How to grow Clivia caulescens? Beginners need to master these tips
Clivia blooms in beautiful clusters, but Clivia is not easy to keep alive. Some people like Clivia but do not know how to grow it, and feel very regretful about this. Today the editor will tell everyone about the growing methods for Clivia caulescens
Friends who usually like to study or grow flowers and plants probably have some understanding of Clivia. It belongs to a plant with very high ornamental value, so many people like to grow this plant at home. This plant also has multiple varieties, and one relatively rare variety is Clivia caulescens. Its leaves are broad and thick, and its color is emerald green, so the flowers it produces are also very bright.
Next, the editor will lead everyone to get to know Clivia caulescens, and by the way introduce how to grow Clivia caulescens better! If you want to grow it successfully, then do not miss the practical content that follows.
I. What is Clivia caulescens
This plant is a rare natural variety of Clivia, and it was discovered relatively late. It is mainly produced in South Africa. Because it likes to grow in soil containing relatively much sand, and it was first discovered in a swamp area, it is called Clivia caulescens.
Clivia caulescens grows relatively fast and has high fertilizer requirements. If proper water supplementation is not managed during its care, it will be unable to grow normally. Next, let us look at the tips for growing Clivia caulescens.
II. How to grow Clivia caulescens
1. Soil
Soil determines whether a plant can grow normally, so when choosing soil, you must attach great importance to it. When planting Clivia caulescens, you should choose soil rich in humus, fertile, and with good air permeability and water permeability, which is beneficial to the respiration of the plant's roots. In addition, some sandy soil should also be mixed into the prepared soil, as this helps the plant develop roots.
2. Suitable light
Almost all plants cannot do without sunlight, and Clivia caulescens is the same. This plant is a sun-loving plant, so it needs sufficient sunlight during its growth. The suitable light condition for the plant is half shade and half sun, so a shade shed can be built for the plant, and it is best to choose shade material with holes. This can both block sunlight and give it enough sunlight.
3. Temperature
The condition for normal growth of Clivia caulescens requires suitable temperature, generally 15-25 degrees is more suitable. But in the hot summer, attention should be paid to avoiding heat, and it is recommended that everyone build a shade shed for the plant. Otherwise, the leaves can easily become very narrow and long, thus affecting the ornamental effect. When the temperature is below 5 degrees, the plant will stop growing and enter a dormant period. Therefore, when planting the plant, try not to let the temperature fall below 10 degrees.
4. Watering
When growing Clivia caulescens, attention should also be paid to the timing of watering, and watering should be done before sunrise and after sunset as much as possible. Generally, water the plant once every three to five days in winter, and once every one to two days in spring and autumn. In the hot summer, the frequency of watering should be appropriately increased, and proper watering every day is enough.
5. Fertilizer
Although Clivia caulescens likes fertilizer, too much fertilizer can easily harm it. Therefore, the usual fertilizing principle should follow "light fertilizer, frequent application," so that the growth of the plant can be better promoted.
Generally, in spring and autumn, apply fermented solid fertilizer once a month, and apply liquid fertilizer once a week. In winter and summer, try not to add extra fertilizer, or in winter you can apply solid material once to the plant, applying more potassium fertilizer and phosphorus fertilizer, and try not to apply nitrogen fertilizer.
Clivia Clivia miniata Clivia illustrated guide: how to grow Clivia / how to propagate Clivia
Clivia profileClivia Clivia miniata
Aliases: large-flowered Clivia, large-leaved stone garlic, sword-leaved stone garlic, Damulan
Classification: Orchidaceae flowers
Family and genus: Plantae, Angiosperms, Monocotyledons, Liliales, Amaryllidaceae, Clivia genus
Full bloom period: spring
Clivia is a perennial herbaceous plant of the genus Clivia in the Amaryllidaceae family. The flowering period lasts 30-50 days, mainly in winter and spring, and it also blooms around New Year's Day to the Spring Festival. It dislikes strong light and is a semi-shade plant. It likes cool conditions and dislikes high temperatures. The suitable growth temperature is 15-25°C, and below 5°C it stops growing. It likes thick, well-drained soil and moist soil, and dislikes dry environments. Clivia has very high ornamental value. Its plant is elegant and handsome, with the bearing of a gentleman, and its flowers are like orchids, hence the name. The roots are fleshy and fibrous, the leaf base forms a pseudobulb, and the leaves are sword-shaped, up to 45 cm long, alternately arranged, and entire. The umbel inflorescence is terminal, and each flower...
Clivia growing methods and precautions Clivia introduction
Clivia is a perennial herbaceous plant of the genus Clivia in the Amaryllidaceae family. The flowering period lasts 30-50 days, mainly in winter and spring, and it also blooms around New Year's Day to the Spring Festival. It dislikes strong light and is a semi-shade plant. It likes cool conditions and dislikes high temperatures. The suitable growth temperature is 15-25°C, and below 5°C it stops growing. It likes thick, well-drained soil and moist soil, and dislikes dry environments. Clivia has very high ornamental value.
Its plant is elegant and handsome, with the bearing of a gentleman, and its flowers are like orchids, hence the name. The roots are fleshy and fibrous, the leaf base forms a pseudobulb, and the leaves are sword-shaped, up to 45 cm long, alternately arranged, and entire. The umbel inflorescence is terminal, and each inflorescence has 7-30 small flowers, with some reaching more than 40 flowers. The small flowers have stalks and are arranged in an umbel at the top of the flower. The flowers are funnel-shaped, upright, and yellow or orange-yellow.
Clivia flowers and leaves are beautiful and elegant, and it is also shade-tolerant. It is suitable for indoor potted display, for foliage and flowers, and is also an ideal potted flower for arranging venues and decorating hotel environments. It also has the function of purifying air and medicinal value.
Clivia can bloom all year round, mainly in spring and summer. The fruit ripening period is around October.
Morphological characteristics of Clivia
The roots of Clivia are fleshy and fibrous, milky white, and very thick and strong. The root system is thick and large, with a very fleshy texture. The persistent leaf bases at the stem base of Clivia expand and clasp each other to form a pseudobulb shape. The leaves emerge in two rows from the shortened stem at the root, arranged neatly, broad and strap-shaped, with rounded tips, hard and thick texture, and with luster and veins. The basal leaves are thick, sword-shaped, leathery, dark green, glossy, strap-shaped, 30-50 cm long, up to 85 cm at the longest, 3-5 cm wide, gradually narrowing below, alternately arranged, and entire.
The flower scape of Clivia is drawn out from the leaf axils. If raised from seed, it generally blooms when it reaches 15 leaves. The flower stem is about 2 cm wide; the small flowers have stalks and are arranged in an umbel at the top of the flower. The flowers are funnel-shaped, upright, yellow or orange-yellow, orange-red. The umbel inflorescence is terminal, the flowers are upright, with several imbricate bracts, and each inflorescence has 7-30 small flowers, with some reaching more than 40 flowers. The perianth segments are 6 and connate.
Clivia nobilis has slightly drooping flowers and a narrowly funnel-shaped perianth. The pedicel is 2.5-5 cm long; the flower is upright and upward, the perianth is broadly funnel-shaped, bright red, slightly yellow inside; the perianth tube is about 5 mm long, the outer perianth segment tips have a slight protrusion, the inner whorl tips are slightly concave, slightly longer than the stamens; the style is long and slightly protrudes beyond the perianth. The berry is purplish red and broadly ovate.
The full bloom period of Clivia is from New Year's Day to the Spring Festival, mainly in spring and summer. It can bloom all year round, sometimes also in winter, and sometimes in summer from June to July. The fruit ripening period is around October. It is a berry and purplish red. Clivia has beautiful flowers and leaves.
Ecological habits of Clivia
Clivia is native to the tropical regions of southern Africa and grows under trees, so it fears heat and is not cold-tolerant. It likes semi-shade and humid environments and fears strong direct sunlight. The best temperature for growth is between 18-28°C. Below 10°C or above 30°C, growth is inhibited. Clivia likes ventilated environments and likes deep, fertile, loose soil. It is suitable for growing in loose, fertile, slightly acidic organic soil. Clivia is a famous greenhouse flower and is suitable for indoor cultivation.
Roots and leaves have a certain correlation. When new roots grow, new leaves will also emerge along with them. If the roots are eliminated (rotted by waterlogging or dried to death, etc.), as long as the leaves are not wilted, pay attention during care to maintain soil moisture, and remember not to water too much, too dry, or too frequently, then the roots will regrow new root systems and the plant can survive (with proper care, new roots can be found growing in about 10 days); if the leaves are damaged, it will likewise affect the roots.
Under normal circumstances, Clivia blooms once a year, generally when there are more than twelve leaves. If the indoor cultivation temperature is suitable, it can bloom around the Spring Festival. Known as the flower of wealth and honor, Clivia generally blooms once a year after growing up. It is very rare for it to bloom twice a year, and blooming three times is rare.
A Clivia nobilis with 16 leaves was an old plant obtained during division and grew relatively strong. It was transplanted into a large flowerpot. When moving it, some charcoal and old brick fragments were placed at the bottom of the pot, and three pieces of horse hoof (horse hoof shell) were buried in as base fertilizer. Afterward, it was placed in a cool place with less sunlight, and some thin liquid fertilizer soaked from peanut bran was often applied (about once every half month). Before long, a tender shoot grew.
By the Spring Festival, it bolted and bloomed, with a flowering period of more than twenty days. After the flowers faded, liquid fertilizer was applied as a top dressing, and some peanut bran was also added. Before long, the flower scape that had not set seed was cut off. Subsequently, it grew two tender shoots. By July, it bloomed a second time, also with a flowering period of about twenty days, but the flower scape was slightly shorter than at the Spring Festival. In August the flowers faded, and liquid fertilizer was immediately applied as a top dressing. Afterward, the flower scape that had not set seed was cut off, and some liquid fertilizer, peanut bran, and soybean cake were often applied. In September, several dozen raw clams were also added as fertilizer. During high temperatures, it was placed in a ventilated indoor place. By November, it unexpectedly sent up a scape and bloomed a third time. This flowering period was also about twenty days, only with fewer flowers, just over twenty. After the flowers faded in December, I buried three more pieces of horse hoof in the flowerpot and often applied liquid fertilizer, so that it could bloom once more in February or March.
Clivia cultivation techniques Soil
Clivia is suitable for soil rich in humus. This kind of soil has good air permeability, good water permeability, and fertile texture, and is slightly acidic (pH 6.5). The general soil mix for Clivia is 6 parts leaf mold, 2 parts pine needles, 1 part river sand or furnace ash residue, and 1 part base fertilizer (hemp seed, etc.). Leaf mold mainly refers to oak leaves, also called oak. This kind of leaf is thick in texture and is a very good humus. It is nutritious and has good water permeability. Other leaves are too thin and disappear after decomposition, so they cannot be mixed with other media to prepare soil. When cultivating, use pots that gradually increase in size as the plant grows. For one-year-old seedlings, a 3-inch pot is suitable. In the second year, change to a 5-inch pot, and afterward change to a pot one size larger every 1-2 years. Repotting can be done in spring and autumn.
Watering
Clivia has relatively well-developed fleshy roots, and a certain amount of water is stored in the roots, so this flower is relatively drought-tolerant. However, even drought-tolerant flowers cannot be severely short of water, especially in summer when high temperatures are combined with dry air, when timely watering must not be forgotten. Otherwise, the roots and leaves of the flower will be damaged, causing new leaves to fail to sprout and the original leaves to scorch, which not only affects flowering but may even cause the plant to die. However, too much watering will also cause root rot. Therefore, it must be well managed, and attention should often be paid to the dryness and wetness of the potting soil. When it becomes half dry, water it once, but the amount should not be too much. Keeping the potting soil moist but not soggy is just right.
Under normal circumstances, water once a day in spring; in summer, use a fine watering can to water the leaf surface and the surrounding ground together, and on sunny days water twice a day; in autumn, water once every other day; in winter, water once a week or less. But it must be noted that this refers to "normal circumstances." It must be flexibly managed according to various specific situations. For example, water more on sunny days; water less on cloudy days, and during continuous cloudy days water once every few days; do not water on rainy days. When the temperature is high and the air is dry, water several times a day; for large flowerpots, because the soil stores more water and does not dry out easily, water less; for small flowerpots, water evaporates easily, so water an appropriate amount more. If the flowerpot is placed in a well-ventilated place where evaporation is easy, it is appropriate to water more; in places with poor ventilation, slow evaporation, and high air humidity, water less. During the seedling stage, water less; during the flowering stage, water more. In short, it should be determined according to specific conditions, with the principle of ensuring the potting soil is soft and moist, and not too dry or too damp.
If conditions permit, magnetized water is of course best; next is rainwater, snow water, or living water from rivers; next is pond water; the worst is tap water. Flower growers living in large cities only have tap water available, so they can use a small water vat or basin or bucket, put the tap water in it, and water after 2-3 days. This can allow some harmful impurities in the water to settle. In addition, it can allow the substances contained in the water to be oxidized and purified, and can bring the water temperature close to the potting soil temperature, so it will not be too cold or too hot and harm the plant.
Fertilizing
Many flowers like fertilizer, but fertilizing fertilizer-loving flowers also has a limit. Too much fertilizer is unfavorable to growth and may even cause plant root rot or scorching. Clivia also belongs to this type of plant, and appropriate fertilizing must be achieved.
Flowers have different nutrient requirements at different growth and development stages. Therefore, different fertilizing methods suitable for the plant's needs should be adopted at each period. Such as base fertilizer, top dressing, and foliar fertilization.
1) Applying base fertilizer (also called basal fertilizer)
The purpose is to create conditions for plant growth and development and meet its nutrient needs. Base fertilizer for Clivia should be applied when repotting every 2 years. Apply commonly used manure (that is, poultry and livestock manure), compost, green manure, soybean cake fertilizer, etc. into the soil.
2) Top dressing
Mainly to promote plant growth. Clivia can be given fertilizers such as cake fertilizer, fish meal, and bone meal. Apply less for newly planted plants, and later as the plant grows and the leaves increase, the amount of fertilizer should gradually increase. When fertilizing, scrape open the potting soil and apply it 2-3 cm deep into the soil, but note that the fertilizer applied should not be too close to the root system, so as not to burn the roots. Applying this kind of solid fertilizer once a month is generally enough, and it should not be more frequent.
3) Applying liquid top dressing
Liquid top dressing is made by mixing the fully decomposed supernatant liquid of soaked and fermented animal and plant materials with 30-40 times clear water, then pouring it onto the potting soil. For small seedlings, it is suitable to dilute with 40 times water; for medium seedlings, 30 times water; for large seedlings, only 20 times water. After applying the fertilizer liquid, water once with clear water 1-2 days later (the amount of water should not be too much), so that the fertilizer penetrates to the roots in the potting soil and fully exerts its fertilizing effect. Do not water 1-2 days before applying liquid fertilizer; let the potting soil be relatively dry before applying the fertilizer liquid, which is more effective. The best time to fertilize is early morning; when pouring, the fertilizer liquid should be poured along the edge of the pot, and care should be taken to avoid applying it on the plant and leaves.
In addition, the type of fertilizer should also be selected according to the different seasons. For example, in spring and winter, it is suitable to apply some phosphorus and potassium fertilizers, such as fish meal, bone meal, and hemp cake, which are beneficial to leaf vein formation and improving leaf glossiness; in autumn, it is suitable to apply some decomposed soaking liquid of animal hair, horns, hooves, or soybean cake, diluted with 30-40 times clear water before pouring, to help leaf growth.
4) Foliar top dressing
Using this method of fertilizing is mainly to make up for the lack of nutrients in the soil, to solve the problem of nutrient deficiency in the plant, so that seedlings grow faster and flowers and fruits grow plump. Foliar fertilization is spraying the diluted fertilizer liquid directly onto the plant's leaf surface with a sprayer, allowing nutrient elements to penetrate through leaf epidermal cells and stomata into the leaf tissue and then be transported throughout the plant. Commonly used fertilizer types include urea, monopotassium phosphate, and superphosphate. When spraying, spray evenly on both the front and back sides of the leaves. Spray once every 4-6 days during the growing season, once every 2 weeks during semi-dormancy, generally after sunrise, and stop application after the plant blooms. It must be noted that this method can only be used when the plant is found to be deficient in fertilizer. If the plant has sufficient nutrients and grows vigorously, it should not be used.
Later-stage management
The flowering period of Clivia is generally from February to April. After flowering, the flowering period can be prolonged by appropriately lowering the temperature, ventilating, and reducing light. The length of the Clivia flowering period can be controlled through people's cultivation techniques.
Before and after the Clivia flowering period, the following treatments should be made in cultivation management:
Fertilizing
An additional application of bone meal, well-fermented fish innards, and soybean cake water should be made, which can make the flower color brighter, the flowers larger, and the leaves thicker. Otherwise, small flowers, few in number, and pale flower color are likely to appear. At the same time, attention should be paid to avoiding excessive nitrogen fertilizer and insufficient phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, which can lead to weak growth or leggy leaves and affect bud emergence and flowering.
Light
A certain light condition should be provided to meet the light requirements for photosynthesis and flowering. Under strong light, the flowering period is short and the flower color is vivid; under weak light, the flower color is pale. Too long or too strong light, or long-term shading and insufficient light, will all affect the production and accumulation of nutrients, making it unable to show buds and bloom.
Temperature
Suitable temperature has an obvious effect on the quality of flowering. If the temperature is too high, root hairs exist for an extremely short time, and the function of absorbing water and fertilizer is greatly reduced, causing Clivia to appear semi-dormant; if the temperature is below 10°C, growth will also be inhibited; the growth period should be controlled at 15°C-25°C, and the flowering period should be 15°C-20°C. If root hairs exist for a long time and the water and fertilizer absorption function is good, the leaves will grow short and wide, and the flowering will be luxuriant. Attention should also be paid to maintaining a temperature difference of about 8°C between day and night for Clivia, because the organic matter it produces under higher daytime temperatures needs to be stored and digested under lower nighttime temperatures.
Moisture
Clivia cannot lack water throughout the plant growth period. When entering the flowering period, the water requirement is greater, and the growth humidity should not be lower than 60%.
Clivia growing methods
At present, China mainly uses sowing to propagate Clivia, thus forming a wide variety of cultivars.
Clivia cultivation is relatively simple. First, choose good potting soil, and it can be placed indoors near a window, with fertilizer and water managed according to the temperature characteristics of each place. During the growing period, the potting soil must be kept moist. During the high-temperature semi-dormant period, the potting soil should be on the dry side, and water should often be sprayed on the leaf surface to achieve the purpose of cooling. Clivia likes fertilizer. Repot once every 2 to 3 years in spring and autumn, adding decomposed cake fertilizer into the potting soil. Each year before the growing period, apply 5 to 40 grams of decomposed cake fertilizer under the pot surface soil, and apply liquid fertilizer once during growth.
During management, the pot should often be turned to prevent the leaves from leaning to one side. If they lean to one side, they should be straightened promptly. When the temperature is 25 to 30 degrees, it easily causes leggy leaves, making the leaves narrow and long and affecting the ornamental effect, so when cultivating Clivia, attention must be paid to regulating room temperature.
Clivia leaves are broad and strap-shaped, hard and thick in texture, and have luster and veins. The leaves emerge in two rows from the shortened stem at the root. With proper management, the leaves are neatly arranged and even more beautiful. The flower scape is drawn out from the leaf axils, and it generally blooms only when it has 20-25 leaves. The full bloom period is from New Year's Day to the Spring Festival, and it also blooms in summer from June to July. After flowering, it can set a small amount of seed, which requires artificial supplementary pollination, and the seeds mature only after 240-270 days.
The roots of Clivia are milky white, very thick and strong, with a very fleshy texture. Roots and leaves have a certain correlation. When new roots grow, new leaves will also emerge along with them. If the roots are injured or necrotic, the corresponding leaves will also wither; if the leaves are damaged, it will likewise affect the roots. Clivia has thick, fleshy roots. The leaf base forms a pseudobulb; the leaves are leathery and dark green. The umbel inflorescence has several to dozens of flowers; the flowers are funnel-shaped, upright, and orange-red. Its variety is yellow-flowered Clivia (vae.aurea Regel). The flowering period is winter and spring. It is robust in nature and likes warm, humid, and semi-shade environments. It requires well-drained, fertile loam. It is not cold-tolerant. In South China, Clivia can be used for flower beds or as cut flowers. In East China and areas north of the Yangtze River basin, it is grown as an indoor potted plant for foliage and flowers.
Clivia is native to the tropics and likes semi-shade. The most suitable temperature is 10 to 25 degrees, and it is suitable for growing in loose, fertile, slightly acidic organic soil.
Clivia propagation methods
Clivia generally uses only two propagation methods: one is sexual propagation, namely sowing propagation; the other is asexual propagation by division. Large-flowered Clivia is more commonly propagated by sowing. The advantage of this propagation method is that it can propagate in large quantities to meet the needs of many flower growers. But sowing propagation first requires artificial pollination, preferably cross-pollination between different plants (higher seed-setting rate). A robust plant can generally set ten seeds after cross-pollination between different plants; self-pollination on the same plant can only set a few seeds.
Sowing method
The pollination method is: 2-3 days after the perianth cracks, when the flower bud is mature and the stigma secretes mucus, this is the time for pollination. When pollinating, use a new writing brush to dip up the pollen from the stamens and gently shake it onto the stigma of the pistil. To increase the seed-setting rate, pollinate once each between 9-10 am and 2-3 pm, and the seeds can mature after about 8-9 months. When the fruit skin gradually changes from green to blackish purple, the fruit spike can be cut off, and after 10-20 days the seeds can be peeled out. Before sowing, soak the seeds in warm water at 30-35°C for 20-30 minutes, take them out, and air-dry for 1-2 hours (at this time, if they can be soaked in 10% sodium phosphate solution for 20-30 minutes, then taken out, washed, and soaked in clear water for 10-15 hours, so much the better), and then sow them into the culture soil. After sowing, place the flowerpot in an environment with a room temperature of 20-25°C and humidity of about 90%, and the radicle will sprout in about 1-2 weeks.
Before sowing propagation, first prepare the culture soil. Many materials can be used to make culture soil, but one relatively easy-to-obtain method is to use loose soil with sufficient humus taken from the surface layer of woodland, mixed with 1/3 clean fine sandy soil.
Clivia likes slightly acidic soil, with a pH value of 6-6.5 being suitable. The time requirement for propagating Clivia by sowing is not strict. It can be sown in spring, autumn, and winter, but temperature is an important factor. It is best to sow under conditions of 20-25°C, which can meet the temperature requirements for germinating embryos.
Division method
Asexual propagation of flowers includes cuttings, division, layering, grafting, and other methods, but the asexual propagation of Clivia generally only uses division, and Clivia nobilis more commonly uses this method.
To propagate by division, first do several preparatory tasks:
① For home potting, prepare flowerpots. It is best to use clay pots. Do not buy porcelain or ceramic ones just because the pot surface looks beautiful, because they have poor air permeability and are unfavorable to plant development and growth.
② Prepare the medium soil, and it is best to disinfect it. If using humus soil mixed with fine sand, the humus soil should be sprayed and disinfected with a 1000-2000 times water solution of potassium permanganate; the fine river sand should also be scalded and disinfected with boiling water to avoid seedlings being infected by pathogens and rotting.
③ Prepare a small amount of charcoal powder to apply to wounds to absorb moisture and prevent rot.
④ Sharpen the cutting knife, and finally quickly dry-grind it on a whetstone (without adding water) several dozen times, so that the blade becomes highly heated to kill pathogens.
When dividing, first take the mother Clivia plant out of the pot, remove the old soil, and find the axillary buds that can be divided. If the offset grows on the outer edge of the mother plant and is relatively small, you can hold the bulb part with one hand and pinch the base of the offset with the other hand, tear and pry it a bit, and the offset can be separated from the mother plant; if the offset is thick and strong and not easy to pry off, you should use the prepared sharp knife to cut it off. Never pry it forcefully, so as not to damage the young plant. After the offset is cut off, immediately apply dry charcoal powder to the wound to absorb the flowing liquid and prevent rot. Next, plant the offset in a pot.
When planting, the planting depth should be just enough to bury the base pseudobulb of the offset. The part near the seedling should be made slightly higher, and disinfected sandy soil should be covered. After planting, immediately water thoroughly once, and when the wound heals after 2 weeks, add a layer of culture soil. Generally, new roots grow after 1-2 months, and it blooms after 1-2 years. Clivia propagated by division has relatively stable heredity and can maintain the various characteristics of the original species.
Clivia disease control Common viruses
Several common diseases of Clivia include southern blight, soft rot, and anthracnose.
Southern blight
When this disease occurs, water-soaked brown irregular lesions appear on the stem near the roots, the cortex becomes soft and rotted, and then white silky mycelium grows and spreads over the soil surface around the roots, later forming small sclerotia, and finally becoming seed-like in color, expanding until the entire base rots and dies.
Control methods:
① Before potting, the culture soil should be disinfected. A relatively simple method is to place the culture soil at 60°C for 24 hours;
② Always observe the soil surface. If white mycelial threads are found, pick them out and burn them, and sprinkle some lime powder around the diseased spot to disinfect; ③ In the early stage of the disease, pour 50% carbendazim wettable powder 500 times solution on the stem base of the plant and the soil around the base, once a week, 2-3 times is enough.
Soft rot
Pathogens often invade through wounds. When the disease occurs, pale yellow water-soaked spots appear on the leaves, then expand into irregular lesions, causing the leaves to become brown soft rot, and bacterial fluid flows out from the lesion wounds.
Control methods:
① Once this disease is found, immediately separate the diseased plant, scrape away the culture soil around the plant to expose the diseased part, pry open the rotted diseased leaves, use a disinfected knife to scrape away the rotted part, expose it to appropriate sunlight, and keep it ventilated and dry;
② If many plants are rotted, all diseased tissue must be cut away, soaked in 5% potassium permanganate water solution for 1 hour, rinsed with clear water and dried, apply plant ash to the cut, change to a new pot for planting, and place in a ventilated place with not high temperature;
③ For drug treatment, penicillin or streptomycin or oxytetracycline plus 4000-**** times water solution can be used to spray or smear the lesions, with a certain curative effect.
Anthracnose
This disease mostly occurs in rainy, humid, and stuffy seasons, and the affected parts are mostly leaf tips and leaf edges. In the early stage, moist brown small spots appear on the leaves, then expand into oval and wave-like main lesions, with yellow surroundings, and later gradually shrink and dry up. Too wet potting soil and excessive nitrogen fertilizer easily cause this disease.
Control methods:
① Give the flowerpot a well-ventilated and well-lit environment. The potting soil should only be moist, and watering should not be too much or too frequent. Increase phosphorus and potassium fertilizer and control nitrogen fertilizer.
② When signs of disease are found, immediately use 50% wettable carbendazim powder plus 800 times water to make a solution, or use 60% anthracnose fumate plus 1000 times water solution to spray, about once every 6 days, and 3-5 sprays can be effective.
Common pests
The common pest of Clivia is scale insects. When pest damage occurs, scale insects often gather on the tender tips of leaves, suck leaf sap, and secrete large amounts of pathogens, causing stems and leaves to become moldy black, causing sooty mold, and making leaves wither. This insect has strong reproductive capacity and can occur in multiple generations a year. One female adult can often reproduce hundreds of offspring. If control measures are not taken in time, it can cause death.
Control method: Prevention should be the main approach. Usually often observe the plant body, and when pests are found, remove and treat them early to prevent spread. To remove scale insects, both manual and chemical methods can be used together. If pests are found on only 1 or 2 leaf tips, manual scraping can be done, using a sharpened thin wooden stick or bamboo pick to remove the insect bodies. If a large number of nymphs appear, 25% phosmet emulsifiable concentrate 1000 times solution can be sprayed to kill them, or 40% omethoate emulsifiable concentrate plus 1000-1500 times water can be made into a solution for spraying. Generally, spraying 1-2 times can kill them.
In addition, note also that earthworms can also become pests of Clivia. When the Clivia plant is young, its fleshy roots are very tender and weak. If there are earthworms in the potting soil, they often burrow around randomly, injuring the tender roots and destroying the Clivia's function of absorbing nutrients, causing the plant to stop growing and developing or causing root rot.
The control method is: often check whether there are round soil pellets on the surface of the potting soil (that is, earthworm excrement). If found, immediately use 50% dichlorvos emulsifiable concentrate plus 1500-2000 times water to make a solution and pour it on. If earthworms appear and wriggle after pouring, remove them immediately; after one week, do the same once more, and the earthworms can be completely eliminated.
Clivia variety classification Common varieties
Large-flowered Clivia is a perennial herb. The fleshy roots are white and unbranched. There are many basal leaves, leathery, alternate, neatly arranged, fan-shaped, evergreen. The stem is a shortened stem. The flowers are a determinate inflorescence, arranged in an umbel, the flower stem is flat, fleshy, solid, the small flowers have stalks, funnel-shaped, and the colors include orange-yellow, pale yellow, orange-red, light red, deep red, etc. The immature fruit is green and turns purplish red when mature. The seeds are large and spherical.
Large-flowered Clivia
Through artificial hybridization, many precious cultivars have been bred. In China in the 1940s there were cultivars such as Shengli, Heshang, Ranchang and Youjiang. By the 1980s there were cultivars such as Hualian Heshang, Yuantou, Chuncheng Duanye and Huang Jishi. In recent years new cultivars such as Momo Clivia, Fangye and Jinsilan have appeared. At present, cultivars of Clivia are distinguished according to plant size, leaf length, length-to-width ratio, leaf tip shape, prominence of veins, flower color and fruit type. In general, leaves that are short and wide, thick and hard, bright and glossy on the surface, upright and neat, with rounded tips and raised veins are considered good cultivars, and large yellow flowers are considered premium.
In Japan, foliage-type Clivia are valued more than flower-type ones, while the United States and Europe focus on improving flower color. For this purpose, Japan bred the variegated-leaf Clivia (C. miniata cv. Variegata) with white and yellow stripes. The United States bred 22 Clivia cultivars in different yellows, including Sir John Thouron, Yellow California Sunshine, Yellow Re-Bloomer, the pink Tessa, and the orange-red Sara, which are expensive, with each small seedling costing from 250 to 350 US dollars.
Plants in this genus also include Clivia nobilis (narrow-leaved Clivia) and Clivia nobilis (so called because the flowers droop like a bowing, smiling head when in bloom). Clivia caulescens (C. caulescens) (dark green leaves, deep orange-red flowers). Clivia gardenii (C. gardenii), which has red flowers tipped with orange or yellow edges.
Subordinate classification
At present, five species of Clivia have been discovered, respectively called Clivia nobilis (Nobilis), Clivia miniata (miniata), narrow-leaved Clivia, also translated as Clivia gardenii (gardenii), Clivia caulescens (caulescens) and Clivia mirabilis (mirabibis). In addition, in 2004 another species called swamp Clivia (Robust or swamp) was discovered in southern Natal. In other words, only the above six species of Clivia are currently recognized by the South African Clivia Society.
Among them, all Chinese Clivia belong to Clivia miniata within the genus Clivia, and their flower colors are mainly red and orange. In contrast to the floral art of other countries, Chinese Clivia focus on foliage art. Classified by flower series and strain, Chinese Clivia belong to the red and orange flower series of the Clivia miniata category within the genus Clivia.
Clivia nobilis
The leaves of Clivia nobilis are very hard and rough, band-shaped, about 300-800 mm long and 25-50 mm wide. The leaf tips are very blunt. Its inflorescence usually has 20-60 small flowers, drooping. The flowers are mostly dark orange, with green tips on the petals. But there are also flowers in colors between pinkish yellow and dark red. Its fruit usually contains 1-2 seeds, the rind is red, and the red fruit takes 9 months to mature. Seedlings grown from seed have very slender leaves, about 1.5 mm thick.
The growth period of Clivia nobilis is very long; from a single seed to flowering takes 8 to 10 years, or even longer. Given the characteristics of the flower, it is very easily confused with Clivia gardenii. Precisely because its growth cycle is so long, it is boldly speculated that the "Clivia nobilis" once popular in China may actually have been Clivia gardenii.
Clivia miniata
In its native range, the leaf width of Clivia miniata generally does not exceed 50 mm, and rarely reaches 90 mm. Flower shapes include narrow-petaled and wide-petaled forms, like a trumpet. The inner petals are generally wider than the outer petals. The flower color is generally orange, with a yellow-white inner core. Of course there are also flowers in colors between the yellow-white series and the dark red series. Very pale and very deep colored flowers are relatively rare. When blooming, a single bud usually has about 20 flowers, and some reach 40. The berry contains 1-20 seeds, generally fewer than 10.
Clivia gardenii (narrow-leaved Clivia)
The plant height of Clivia gardenii generally reaches 80-130 mm. Its leaves are bright green, 350-900 mm long and 25-60 mm wide, very narrow and long, with pointed tips. The flowering period is long, from late autumn to winter. The flower color is generally orange-red, with very obvious green at the petal tips. There are also other colors between yellow and red. The flowers droop in an arc, not as strongly drooping as those of Clivia caulescens and Clivia nobilis. Each berry contains 1-2 seeds. The fruit takes 12-15 months to mature.
Clivia caulescens
The height of Clivia caulescens is 500 to 1500 mm. Mature plants have an above-ground stem reaching 1 m in length, and in special cases as long as 3 m. The soft, flat and pointed leaves are arch-shaped, about 35-70 mm wide and 30-60 cm long. It generally blooms in spring and summer. The flowers droop like those of Clivia nobilis, the flower color is orange-red, and the petal tips are green. The round red berries contain 1-4 seeds, and the berry diameter is 9-13 mm. The seeds generally mature in winter, with a maturation period of 6 months after pollination.
Clivia mirabilis
A new Clivia species was discovered in Northern Cape Province, South Africa, and its name is Clivia mirabilis.
Clivia mirabilis grows in humus in crevices on the slopes of stony mountains; they either grow alone or in groups, and these places are often covered by sparse evergreen forests of African coralwood. Some Clivia mirabilis also grow in sunlight, but these plants often have leaf tips burned by the sun and appear water-deficient. In the morning, the vast majority of Clivia mirabilis are on the shaded side of cliffs, and after that, until sunset, they can receive sunlight. The areas where Clivia mirabilis grows generally present a semi-arid Mediterranean-style climate, and in winter they often experience a rainy period.
The leaves of Clivia mirabilis all have a white stripe in the center, which distinguishes it from other Clivia species. Moreover, its seeds need only 5 months to mature, which is not the case for other Clivia species; for example, the seeds of Clivia miniata need a 12-month maturation period, the seeds of narrow-leaved Clivia need a 15-month maturation period, and Clivia caulescens and Clivia nobilis need about a 9-month maturation period.
Clivia mirabilis is a newly discovered species, and its identity was only formally confirmed in February 2001. This Clivia is still in a specially protected natural area, and apart from Oorlogskloof Nature Reserve, no other place has been found to have communities of Clivia mirabilis. Therefore, the number of cultivated Clivia mirabilis is still very scarce. When cultivating Clivia mirabilis, note that it likes humus-rich soil and a semi-shaded environment; given its preference for semi-arid conditions, it should be given a fairly dry environment in summer.
Swamp Clivia
Swamp Clivia was not formally confirmed as a species until 2004. Like other Clivia, this Clivia is a native South African plant. The places where it grows are often sandy acidic soil. According to relevant introductory articles, this Clivia is "commonly found in forested cover areas, and such areas are often located in or near swamp areas; some communities also grow on riverbanks or below cliffs, and these places often have humus-rich soil. In swamp areas, swamp Clivia appears in large communities, and some plants, supported by their root systems, can reach 1.8 m tall, while in those relatively dry areas the plants are noticeably shorter and stouter."
Swamp Clivia is the largest species of Clivia, able to grow to 1.8 m tall, and in swamp areas a very few root systems can reach 4.5 m! The leaves of swamp Clivia are flexible and have smooth edges, their leaf tips are round, and there is a pale white stripe in the center of the leaf. The leaf length is often between 30-120 cm, the width is often between 3-9 cm, and the leaf base is often pigmentless.
Swamp Clivia generally blooms from March to August (the autumn and winter seasons in South Africa). The inflorescence usually has 15-40 small orange-red, drooping, tube-shaped flowers with green petal tips. The pedicels go from red to green. Its fruit is spherical, red, and generally has no more than 4 seeds in the fruit, with a fruit maturation period of 12 months.
Winter management of Clivia
Clivia is native to South Africa and is a perennial evergreen herbaceous flower. It likes a warm and cool climate, fears high heat and severe cold, goes dormant in summer, and grows in autumn and winter. Therefore, strengthening winter management is the key to cultivation, and Clivia must be grown in special Clivia soil.
The key points are as follows:
1. Fertilization. Clivia has the fastest vegetative growth rate in winter and needs the most nutrients, so applying good winter fertilizer is very important. Before bringing the pots indoors, use bone meal, fried sesame, cooked soybeans, etc. or compound fertilizer, and water it on once every 15 to 20 days; you can also water the roots with a soaking liquid of animal and plant residues. The fertilizer must be fully decomposed and applied diluted to prevent damage from concentrated fertilizer.
2. Watering. Clivia has fleshy roots and likes air but fears waterlogging. In addition, Clivia leaves have a waxy layer, and winter temperatures are low, so transpiration and evaporation of water are reduced. Therefore, watering should not be excessive; simply water together with fertilization and keep the potting soil moist. Never flood-irrigate, which can cause root rot and dead seedlings.
3. Heat preservation. The most suitable growth temperature for Clivia is 15°C to 25°C; growth stops at 10°C, and freeze damage occurs at 0°C. Therefore, in winter it must be kept warm and protected from freezing. After the flower stem emerges, maintaining about 18°C is suitable. If the temperature is too high, the leaves and flower scape will become leggy, thin and weak, the flowers will be small and poor in quality, and the flowering period will be short; if the temperature is too low, the flower stem will be short and prone to "stuck arrow" early flowering, affecting quality and reducing ornamental value.
4. Light regulation. Clivia likes scattered light and avoids direct strong light. When caring for it indoors in winter, the pot should be placed in a place with sufficient light. Especially before flowering, there should be good light, which helps the flower buds develop plump and strong. After flowering, appropriately lower the temperature, avoid strong light, and maintain good ventilation, which helps prolong the flowering period.
5. Leaf protection. Fat leaves make strong flowers, and green leaves make bright flowers. Short, broad, thick, green, glossy and upright leaves are the characteristics of healthy Clivia and the basis for promoting flowering and improving ornamental value. To maintain robust leaf quality, in addition to providing reasonable fertilizer and water, the leaf surface must be kept clean to improve photosynthetic efficiency. Methods of protecting leaves: first, regularly wash the leaves, spraying and rinsing with the same clean water or wiping dust off polluted leaves to keep the leaf surface clean; second, promptly spray fungicides to prevent leaf spot, leaf blight and stem rot, ensuring that the leaves stay green and the flowers stay gorgeous.
Uses and purposes of Clivia
Clivia is a noble flower of high taste. Its Latin name contains the meanings of wealth, nobility, beauty and magnificence. China's Ciyuan says, "A person of talent and virtue is a junzi (gentleman)." The naming of Clivia implies that it has the character and bearing of a gentleman. The value of Clivia refers to the relationship between people's needs and the attributes of Clivia, that is, Clivia can satisfy people's many needs such as beautifying the home, cultivating character, purifying the air and improving health, making your home display an elegant and luxurious style and adding brilliance and charm to enriching and adjusting people's lives.
Ornamental value
Flowers are the essence of nature, and Clivia is a rare marvel among ten thousand flowers. Clivia miniata has a dignified and beautiful plant shape, verdant and upright leaves, large and brightly colored flowers, and bright red fruit; leaves, flowers and fruit are all beautiful, and it is known as viewing flowers in one season, viewing fruit in three seasons, and viewing leaves in all four seasons. Its flowering period lasts as long as forty or fifty days, and it can bloom in early spring, making it an important festival flower.
Clivia is a perennial evergreen herbaceous plant, but it is not an ordinary grass, but a treasure grass; just as a diamond is not an ordinary stone, but a gem. Clivia is a rare flower and exotic plant, and its rarity lies in the excellence of leaves, flowers and fruit alike, with leaf appreciation surpassing flower viewing. "Though many flowers are good, ask none; only the junzi surpasses all others." Other flowers, "however good, bloom and fall always in their time," and one must "store fragrance for next year," making it hard for people to be captivated for long. But Clivia leaves can be enjoyed every month, every day and every moment, giving people the enjoyment of beauty.
Chinese Clivia has wondrously beautiful sword-shaped leaves, layered like green fans; standing in pairs, bright and glossy. The lower part of the leaves forms a pseudobulb woven from leaf sheaths, some like exquisite pagodas, some like golden ingots; and the tops of the leaves have various shapes, some like ovals, some like semicircles as if drawn with a compass. The leaf surface is even more beautiful, some like black pearls scattered on a jade plate, some like green gems inlaid on a golden tray, forming one colorful pattern after another.
Chinese Clivia has jade-like upright flower scapes and graceful flower posture; regular flower shapes and brilliant colors; umbel-like inflorescences, elegant and bold; fresh and beautiful flower colors, unsurpassed by all others. Amid its oily green and glossy leaves, bright trumpet-shaped flowers appear, like green-clad soldiers playing a spring symphony in all directions. The bright petals are infused with apricot yellow, the base presents milky white, and the corolla also shows bright red and other colors, glistening and enhancing one another, like an ancient jade maiden, beautiful and moving. Especially when reflecting the spring sunlight, it sparkles dazzlingly and is especially enchanting.
The purpose of Clivia flowering is pollination, fertilization, fruit set and seed formation into berries to reproduce. The fruit takes about 8-9 months of growth before it can go from small to large, from green to red, and only then can the seeds mature, so Clivia is said to be viewed for fruit in three seasons. The fruit of variegated Clivia is even more colorful and truly beautiful.
Viewed in overall form, Clivia looks like a line from the side and like an open fan from the front. Some resemble a peacock spreading its tail, some resemble a roc spreading its wings, making people never tire of looking and lingering again and again; they can rival famous paintings and outshine handicrafts. But any famous painting or handicraft can be mass-reproduced and imitated, while Clivia (except for offsets) cannot be reproduced or imitated, and no identical second plant can be found. Clivia is like people: even with the same parents, the offspring are not all the same; this is the wonder within the wonder of Clivia.
Another wonder of Clivia is that it needs no special cultivation, and its flowers bloom in winter, during Christmas, New Year's Day and Spring Festival, and the flowering period is long. Outside there is ice and snow and a silver-clad world; indoors there are green leaves and red flowers, full of spring and vitality, giving people a feeling of joy and pleasure and setting off the festive and lively atmosphere of the holiday. On both sides, neatly arranged beautiful leaves cluster around the sturdy flower scape holding up a mass of fiery red flowers, and dozens of small flowers sound in all directions like trumpets. It tells people that this is what is truly meant by: "When my flowers bloom, all other flowers fade."
Another wonder of Clivia is that it lives over a hundred years and is ever youthful. Although it is a perennial plant, after decades of cultivation its rhizome can still be cut back by a segment for rejuvenation, making it young again, radiating green, and growing vigorously. Precisely because of its extremely strong vitality and wondrous longevity, it is called the flower of long life and eternal spring, and people dare to spend tens of thousands or hundreds of thousands in huge sums to buy a single fine Clivia for viewing and cultivation. And because Clivia blooms in winter (especially during festivals), low-grade Clivia with a modest price is also welcomed by thousands of households. In addition, in recent years some young maidens have treated fresh cut Clivia flowers as a symbol of eternal youth and immortality, giving them to their beloved sweethearts.
Among the Clivia family, the striped variegated Clivia has magical leaf art that gives it countless charms, a thousand postures, incomparable beauty and indescribable wonder. As the diamond among flowers, it is beautiful without being seductive, noble without being arrogant. Whoever possesses it possesses the enjoyment of beauty, status and wealth. It is the hope and hot commodity of Clivia today and in the future. Appreciating its beauty lies in this: (in addition to other standards) more color is superior, less is inferior; evenness is superior, disorder is inferior. Striped Clivia is a favorite child in the Clivia family both at home and abroad, and its leaf surface clearly shows distribution of colors such as green, yellow, white, light green, dark green and gray, with green and yellow (white) clearly distinct, glossy and charming, with a sense of three-dimensionality, transparency and freshness, and extremely high ornamental value.
Environmental value
1. Clivia has the function of absorbing carbon dioxide and releasing oxygen
As everyone knows, the natural cycles of water, carbon, nitrogen and oxygen are the basic factors forming a good living environment and maintaining ecological balance. Under normal circumstances, the carbon dioxide content in the air is 3 parts per ten thousand, and the oxygen content is 21%; maintaining this constant ratio is the result of photosynthesis by green plants. China's first "Indoor Air Quality Standard" was officially implemented on March 1, 2003, clearly proposing the requirement that "indoor air should be non-toxic, harmless, and free of abnormal odors," and stipulating control of chemical pollution, physical pollution, biological pollution and radioactive pollution, among which the daily average standard value of CO2 is 0.1%. But an adult exhales one kilogram of carbon dioxide every day and absorbs 0.75 kilograms of oxygen; even more seriously, air pollution makes the ratio of carbon dioxide to oxygen in the air greatly exceed the above standards. Plants, evergreen plants and Clivia play a very good role in changing this situation, eliminating air pollution, reducing radioactive substances and bacteria, lowering noise, maintaining ecological balance and carrying out environmental protection.
Why can Clivia purify the air? This is determined by the tissue structure and physiological functions of its plant body. The Clivia plant body is composed of many cells, and in each cell there is a micro-battery. According to measurements by relevant experts, there is a potential difference of 70-80 millivolts inside and outside each Clivia cell. Under the action of sunlight, this tissue of Clivia allows the micro-batteries in the mesophyll cells to emit high-energy electrons, and then carry out photophosphorylation reactions. This is how chlorophyll, under the action of sunlight, absorbs carbon dioxide and water and synthesizes oxygen. The role of living things, namely plant photosynthesis.
During the growth and development of Clivia, although it can absorb water and mineral nutrients from the soil to synthesize organic substances (such as amino acids, amides, etc.), this is still not enough for its entire physiological activity; it must use sunlight, temperature, carbon dioxide and water for photosynthesis. This is of extremely important significance for the growth and development of Clivia, beautifying the home, purifying indoor air and improving people's health.
2. Clivia has the function of absorbing dust
There are some suspended solid or gaseous particles in urban air, such as industrial dust, smoke from burning coal and flying dust from bare soil surfaces, and some also carry microorganisms. They can cause various diseases or allergic reactions in humans and harm people's health. In recent years environmental protection departments have also detected some carcinogenic substances in the air, which are a major public nuisance in people's lives.
The Clivia plant, especially its broad and thick leaves, has many stomata and hairs and can secrete a large amount of mucus; through air circulation, it can absorb large amounts of dust, dirt and harmful gases, playing a filtering role for indoor air, reducing the dust content of indoor spaces, and making the air clean. Therefore, Clivia is praised by people as an ideal "absorption machine" and "dust collector."
When you place yourself among pots of gorgeous Clivia flowers, you will feel the air fresh, your body and mind relaxed, and your energy abundant. Where is the secret? It is because Clivia can purify the air and has high ecological value.
Beautifying the home
Chinese Clivia has the characteristics of being evergreen all year round, having the strongest shade tolerance, and being suitable for indoor cultivation. It is an ideal plant for decorating halls, rooms, pavilions and institutions, and a fine choice for beautifying parks. It is praised by people as a living handicraft and a "money flower." Using it to beautify the home is a beautiful symbol of spiritual civilization and material wealth.
Clivia can not only absorb harmful gases, reduce noise and kill bacteria, creating a comfortable living environment, but can also cultivate character, improve health and enhance cultural and artistic accomplishment. Place Clivia in the living room or study, on a desk or tea table, or in front of a windowsill or balcony, and its leaves will glitter under sunlight or lamplight, stirring feelings naturally and making your home full of vitality and ever-green scenery. If a round flower pot is placed on a writing desk, tea table, dressing table or combination cabinet, a saucer can be placed under the pot. This is not only beautiful, but also prevents water overflowing from the bottom of the pot from staining the furniture during cultivation and management. A blooming Clivia can be placed between two single sofas to increase people's visual and comfortable feeling. Between small pots placed on a desk, some handicrafts with high ornamental value can also be appropriately placed, and colored lights can even be installed if necessary; then not only will the Clivia stand gracefully under the colored light, fresh and bright, but it will also add a sense of artistic and natural beauty to your home. Good flowers deserve good pots. When using Clivia to beautify the home, attention should be paid to the choice of pot material. Clivia has fleshy roots and likes earthenware pots with good permeability. But this kind of earthenware pot is rough and not beautiful enough indoors. Jingdezhen porcelain pots or Yixing purple clay pots can be used; as long as the soil (leaf mold or peat soil) has good permeability, it can also be grown well.
Economic value
Marxist economics tells us that any commodity is the unity of use value and value. Use value is the property by which a commodity can satisfy some human need. Value is the undifferentiated human labor congealed in a commodity, the expenditure of human physical and mental labor. The magnitude of a commodity's value is determined by the socially necessary labor time for producing this commodity, and commodity exchange must be based on the magnitude of value and implement equivalent exchange; this is the basic content of the law of value. Price is the monetary expression of value, which is what we usually call the price of goods. The market determines price, that is, price is determined by value and, affected by supply and demand relations, fluctuates around value. These principles also apply to a commodity like Clivia.
Use value is the material bearer of value and belongs to the quality issue of a commodity. According to the Clivia appreciation and evaluation standards formulated by the China Clivia Association, Clivia quality can be roughly divided into five grades: rare, fine, high-grade, mid-grade and low-grade. Rare Clivia is extremely difficult to breed through hybridization. It is not one in a hundred or one in a thousand, but one in ten thousand. Its pollen can serve as the male parent for Clivia of a certain grade, improving the quality and grade of the next generation and making it possible to breed rare plants similar in grade to the male parent. Therefore, the value of pollen used as a male parent is considerable. At 1,000 yuan per pollen stick (in reality some have sold for more than 2,000 yuan each), a mature plant can bloom about twenty flowers each time, and each flower has six pollen sticks (stamens), so each rare Clivia can produce about 100 pollen sticks from one bloom; if all are sold, that yields 100,000 yuan. And the seedlings it produces number at least about 100. The price of its seedlings is also over a thousand yuan. Rare Clivia not only has extremely high ornamental value itself, but can also be used as a male parent to improve the grade of other Clivia offspring, and can also be used as a female parent to produce the next generation of rare plants. Rare Clivia has high technological content; its cultivation consumes a great deal of mental and physical labor; and additionally, things are precious when rare. Therefore, its price is also quite high. Conversely, the price of low-grade Clivia is much lower. According to China's current national economic development status, national living standards and the supply and demand relationship of Clivia, the prices of mature Clivia of various grades range from several tens of yuan to several hundred thousand yuan, which is understandable.
Nowadays people regard Clivia as a "green stock" - low risk, high return. It is small in size and high in per-plant value, and the area required for the same investment amount is much smaller; it is suitable for opening and closing [the text says "easy to manage in all circumstances", probably meaning easy to manage], easy to plant and easy to keep alive, and can be well cultivated in spare time; it has vigorous vitality and sales are not limited by time, being possible in all four seasons. The return on investment goes without saying. Looking at the domestic market, Clivia has a large number of enthusiasts all over the country, and the enthusiasm for growing Clivia is relatively high. The domestic market for Clivia is quite huge, and its development potential is immeasurable. Looking to the international market, the development prospects of Clivia are equally bright. At flower expos held in Hong Kong, China, Clivia has won grand prizes many times. At the Third International Expo, Clivia sales stood proudly above all others. In the 1995 statistics on the output value of various flowers made by the Dutch government, Clivia was one of the 13 potted plant types with the largest output value. All of this foretells a good future international market for Chinese Clivia.
At present, China has entered a new stage of building a moderately prosperous society in all respects and accelerating socialist modernization. Chinese Clivia should be oriented toward modernization, the world and the future. As China joins the WTO and opening-up continues to deepen, we should bring the precious Clivia we cultivate into the international market and export them in large quantities to earn foreign exchange. We should take the important thought of the "Three Represents" as the fundamental guide, unite and cooperate, and work hard.
Clivia is a famous greenhouse flower. China has two species introduced from Europe and Japan. The former has small drooping flowers and is called Clivia nobilis; the latter has large upward flowers and is called Clivia miniata, and is currently the most commonly cultivated species.
The flowers of Clivia are not as magnificent as peonies, nor as fragrant as jasmine, and even less as colorful and graceful as Chinese roses, but its leaves are verdant and glossy, its flowers point upward like torches, and its flower color is orange-red, dignified and elegant, making it an ideal potted flower for beautifying the environment. Clivia nobilis has drooping flowers, reserved and deep, elegant and solemn, with a different charm.
Medicinal or dietary therapeutic value of Clivia
The medical information and health dietary information on Huhuawang are for reference only and cannot be used as a basis for diagnosis or medical treatment. Any health problem should be consulted with professional medical personnel, and the treatment of any disease should follow a doctor's advice.
Ultimate flower protection task: to love yourself, start from reality and follow the doctor's advice. For illness, do not be careless, do not delay, do not give up hope; face it bravely, warm the silent world with love, and care for the flower field in your heart with your heart.
Medicinal value
Clivia is both ornamental and appreciable, and the whole plant can be used as medicine. In addition to beautifying the environment, it also has certain medicinal value. The Clivia plant contains lycorine and clivimine, and also contains the trace element selenium. Nowadays pharmaceutical workers use Clivia plants containing these chemical components for scientific research, and they have already been used to treat cancer, hepatitis, cirrhotic ascites and poliovirus, etc. Experiments have proved that lycorine extracted from Clivia leaves and roots not only has antiviral effects but also anticancer effects.
Experiments have confirmed that the anticancer activity of lycorine is mainly manifested as obvious inhibition of aerobic or anaerobic glycolysis of cancer cells. The positively charged quaternary ammonium salt in lycorine can combine with negatively charged tumor cells, while the negatively charged phenolic ion group can enter the interior of positively charged tumor cells, thereby playing an anticancer role.
Lycorine is mainly used in the treatment of digestive tract tumors such as gastric cancer, liver cancer and esophageal cancer, and also has a certain effect on lymphoma and lung cancer. On February 18, 1985, the Changchun Clivia Newspaper published news saying that a liver cancer patient was brought back from the brink of death after taking a Clivia decoction, which is a good example. In addition to the above effects, lycorine also has a relatively obvious emetic effect, stronger than that of ipecac. At the same time, lycorine has low toxicity and can be used as an emetic for various types of poisoning.
Species origin of Clivia
In September 1815, the intrepid natural scientist William Burchell scientifically collected Clivia for the first time at the source of the Great Fish River in Eastern Cape Province, South Africa. Then, around 1820, James Bowie collected some Clivia at the same location and shipped them to England. In 1828, John Lindley named it CLIVIA in honor of Charlotte Florentine Clive, Duchess of Northumberland, England.
At present, there are altogether five types of Clivia, namely: Clivia nobilis, Clivia miniata, narrow-leaved Clivia, Clivia caulescens, and Clivia mirabilis. In addition, there is another unique Clivia, namely swamp Clivia, which was recently discovered in KwaZulu-Natal.
National flower and city flower of Clivia
Clivia is the provincial flower of Jilin.
Cultural background and cultural value of Clivia
Chinese Clivia is a flower of noble character and reserved standing. It not only has many external beauties such as a dignified plant, regular flower shape, graceful flower posture, bright flower color and bright red fruit, but also has a profound inner beauty. People love Chinese Clivia for its simplicity and purity, placing infinite deep feelings on it, lodging emotion in it and conveying emotion through it; this is an appreciation of Clivia at a higher level.
Chinese Clivia has a spirit of unity and struggle. The roots, stems, leaves and other vegetative organs of Clivia each have different functions. The leaves grow densely on the short, thick rhizome, and the leaf sheaths overlap one another. They are closely united and struggle together, creating colorful and brilliant appearances and giving people the enjoyment of beauty. Those tough and upright leaves stretch flatly diagonally upward from the base, neither bending nor bowing, symbolizing an upright, unyielding spirit and giving people strong confidence to flourish upward and strive forward.
Chinese Clivia has a spirit of courage in innovation. After Clivia shifts to reproductive growth, it blooms and bears fruit, reproduces, and continuously produces new plants. Its vitality is extremely strong. Pulled from the soil, it will not die for one or two months; if the roots all rot, it can send out new roots; if the top is cut off, it can still sprout and continuously grow fresh, upright leaves. At the same time, by using bud sports that appear in asexual reproduction, new and unusual cultivars can be bred, such as the twin conjoined variegated Clivia and triple conjoined green Clivia on the homepage. It inspires people: always strive upward, struggle tenaciously, advance with the times and break new ground.
Chinese Clivia has a tough and selfless character. Its toughness is extremely strong; its guard-like leaves can survive in harsh environments. In the severe winter with biting cold wind, it buds and blooms, proudly blooming in full glory, letting people know spring in the midst of winter and see the colors of spring amid severe cold. The saying "red flowers and green leaves announce the spring breeze" describes exactly this character. Clivia spares no effort and dedicates its brightness and beauty to people.
Chinese Clivia has an elegant and refined posture. Its emerald, upright and graceful sword-shaped leaves, its full flower appearance, brilliant colors and delicate petals are dazzling when in full bloom, with an atmosphere of passionate dancing and delicate glowing light, making people feel relaxed and happy, lifting their spirits, and symbolizing sweetness, wealth and happiness.
Chinese Clivia has a quiet and simple elegance. With its unique quiet and elegant demeanor, Clivia represents lofty virtue. It can cultivate a person's character and is a kind of spiritual food. It is charming and colorful, tugging at sleeves, giving comfort, making you attached and leading you to love life. Using it to decorate a room will make the whole room shine. Especially at New Year's Day or the Spring Festival, it will add happiness and joy to your beautiful life.
Domestic market
There are two kinds of Clivia cultivated in China: Clivia nobilis (also called narrow-leaved Clivia) and Clivia miniata (also called upward-flowering Clivia). Clivia nobilis is propagated most in Beijing and nearby areas. Its leaves are relatively narrow, dark green, 50-90 cm, the corolla opening is relatively small, and the many small flowers in the inflorescence are all bell-shaped and hang downward; Clivia miniata is propagated most in Hebei Province. Its notable features are short and wide leaves, a thick and long flower scape, a relatively large umbel-like corolla opening, and upward-facing flowers, with relatively high ornamental value.
The flower reflects the person
If you like this flower, you are a person of calm thought and strong observation, but you may be rather impulsive in feelings and prone to love at first sight. You are very devoted to love; once you become a captive of love, you can sacrifice and devote yourself. But a romance that is too passionate and intense is not suitable for you.
The flower language of Clivia
The flower language of Clivia: noble, with the manner of a gentleman. The gentleman is modest, gentle and courteous, talented but not arrogant, successful but not proud, and living in a valley without feeling inferior.
Symbolic meaning
Its thick, smooth leaves stand upright like swords, symbolizing a noble character of strength, firmness and unyielding dignity; its full flower appearance and brilliant colors symbolize wealth and auspiciousness, prosperity and happiness, so people widely cultivate it. In recent years China has cultivated more than 160 precious Clivia cultivars, and it is a common flower variety in ordinary households.
The reason Clivia is especially loved is not only its bright and delicate flower appearance, but even more because it has a superiority unmatched by other flowers: it has both pleasing flowers and leaves worth appreciating that are emerald and glossy, as if waxed, crystal clear and dazzling. Therefore, many connoisseurs of flowers believe that even if Clivia had no delicate and moving flowers, just its leaves carved like jasper would already be beyond the reach of some foliage plants.
Clivia pictures
What fertilizer to use for Clivia, what soil is good for growing Clivia
What soil is good for growing Clivia? Clivia is a very popular flower. Basically anyone who grows plants will keep a pot. Although in most cases Clivia is easy to keep but hard to keep well, if you really want Clivia to bloom, soil is also a key point.
What soil is good for Clivia (fertilizer)Generally speaking, Clivia likes to grow in soil that is soft, fertile and well drained. So what specifically are these?
1. Clivia growing soil: meadow peat soilMeadow peat soil is produced in swamp development, a kind of soft soil similar to plant decay mixed with soil, and it is also a very good cultivation soil.
2. Clivia growing soil: horse manure soilThis is soil made by piling horse manure for fermentation, then sun-drying and sieving it and mixing it with soil. It has strong air permeability and is not easy to compact, making it very suitable as a maintenance soil for Clivia.
3. Clivia growing soil: furnace ash residueThis is the residue left after firewood or various plants are burned to ash, that is, the ash burned under the stove commonly used by people in the past. After sieving it, place it at the bottom of the flower pot, which will make Clivia grow better.
4. Clivia growing soil: crushed bone mealThis is made by sun-drying animal bones, then roasting them over fire until 70 percent done, crushing and sieving them after a week, and then mixing them with soil (the ratio is best kept below 1:10). It is likewise a relatively good nutrient soil.