What are the symptoms of downy mildew in stock (Matthiola incana)?

Downy mildew is a major disease of stock. This disease affects the host's leaves, tender shoots and flowers. In the early stage, pale green spots appear on the leaf surface, which later turn into yellow spots. On the corresponding underside of the leaves, a white downy mildew layer grows. After the tender shoots and flowers are infected, they often become stunted or deformed. When the damage is severe, the leaves wilt and droop, and the whole plant dies.

Stock planting tips

1. Propagation characteristics

Stock also propagates by seed; through sowing, it then takes root and sprouts, flowers and sets seed. Stock is cold-tolerant and afraid of high temperatures, and belongs to the winter and spring plants, with sowing starting after September each year. Seedlings emerge after half a month, and flowering takes about 3 months.

2. Soil requirements

Stock prefers neutral to slightly alkaline soil. In acidic soil, it is very difficult for it to sprout, and the seeds will even rot. In addition, the soil must drain well; if too much water accumulates, it will also cause the seeds to rot, or cause the roots of already sprouted stock to rot.

3. Temperature requirements

Stock is a cold-loving plant and can only grow well in places with low temperatures and good ventilation. In places with relatively high temperatures or relatively dry air, it is very prone to pests and diseases. Stock is cold-tolerant and does not like shade; simply plant it in a place with relatively good light.

4. Cultivation requirements

After planting stock, it needs to be watered from time to time, taking care that the amount of water is not too large; after stock takes root and sprouts, after some time a little flower fertilizer needs to be added to supplement the nutrients in the soil. When loosening the soil, be sure to be careful and do not damage the roots and stems, because stock is a taproot plant. When the plant grows larger, pay attention to pest prevention; stock is susceptible to many pests and diseases, which must be controlled promptly.

Once you have mastered the correct stock planting method and understand how to grow stock, you can grow beautiful stock flowers. Placing these plants on the bedroom windowsill or balcony also makes a beautiful sight. They add a decorative touch to our rooms, but stock can also get sick, so how do you prevent and control stock pests and diseases?

Stock pest and disease control

Common pests and diseases of stock include downy mildew, fusarium wilt, verticillium wilt, mosaic disease, leaf spot disease, etc., as well as diseases caused by aphids. If you don't look, you don't know; once you look, it really gives you a fright - such a small plant can have so many kinds of diseases. So how do you prevent and control stock pests and diseases? What are the correct methods?

1. Control of downy mildew

This disease mainly starts when pathogens in the soil infect the roots; sowing too densely or poor drainage will trigger this disease. The symptoms are pale green spots appearing on the leaves, later turning yellow, with a white downy layer on the underside. The control method is: make the sowing spacing of stock slightly larger, ensure good ventilation, pay attention to drainage, and keep the water content in the soil at an appropriate level. For plants that have already contracted the disease, they need to be removed promptly, and a little fungicide aqueous solution should be sprayed around them.

2. Control of fusarium wilt

Fusarium wilt is caused by Fusarium oxysporum. Its symptoms are: the plant becomes shorter and stunted, the leaves of young plants have obvious veins, and larger plants show drooping leaves. Control method: soak the seeds in warm water at 50-55 degrees for a few minutes to kill the pathogens, and the soil can be disinfected with a 1000-fold potassium permanganate solution before planting. For plants that have already contracted the disease, they need to be removed promptly.

3. Control of mosaic disease

Mosaic disease is caused by turnip mosaic virus, transmitted by aphids and also spread through sap. Control method: plants that have already contracted the disease need to be isolated promptly, then treated with the botanical insecticide 1.2% nicotine anabasine at a 2000~4000-fold solution to kill the virus.

4. Control of pests

Pests are mainly caused by aphids. Aphids pierce into the plant tissues with their mouthparts to suck sap, causing yellow spots or black spots at the affected parts, while the affected leaves later shrivel and fall off, and the flower buds also become deformed. Control method: remove the weeds around the plants and spray a 40% dimethoate or omethoate 1000-1500-fold solution to kill the insects.

The control of the several stock pests and diseases above covers only the more common plant diseases now; there are other plant diseases that everyone needs to learn about and do a good job of preventing and controlling. Prevent and control pests and diseases promptly, so that stock can grow healthily and bloom beautiful flowers; while you enjoy the beautiful scenery, you also gain a little sense of accomplishment.

After reading the above introduction on stock planting tips and pest and disease control, do you have a better understanding of stock planting tips? If you want to know more about stock planting tips, please keep following.

How to prevent and control stock pests and diseases: tips for preventing plant diseases

Common pests and diseases of stock include downy mildew, fusarium wilt, verticillium wilt, mosaic disease, leaf spot disease, etc., as well as diseases caused by aphids. If you don't look, you don't know; once you look, it really gives you a fright - such a small plant can have so many kinds of diseases. So how do you prevent and control stock pests and diseases? What are the correct methods? Let's find out together.

1. Control of downy mildew
This disease mainly starts when pathogens in the soil infect the roots; sowing too densely or poor drainage will trigger this disease. The symptoms are pale green spots appearing on the leaves, later turning yellow, with a white downy layer on the underside. The control method is: make the sowing spacing of stock slightly larger, ensure good ventilation, pay attention to drainage, and keep the water content in the soil at an appropriate level. For plants that have already contracted the disease, they need to be removed promptly, and a little fungicide aqueous solution should be sprayed around them.

2. Control of fusarium wilt
Fusarium wilt is caused by Fusarium oxysporum. Its symptoms are: the plant becomes shorter and stunted, the leaves of young plants have obvious veins, and larger plants show drooping leaves. Control method: soak the seeds in warm water at 50-55 degrees for a few minutes to kill the pathogens, and the soil can be disinfected with a 1000-fold potassium permanganate solution before planting. For plants that have already contracted the disease, they need to be removed promptly.

3. Control of mosaic disease
Mosaic disease is caused by turnip mosaic virus, transmitted by aphids and also spread through sap. Control method: plants that have already contracted the disease need to be isolated promptly, then treated with the botanical insecticide 1.2% nicotine anabasine at a 2000~4000-fold solution to kill the virus.

4. Control of pests
Pests are mainly caused by aphids. Aphids pierce into the plant tissues with their mouthparts to suck sap, causing yellow spots or black spots at the affected parts, while the affected leaves later shrivel and fall off, and the flower buds also become deformed. Control method: remove the weeds around the plants and spray a 40% dimethoate or omethoate 1000-1500-fold solution to kill the insects.
The control of the several stock pests and diseases above covers only the more common plant diseases now; there are other plant diseases that everyone needs to learn about and do a good job of preventing and controlling. Prevent and control pests and diseases promptly, so that stock can grow healthily and bloom beautiful flowers; while you enjoy the beautiful scenery, you also gain a little sense of accomplishment.