short and wide, thick and hard leaves, bright and glossy leaf surfaces, upright and neat growth, rounded leaf tips and raised veins are considered good varieties, and large yellow flowers are considered premium.
In Japan, foliage-type clivia is valued more than flower-type clivia, while in the United States and Europe the emphasis is on improving flower color. For this reason, Japan selected and bred variegated clivia with white stripes and yellow stripes (C. miniata cv. Variegata). The United States selected and bred 22 clivia varieties with different yellows, including Sir John Thouron, Yellow California Sunshine, Yellow Re-Bloomer, the pink Tessa, and the orange-red Sara, etc. They are expensive, with each small seedling costing from 250 to 350 US dollars.
Plants in this genus also include narrow-leaved clivia (fine-leaved clivia) and drooping clivia (so called because the flowers droop when open, as if bowing and smiling). Stemmed clivia (C. caulescens) (dark green leaves, deep orange-red flowers). Garden clivia (C. gardenii), whose red flowers have orange or yellow edges at the tips.
Subordinate classification
At present, five species of clivia have been discovered, respectively called drooping clivia (Nobilis), large-flowered clivia (miniata), fine-leaved clivia, also translated as garden clivia (gardenii), stemmed clivia (caulescens) and miraculous clivia (mirabibis). In addition, in 2004 another species called swamp clivia (Robust or swamp) was discovered in southern Natal. In other words, only the above six species of clivia are currently recognized by the South African Clivia Society.
Among them, all Chinese clivia belong to the large-flowered clivia in the genus Clivia, and the flower colors are mainly red and orange. Compared with flower art in other countries, Chinese clivia focuses on leaf art. Classified by flower series and strain, Chinese clivia belongs to the red and orange flower series of the large-flowered clivia category in the genus Clivia.
Drooping clivia
The leaves of drooping clivia are very hard and rough, ribbon-like, about 300-800 mm long and 25-50 mm wide. The leaf tips are very blunt. Its inflorescence generally has 20-60 small flowers, drooping. The flowers are mostly dark orange, with green petal tips. But there are also flowers with colors between pink-yellow and dark red. Its fruit generally contains 1-2 seeds, and the fruit skin is red; the red fruit takes 9 months to mature. Seedlings grown from seeds have very slender leaves, about 1.5 mm thick.
The growth period of drooping clivia is very long. From a seed to flowering takes 8 to 10 years, or even longer. Given the characteristics of the flowers, it is very easy to confuse with garden clivia. Precisely because its growth cycle is so long, it is boldly speculated that the "drooping clivia" once popular in China may actually have been garden clivia.

Large-flowered clivia
In its native range, the leaf width of large-flowered clivia generally does not exceed 50 mm, and rarely reaches 90 mm. Flower shapes include narrow-petaled and wide-petaled forms, like a trumpet. The inner petals are generally wider than the outer petals. Flower color is generally orange, with a yellow-white inner core. Of course, there are also flowers with colors between the yellow-white series and the dark red series. Flowers that are very pale and very dark are relatively rare. At flowering, a bud generally has about 20 flowers, and some reach 40. The berries contain 1-20 seeds, generally fewer than 10.
Garden clivia (fine-leaved clivia)
Garden clivia plants generally reach 80130 mm in height. Its leaves are bright green, 350-900 mm long and 25-60 mm wide, very narrow and long, with pointed leaf tips. The flowering period is long, from late autumn to winter. Flower color is generally orange-red, with very obvious green at the petal tips. Flower colors also include other colors between yellow and red. The flowers droop in an arc, not as strongly drooping as those of stemmed clivia and drooping clivia. Each berry contains 1-2 seeds. The fruit takes 12-15 months to mature.
Stemmed clivia
Stemmed clivia ranges in height from 500 to 1500 mm. Adult plants have an aboveground stem reaching 1 m in length, and in special cases as long as 3 m. The soft, flat and pointed leaves are arched, about 35-70 mm wide and 30-60 cm long. It generally flowers in spring and summer. The flowers droop like those of drooping clivia, are orange-red, and have green petal tips. The round red berries contain 1-4 seeds, and the berries are 9-13 mm in diameter. The seeds generally mature in winter, with a maturation period of 6 months after pollination.
Miraculous clivia
A new clivia species was discovered in South Africa's Northern Cape Province, and its name is miraculous clivia.
Miraculous clivia grows in humus in cracks on rocky mountain slopes. They either grow alone or in groups, and these places are often covered by sparse evergreen forests of African coralwood. Some miraculous clivia also grow in sunlight, but these plants often have leaf tips burned by the sun and appear water-deficient. In the morning, the vast majority of miraculous clivia are on the shady side of cliffs, and after that, until sunset, they can receive sunlight. The areas where miraculous clivia grows generally have a semi-arid Mediterranean climate, and often experience a rainy period in winter.
The leaves of miraculous clivia all have a white stripe in the center, which distinguishes it from other clivia species. Moreover, its seeds need only 5 months to mature, while other clivia varieties do not. For example, the seeds of large-flowered clivia need a 12-month maturation period, the seeds of fine-leaved clivia need 15 months, and stemmed clivia and drooping clivia need about 9 months.
Miraculous clivia is a newly discovered species, and its identity was only formally confirmed in February 2001. This clivia is still in a specially protected natural area, and apart from Oorlogskloof Nature Reserve, no other place has been found with communities of miraculous clivia. Therefore, the number of cultivated miraculous clivia is still very small. When cultivating miraculous clivia, note that it likes soil rich in humus and a semi-shaded environment. Given its preference for semi-arid conditions, it should be given a fairly dry environment in summer.
Swamp clivia
Swamp clivia was not formally confirmed as a species until 2004. Like other clivia, this clivia is native to South Africa. It often grows in sandy acidic soil. According to relevant introductory articles, this clivia is "commonly found in forest-covered areas, often located in or near swamp areas; some communities also grow on riverbanks or beneath cliffs, places often rich in humus soil. In swamp areas, swamp clivia appears in large communities, and some plants, supported by their root systems, can reach 1.8 m tall, while in relatively dry areas the plants are noticeably shorter and stouter."
Swamp clivia is the largest species of clivia, capable of growing to 1.8 m tall; in swamp areas, a very few root systems can reach 4.5 m long! The leaves of swamp clivia are flexible and have smooth edges; the leaf tips are rounded, and there is a pale white stripe in the center of the leaf. Leaf length is often between 30-120 cm, width is often between 3-9 cm, and the leaf base is often pigmentless.
Swamp clivia generally flowers from March to August (autumn and winter in South Africa). The inflorescence generally has 15-40 small orange-red, drooping tubular flowers with green petal tips. The pedicels go from red to green. Its fruit is spherical and red, generally with no more than 4 seeds in the fruit, and the fruit maturation period reaches 12 months.

Winter management of clivia
Clivia is native to South Africa and is a perennial evergreen herbaceous flower. It likes warm and cool climates, fears high temperatures and severe cold, goes dormant in summer, and grows in autumn and winter. Therefore, strengthening winter management is the key to cultivation. Clivia must be grown in special clivia soil.
The key points are as follows:
1. Fertilization. Clivia has the fastest vegetative growth in winter and needs the most nutrients, so applying winter fertilizer well is very important. Before bringing the flower pot indoors, apply bone meal, fried sesame, cooked soybeans, etc., or compound fertilizer every 15 to 20 days diluted in water, or water the roots with soak liquid from animal and plant residues. Fertilizer must be fully decomposed and applied lightly to prevent concentrated fertilizer from causing damage.
2. Watering. Clivia has fleshy roots and likes air but fears waterlogging. In addition, clivia leaves have a waxy layer, and winter temperatures are low, so transpiration and evaporation of water are low. Therefore, watering should not be excessive; simply water together with fertilization and keep the potting soil moist. Never flood-irrigate, which can cause root rot and plant death.
3. Heat preservation. The most suitable growth temperature for clivia is 15°C to 25°C; growth stops at 10°C, and freezing damage occurs at 0°C. Therefore, in winter it must be kept warm and protected from freezing. After the flower stem emerges, maintaining about 18°C is suitable. If the temperature is too high, leaves and flower scapes become leggy, thin and weak, flowers are small and poor in quality, and the flowering period is short; if the temperature is too low, the flower stem is short, and it is prone to "clamping the arrow" and early flowering, affecting quality and reducing ornamental value.
4. Light adjustment. Clivia likes scattered light and avoids direct strong light. When cared for indoors in winter, the flower pot should be placed in a place with sufficient light. Especially before flowering, there should be good light, which helps the flower buds develop plump and strong. After flowering, appropriately lower the temperature, avoid strong light, and maintain good ventilation, which helps prolong the flowering period.
5. Protect the leaves. Fat leaves make strong flowers, and green leaves make bright flowers. Short, broad, thick, green, glossy and upright leaves are the characteristics of healthy clivia and the basis for promoting flowering and improving ornamental value. To maintain strong leaf quality, in addition to providing reasonable fertilizer and water, the leaf surface must be kept clean to improve photosynthetic efficiency. Methods for protecting leaves: first, regularly wash the leaves, spraying and rinsing with the same clean water or wiping dust from polluted leaves to keep the leaf surface clean; second, spray fungicides in time to prevent leaf spot, leaf blight and stem rot, ensuring green leaves and brilliant flowers.

The uses and purposes of clivia
Clivia is a high-grade precious flower. Its Latin name contains the meanings of wealth, nobility, beauty and magnificence. China's Ciyuan says, "A person of talent and virtue is a junzi." The naming of clivia implies that it has the character and elegance of a junzi among people. The value of clivia refers to the relationship between human needs and the attributes of clivia, that is, clivia can satisfy people's many needs such as beautifying the home, cultivating character, purifying air and improving health, making your home display an elegant and luxurious style, and adding splendor and charm to enriching and adjusting people's lives.

Ornamental value
Flowers are the essence of nature, and clivia is a rare flower among thousands. Large-flowered clivia has a dignified and beautiful plant shape, verdant and upright leaves, large and brilliantly colored flowers, and bright red fruits. Leaves, flowers and fruits are all beautiful, and it is known for flowers in one season, fruits in three seasons, and leaves in all four seasons. Its flowering period lasts as long as forty or fifty days, and it can bloom in early spring, making it an important festival flower.
Clivia is a perennial evergreen herbaceous plant, but it is not an ordinary grass; it is a treasure grass, just as a diamond is not an ordinary stone but a gem. Clivia is a rare flower and exotic plant. Its rarity lies in its excellent leaves, flowers and fruits, with leaf appreciation surpassing flower viewing. "Though many flowers are good, ask none; only the junzi surpasses all." Other flowers "always have their time to bloom and fall," and one must "store fragrance for next year," making it hard for people to be captivated for long. But clivia leaves can be appreciated every month, every day, every moment, giving people enjoyment of beauty.
Chinese clivia has wonderfully beautiful sword-shaped leaves, layered in a verdant fan; standing in pairs, bright in color. The lower part of the leaves forms a pseudobulb woven from leaf sheaths; some resemble an exquisite pagoda, some resemble a golden ingot; and the leaf tips have various shapes, some like ovals, some like semicircles drawn with a compass. The leaf surface is even more beautiful: some look like black pearls scattered on a jasper plate, some like green gems inlaid on a yellow golden plate, forming one brilliant and colorful pattern after another.
Chinese clivia has jade-like flower scapes, graceful flower posture; regular flower shape, brilliant and colorful; umbel inflorescence, elegant and bold; fresh and beautiful flower color, unmatched by other flowers. Among its oily green and glossy leaves, bright trumpet-shaped flowers appear, like soldiers in green uniforms playing a spring symphony in all directions. The bright petals are infused with apricot yellow, the base is milky white, and the corolla also shows bright red and other colors, glistening and mutually illuminating, like an ancient jade maiden, beautiful and moving. Especially when reflecting the spring sunlight, it sparkles dazzlingly and is exceptionally enchanting.
The purpose of clivia flowering is pollination, fertilization, fruit setting and seed formation into berries to reproduce. The fruit takes about 8-9 months of growth before it can change from small to large and from green to red, and only then can the seeds mature. Therefore, clivia is said to be appreciated for its fruit in three seasons. The fruits of variegated clivia are even more colorful and truly beautiful.
Viewed overall, clivia forms a line from the side and looks like an open fan from the front. Some resemble a peacock spreading its tail, some like a roc spreading its wings, making people never tire of looking and lingering, comparable to famous paintings and rivaling handicrafts. But any famous painting or handicraft can be mass-reproduced and imitated, while clivia (except for offsets) cannot be reproduced or imitated, and no identical second plant can be found. Clivia is like people: even with the same parents, their offspring are not all the same. This is the wonder within wonders of clivia.
Another wonder of clivia is that it needs no special cultivation; its flowers bloom in winter, during Christmas, New Year's Day and the Spring Festival, and the flowering period is long. Outside there is ice and snow, silver-clad; indoors there are green leaves and red flowers, full of spring vitality, giving people a feeling of joy and pleasure, and heightening the festive and lively atmosphere. Rows of neat and beautiful leaves on both sides cluster around the sturdy flower scape supporting a mass of fiery red flowers, with dozens of small flowers like trumpets sounding in all directions. It tells people that this is truly: "When my flower blooms, all other flowers die."
Clivia has yet another wonder: it can live over a hundred years and seem immortal. Although it is a perennial plant, after decades of cultivation, a section of its rhizome can still be cut away for rejuvenation, making it young again and full of vigor. Precisely because of its extremely strong vitality and immortal wonder, it is called the flower of long life and eternal spring, and people dare to spend tens of thousands or hundreds of thousands in huge sums to buy a premium clivia for viewing and cultivation. Also, because clivia blooms in winter (especially during festivals), low-priced lower-grade clivia is also welcomed by countless households. In addition, in recent years some young girls have treated clivia fresh cut flowers as a symbol of eternal youth and immortality, giving them to their beloved.
Among the clivia family, striped variegated clivia are magical; their leaf art gives them myriad charms, countless elegant postures, incomparable beauty and indescribable wonder. As the diamond among flowers, she is beautiful but not seductive, noble but not arrogant. Whoever owns her owns enjoyment of beauty, status and wealth. She is the hope and sought-after item of clivia today and in the future. Appreciating her beauty lies in: (among other standards) more color is superior, less is inferior; evenness is superior, disorder is inferior. Striped clivia is a pride of the clivia family both in China and abroad. Its leaf surface clearly shows distribution of green, yellow, white, light green, dark green, gray and other colors. Green and yellow (white) are distinct, bright and charming, with a sense of three-dimensionality, transparency and freshness, and extremely high ornamental value.

Environmental value
1. Clivia has the function of absorbing carbon dioxide and releasing oxygen
As everyone knows, the natural cycles of water, carbon, nitrogen and oxygen are basic factors in forming a good living environment and maintaining ecological balance. Under normal circumstances, the carbon dioxide content in air is three ten-thousandths, and the oxygen content is 21%; maintaining this constant ratio is the result of photosynthesis by green plants. China's first Indoor Air Quality Standard was formally implemented on March 1, 2003, clearly proposing the requirement that "indoor air should be non-toxic, harmless and free of abnormal odors," and stipulating control of chemical pollution, physical pollution, biological pollution and radioactive pollution, among which the daily average standard value for CO2 is 0.1%. But an adult exhales one kilogram of carbon dioxide every day and absorbs 0.75 kilograms of oxygen; more seriously, air pollution makes the ratio of carbon dioxide and oxygen in the air far exceed the above standards. Plants, evergreen plants and clivia play a very good role in changing this situation, eliminating air pollution, reducing radioactive substances and bacteria, lowering noise, maintaining ecological balance and carrying out environmental protection.

Why can clivia purify air? This is determined by the tissue structure and physiological functions of its plant body. The clivia plant body is composed of many cells, and in each cell there is a micro-battery. According to measurements by relevant experts, there is a potential difference of 70-80 millivolts inside and outside each clivia cell. Under the action of sunlight, the micro-batteries in the mesophyll cells of this clivia tissue can emit high-energy electrons, and then carry out photophosphorylation. This is the role of matter, that is, plant photosynthesis, in which chlorophyll absorbs carbon dioxide and water under sunlight and synthesizes oxygen.
During growth and development, although clivia can absorb water and mineral nutrients from the soil to synthesize organic substances (such as amino acids, amides, etc.), this is still not enough for its entire physiological activity; it must use sunlight, temperature, carbon dioxide and water for photosynthesis. This is of extremely important significance to the growth and development of clivia, beautifying the home, purifying indoor air and improving people's health.
2. Clivia has the function of absorbing dust
There are some suspended solid or gaseous particles in urban air, such as industrial dust, coal-burning smoke and dust raised from bare soil surfaces, some of which also carry microorganisms. They can cause various diseases or allergic reactions in humans and harm people's health. In recent years, environmental protection departments have also detected some carcinogenic substances in the air, which is a major public nuisance in people's lives.
The clivia plant body, especially its broad and thick leaves, has many stomata and hairs and can secrete large amounts of mucus. Through air circulation, it can absorb large amounts of dust, dirt and harmful gases, filter indoor air, reduce the dust content in indoor spaces and make the air clean. Therefore, clivia is praised by people as an ideal "absorption machine" and "dust remover."
When you are among pots of brilliant clivia flowers, you will feel the air fresh, your body and mind comfortable, and your energy abundant. Where is the mystery? It is because clivia can purify air and has high ecological value.
Beautifying the home
Chinese clivia has the characteristics of year-round verdant green, the strongest shade tolerance, and suitability for indoor cultivation. It is an ideal plant for decorating halls, rooms, pavilions and offices, and an excellent choice for beautifying parks. It is praised by people as a living handicraft and "money flower." Using it to beautify the home is a beautiful symbol of spiritual civilization and material wealth.
Clivia can not only absorb harmful gases, reduce noise, kill bacteria and create a comfortable living environment, but also cultivate character, improve health and raise cultural and artistic literacy. Place clivia in the living room or study, on a desk or tea table, or in front of a windowsill or balcony. Under sunlight or lamplight, its leaves will glisten, stirring emotion and making your home full of vitality and ever-green scenery. If a round flower pot is placed on a writing desk, tea table, dressing table or modular cabinet, a saucer can be placed under the pot. This is not only beautiful, but also prevents water overflowing from the bottom of the pot from staining furniture during cultivation and management. Flowering clivia can be placed between two single sofas to increase people's visual and comfortable feeling. Between small pots on a desk, some handicrafts with high ornamental value can also be appropriately placed, and colored lights can be installed if necessary. In this way, not only does the clivia stand gracefully in the colored light, fresh and bright, but it also adds artistic and natural beauty to your home. Good flowers deserve good pots. When using clivia to beautify the home, pay attention to the choice of pot material. Clivia has fleshy roots and likes earthenware clay pots with good permeability. But this kind of clay pot is rough and not beautiful enough indoors. Jingdezhen porcelain pots or Yixing purple clay pots can be used; as long as the soil (leaf mold or peat soil) has good permeability, it can also be grown well.

Economic value
Marxist economics tells us that any commodity is a unity of use value and value. Use value is the property by which a commodity can satisfy a certain human need. Value is undifferentiated human labor condensed in commodities, the expenditure of human physical and mental power. The magnitude of a commodity's value is determined by the socially necessary labor time for producing that commodity, and commodity exchange must be based on value magnitude and carry out equivalent exchange. This is the basic content of the law of value. Price is the monetary expression of value, which is what we usually call commodity prices. The market determines price, that is, price is determined by value and, affected by supply and demand, fluctuates around value. These principles also apply to the commodity clivia.
Use value is the material bearer of value and belongs to the quality issue of a commodity. According to the clivia appreciation and evaluation standards formulated by the China Clivia Association, clivia quality can be roughly divided into five grades: rare, premium, high-grade, mid-grade and low-grade. Rare clivia is extremely difficult to breed through hybridization. It is not one in a hundred or one in a thousand, but one in ten thousand. Its pollen can serve as the male parent for clivia of a certain grade, improving the quality and grade of the next generation, making it possible to breed rare offspring similar in grade to the male parent. Therefore, the value of pollen as a male parent is considerable. At 1000 yuan per pollen stick (in reality, transactions above 2000 yuan per stick occur), an adult plant can bloom about twenty flowers each time, and each flower has six pollen sticks (stamens), so each rare clivia plant can produce about 100 pollen sticks per flowering. If all are sold, it can bring 100,000 yuan. And the seedlings it produces are at least about 100. The price of its seedlings is also above a thousand yuan. Rare clivia not only has extremely high ornamental value itself, but can also be used as a male parent to improve the grade of other clivia offspring, and as a female parent to produce rare next-generation plants. Rare clivia has high technological content; its cultivation consumes large amounts of mental and physical effort; and moreover, things are precious when rare. Therefore, its price is also quite high. Conversely, the price of low-grade clivia is much lower. According to China's current national economic development, national living standards and the supply-demand relationship for clivia, the prices of adult clivia of various grades ranging from dozens of yuan to hundreds of thousands of yuan are understandable.
Nowadays, people regard clivia as a "green stock" - low risk, high return. It is small in size and high in value per plant, so the area required for the same investment is much smaller; it is suitable for opening and closing seasons and easy to plant and keep alive, and can be cultivated well in spare time; it has strong vitality, and sales are not limited by time, as it can be sold in all four seasons. The return on investment goes without saying. Looking at the domestic market, clivia has a large number of enthusiasts all over the country, and enthusiasm for growing clivia is relatively high. The domestic market for clivia is quite huge, and its development potential cannot be estimated. Looking at the international market, the development prospects for clivia are equally bright. At flower expos held in Hong Kong, China, clivia has won grand prizes many times. At the Third International Expo, clivia sales stood proudly above all others. In the 1995 statistics on the output value of various flowers made by the Dutch government, clivia was one of the 13 potted plant types with the largest output value. All this indicates that Chinese clivia has a good future international market.
At present, China has entered a new stage of building a moderately prosperous society in all respects and accelerating socialist modernization. Chinese clivia must face modernization, face the world and face the future. With China's accession to the WTO and the continuous deepening of opening up, we must bring the precious clivia we cultivate into the international market and export large quantities to earn foreign exchange. We must take the important thought of the "Three Represents" as the fundamental guide, unite and cooperate, and work hard.
Clivia is a famous greenhouse flower. China has two species introduced from Europe and Japan. The former has small drooping flowers and is called drooping clivia; the latter has large upward flowers and is called large-flowered clivia, and is currently the most commonly cultivated species.
The flowers of clivia are not as magnificent as peonies, nor as fragrant as jasmine, and even less colorful and graceful than Chinese roses. But its leaves are verdant and glossy, and its upward flowers resemble torches, with orange-red color, dignified and generous. It is an ideal potted flower for beautifying the environment. Drooping clivia has drooping flowers, restrained and deep, elegant and solemn, with a different charm.

Clivia's dietary therapy or medicinal value
The medical information and health dietary therapy information on Hugarden are for reference only and cannot be used as a basis for diagnosis or medical treatment. For any health problem, consult professional medical personnel, and for the treatment of any disease, follow a doctor's advice.
Ultimate flower-protecting task: Love yourself, start from reality, and strictly follow a doctor's advice. For illness, do not be careless, do not delay, do not give up hope, face it bravely, warm the silent world with love, and care for the flower field in your heart with your heart.
Medicinal value
Clivia is both ornamental and appreciable, and the whole plant can be used as medicine. In addition to beautifying the environment, it also has certain medicinal value. The clivia plant body contains lycorine and clidine, and also contains the trace element selenium. Now pharmaceutical workers use clivia plant bodies containing these chemical components for scientific research, and they have already been used to treat cancer, hepatitis, cirrhotic ascites and poliovirus, etc. Experiments have proved that lycorine extracted from clivia leaves and roots not only has antiviral effects, but also anticancer effects.
Experiments have confirmed that the anticancer activity of lycorine is mainly manifested as obvious inhibition of aerobic or anaerobic glycolysis of cancer cells. The positively charged quaternary ammonium salt in lycorine can combine with negatively charged tumor cells, while the negatively charged phenolic ion group can enter positively charged tumor cells, thereby producing an anticancer effect.
Lycorine is mainly used in the treatment of digestive tract tumors, such as gastric cancer, liver cancer, esophageal cancer, etc., and also has a certain curative effect on lymphoma and lung cancer. On February 18, 1985, Changchun Clivia News published a report saying that a liver cancer patient recovered from the brink of death after taking clivia decoction, which is a good example. In addition to the above effects, lycorine also has a relatively obvious emetic effect, stronger than that of ipecac. At the same time, lycorine has low toxicity and can be used as an emetic for various types of poisoning.

The species origin of clivia
In September 1815, the intrepid natural scientist William Burchell scientifically collected clivia for the first time at the source of the Great Fish River in South Africa's Eastern Cape Province. Then, around 1820, James Bowie collected some clivia at the same location and shipped them to Britain. In 1828, John Lindley named it CLIVIA in honor of Charlotte Florentine Clive, Duchess of Northumberland, England.
At present, there are a total of five types of clivia, namely: drooping, large-flowered, fine-leaved, stemmed and miraculous. In addition, there is another unique clivia, swamp clivia, recently discovered in KwaZulu-Natal.

Clivia as national flower and city flower
Clivia is the provincial flower of Jilin.
The cultural background and cultural value of clivia
Chinese clivia is a flower of noble character and restrained standing. It not only has many external beauties such as a dignified plant, regular flower shape, graceful flower posture, bright flower color and red bright fruit, but also has a profound inner beauty. People love Chinese clivia for its simplicity and purity, placing infinite deep feeling in it, lodging emotion in it and using it to convey emotion. This is an appreciation of clivia at a higher level.
Chinese clivia has a spirit of unity and struggle. The roots, stems and leaves and other vegetative organs of clivia each have different functions. The leaves grow densely on the short, thick rhizome, and the leaf sheaths overlap one another. They are closely united and struggle together, creating brilliant and colorful appearance and giving people enjoyment of beauty. The strong and upright leaves stretch diagonally upward from the base, neither bending nor bowing, symbolizing an upright and unyielding spirit and giving people strong confidence to flourish and strive forward.
Chinese clivia has a spirit of courage to innovate. After clivia shifts to reproductive growth, it blooms and bears fruit, reproduces, and continuously produces new plants. Its vitality is extremely strong. Pulled from the soil, it will not die for one or two months; if the roots all rot, it can grow new roots; if the head is cut off, it can still sprout and continuously grow fresh and upright leaves. At the same time, bud mutations appearing in asexual reproduction can be used to cultivate novel varieties, such as the twin conjoined variegated clivia and triple conjoined green clivia on the homepage. It inspires people: always strive upward, struggle tenaciously, advance with the times, and open up and innovate.
Chinese clivia has a tough and selfless character. It has extremely strong tenacity; its guard-like leaves can survive in harsh environments. In the severe cold of winter with piercing wind, it buds and blooms proudly, letting people know spring in winter and see the colors of spring amid severe cold. The saying "red flowers and green leaves announce the spring wind" refers to this character. Clivia spares no effort and dedicates its brightness and beauty to people.
Chinese clivia has an elegant and refined posture. Its emerald green and graceful sword-shaped leaves, rich and full flower appearance, brilliant colors and delicate petals are dazzling when in full bloom, with an atmosphere of passionate dancing and delicate glowing light, making people relaxed and happy and invigorated, and symbolizing sweetness, wealth and happiness.
Chinese clivia has a quiet and simple elegance. With its distinctive quiet and elegant demeanor, clivia represents lofty virtue. It can cultivate a person's temperament and is a kind of spiritual food. Its charming and beautiful posture, catching sleeves and garments, comforts people, makes you attached, and leads you to love life. Using it to decorate a room will make the whole room shine. Especially on New Year's Day or the Spring Festival, it will add happiness and joy to your beautiful life.
Domestic market
The clivia cultivated in China includes two types: drooping clivia (also called fine-leaved clivia) and large-flowered clivia (also called upward-flowered clivia). Drooping clivia is propagated most in Beijing and nearby areas. Its leaves are relatively narrow, dark green, 50-90 cm long, the corolla opening is relatively small, and the many small flowers in the inflorescence are all bell-shaped and hang downward; large-flowered clivia is propagated most in Hebei Province. Its notable features are short and wide leaves, a thick and long flower scape, a relatively large opening umbrella-shaped corolla, and upward-facing flowers, with relatively high ornamental value.
The flower reflects the person
If you like this flower, you are a calm-thinking person with strong observation ability, but you may be rather impulsive emotionally and prone to love at first sight. You are very devoted to love; once you become a captive of love, you can sacrifice and dedicate yourself. But a relationship that is too passionate and intense does not suit you.

The flower language of clivia
The flower language of clivia: noble, with the demeanor of a junzi. A junzi is modest, gentle and courteous, talented but not arrogant, successful but not proud, and living in a valley but not self-abased.
Symbolic meaning
Its thick, smooth leaves stand upright like swords, symbolizing a noble character of strength, firmness and unyielding majesty; its full flower appearance and brilliant colors symbolize wealth, auspiciousness, prosperity and happiness, so people widely cultivate it. In recent years, China has cultivated more than 160 precious clivia varieties, and it is a common flower variety in ordinary households.
Clivia is particularly loved not only because of its bright and lovely flowers, but also because it has an advantage unmatched by other flowers: it has both pleasing flowers and leaves worth appreciating, which are emerald green and glossy, as if waxed, crystal clear and dazzling. Therefore, many flower appreciation experts believe that even without charming flowers, clivia's leaves, as if carved from jasper, are already beyond the reach of some foliage plants.
Clivia pictures