A Detailed Guide to Snake Fruit Cultivation Techniques and Management Methods
Temperature control
We all know that snake fruit likes a warm and humid climate, with around 25 degrees being ideal. Measures should be taken to protect against cold and heat and to control the temperature well, so that snake fruit does not grow poorly because of sudden changes between hot and cold in its environment.
Choosing good soil
Fertile soil rich in organic matter is the best choice. An appropriate amount of coal cinders, iron filings and the like can be added as fertilizer to increase nutrients.
Proper watering
It does not need to be too frequent; water thoroughly once, then water again after two or three days. During the growing period of snake fruit, care should be taken to keep the soil moist, and drainage should be carried out promptly on rainy days.
Pruning in time
Prune excess branches and leaves in time to prevent the loss of nutrients.
Seed selection
Plump, undamaged ones are best. After selecting them out, soak them in warm water for a period of time; this can make the sown seeds sprout quickly.
After all this, do you now know how many snake fruits there are in one jin? Isn't the supplementary snake fruit cultivation technique very simple? But if you want to grow the snake fruit of your dreams, patience and care are the most important things. As long as you persevere, there will always be a day when that pot of snake fruit belonging to you grows the most beautiful fruit, bursting with life in the sunshine.
Snake Fruit Cultivation Techniques
Image: Snake fruit
[Common Questions] Snake Fruit Cultivation Techniques
[Expert Answer]
1. Propagation methods
Snake fruit seedling-raising methods includesucker propagation and seed propagationtwo kinds. Sucker propagation means selecting a thick, strong sucker from the many suckers sprouting from the mother plant, inserting a plastic container over it from the top downward, filling it with soil or rice husk, and after 2 months, when the sucker has grown more roots, cutting it away and transplanting it into a bamboo-woven container to continue cultivation. When transplanting, cut half of the leaves off the sucker, tie it tightly with nylon rope or bamboo strips, place it in the bamboo-woven container, pour on thin mud, and place it under a shade net to continue cultivation.
According to researchers from the "Mekarsari" company, if 1-2 drops of kerosene are applied to the top of the mother plant, suckering can be promoted without killing the heart leaf, but the heart leaf will be inhibited for a certain period. Because the sex of the mother plant is known in advance, sucker propagation can produce seedlings of the desired sex, and it is mostly used for dioecious snake fruit varieties like "Pondoh".
For seed propagation, the seeds can be sown on a sand bed and transplanted into polyethylene containers after they sprout; or the seeds can be sown directly into polyethylene containers and seedlings raised through conventional seedling-raising methods. Because the sex of the seedlings produced cannot be determined, seed propagation is mostly used for monoecious snake fruit varieties like "Bali".
2. Planting management
(1) Water and heat management
Indonesia has good water and heat conditions. Below an altitude of 600 m, irrigation is basically unnecessary, and there is no problem of low-temperature freezing damage.
(2) Nutrient management
Generally, fertilizer is applied twice a year, 1-2 kg per plant each time, applied in the dry season (March-August) and the rainy season respectively. The fertilizer used is a compound fertilizer of major elements, such as a compound fertilizer with an N:P:K ratio of 1:1:1; no fertilizer containing trace elements is applied.
(3) Leaf number control
The number of leaves of snake fruit needs to be properly controlled. The leaf number of the "Pondoh" variety is generally controlled at 7-8 leaves per plant, and the leaf number of the "Bali" variety is generally controlled at 14-16 leaves. Whether the leaves are dead or not, they can be cut off, but the leaf below the fruit should be retained to support the fruit. The cut-off leaves are generally not removed, but are spread on the ground to reduce soil erosion and increase nutrients.
(4) Male-to-female plant ratio
For the "Pondoh" variety, the male-to-female plant ratio is 50:1, that is, 1 male plant for every 50 female plants. Each inflorescence of the male plant has 4-5 branched inflorescences, and each branched inflorescence is used to pollinate about 10 female plants. There is also a male-to-female ratio of 20:1, that is, 1 male plant for every 20 female plants.
(5) Artificial pollination
For "Pondoh", artificial assisted pollination is needed. Artificial assisted pollination is carried out 2 times per inflorescence, 3-4 d apart. That is, the male inflorescence is picked, and the male inflorescence is lightly tapped over each open female inflorescence so that its pollen falls onto the female flowers; then a protective cover is placed above the pollinated female inflorescence to prevent rain from washing it away. The protective cover can be made of plastic film or of snake fruit leaves, but a cover made of plastic has a better protective effect.
3. Pest and disease control
According to surveys and feedback from fruit farmers, snake fruit plantations have relatively few pests and diseases. The relatively serious pest is a kind of beetle, which mainly feeds on the roots and can cause plant death. Rabbit urine can be used for control.
4. Afforestation methods
(1) Forest land selection
Selecting new afforestation land requires consideration of altitude, moisture and light transmittance. Snake fruit can be planted on land at an altitude of 300-600 m, but 400-600 m is most suitable. Snake fruit has high water requirements and needs year-round moisture. Newly planted stands require shade, so they can be planted under existing stands. There is no restriction on the tree species composition of the stand; both conifers and broadleaf trees are acceptable, but the canopy layer needs 20%-30% light transmittance. After 2-3 a of planting, it can withstand full sunlight.
(2) Plant and row spacing
There are various plant and row spacings, some 1.5 m×1.5 m, 1.5 m×2.0 m, 2.0 m×2.0 m and 2.5 mX3.0 m.
(3) Land preparation
Generally, complete clearing is adopted, and the specification of planting holes is generally 50 cmX50 cmX50 cm.
[Editor's Comments] There are many kinds of snake fruit, but their growth habits are much the same, and the planting methods and various management practices can also be used in common. The above is the snake fruit cultivation-related material compiled for you by Yan Shu, editor of First Agricultural Economics. We hope it is helpful to you. For more related material, please follow the relevant columns or special topic channels of First Agricultural Economics; we are dedicated to serving you!
Snake Fruit Salacca zalacca Snake Fruit Illustrated Guide: How to Grow Snake Fruit / How to Propagate Snake Fruit
Snake Fruit ProfileSnake Fruit Salacca zalacca
Alias: Salak
Classification: Tree flower
Family and genus: Plantae, Angiosperms, Monocotyledon class, Arecales, Arecaceae, Salacca
Full bloom period: Spring
Snake fruit, also known as salak, is a plant of the genus Salacca (Sa- lacca) in the palm family (Palmae or Arecae). Its English names are "salak" or "snake fruit", and its Latin scientific name is "Salacca zalacca(Gaertner)Voss", also known as "Salacca edulis Reinw". It is a famous fruit of Southeast Asia. It likes a tropical humid climate, and high temperature and high humidity are important conditions for its growth and development. The most suitable conditions for growth are an average annual temperature above 22°C, an average temperature in the coldest month above 18°C...
Snake Fruit Cultivation Methods and Precautions Snake Fruit Introduction
Snake fruit, also known as salak, is a plant of the genus Salacca (Sa- lacca) in the palm family (Palmae or Arecae). Its English names are "salak" or "snake fruit", and its Latin scientific name is "Salacca zalacca(Gaertner)Voss", also known as "Salacca edulis Reinw". It is a famous fruit of Southeast Asia.
It likes a tropical humid climate, and high temperature and high humidity are important conditions for its growth and development. The most suitable conditions for growth are an average annual temperature above 22°C, an average temperature in the coldest month above 18°C, and relative humidity above 85%. Snake fruit is very delicious, with a clear, sweet and refreshing taste. It is distributed in Indonesia, southern China, and parts of Sichuan and Chongqing.
Morphological characteristics of snake fruit Fruit
The snake fruit is pointed at the top and round at the bottom, about 5 cm high, with a lower diameter of about 5 cm
on the right. The peel looks very much like snake skin; the reddish-brown outer skin resembles the scales of snake skin. In snake fruit sold on the Indonesian market, the prickles on the outer shell have been removed, making it look smooth. Some are the size of an egg, while others are more like a peach or a head of garlic in shape and size. It is brown and composed of small scales. The upper part of each small scale seems able to separate from the peel, but its lower part is connected together, forming a whole.
Peel
The peel is very thin and rather hard; if you are not careful, it can cut the skin of your fingers. Many people are afraid when they see it and do not dare to eat this fruit. When you peel it open, the sound of peeling really is just like snake skin, and then after tearing off a thin layer of skin, you will see the flesh.
Flesh
After peeling the skin, it is also somewhat like a head of garlic, in segments. Generally there are 3-4 segments, one or two of which are smaller. The flesh is white, sometimes slightly yellow. The texture is firm, like coconut flesh, and it is very crisp when bitten. The large segments contain a hard stone; after peeling it open, its size and shape are very much like a peeled chestnut, with two flat sides and the other side nearly round, dark brown. The smell is slightly sour and odorous, and the taste on entry is mainly sweet with a slight sourness. However, in different places the varieties produced differ slightly; some inferior ones have a foul odor, and the flesh is very dry and hard, and very astringent and sour. The snake fruit produced on the island of Bali, Indonesia, is the best; its flesh is sweet with a touch of sourness, not bitter or astringent, and does not feel very dry and hard, and the flesh is plump and as crisp as an apple, with a relatively small stone and a faint fragrance. It is said that snake fruit also has a beauty effect. In Indonesia, the snake fruit produced in Bali and in Yogyakarta, Bandung and other places on Java is of relatively better quality. Some introductions on the Internet say that some snake fruit flesh is rather astringent, which should be considered poorer quality.
Thai snake fruit
There is also a kind of Thai snake fruit, which is a bit longer in shape, and whose flesh looks a little like durian, with a somewhat larger stone, but the taste is also very good. It can occasionally be seen in fruit shops, but the price is not cheap. Note that the outer shell of snake fruit is very hard but very thin, so be very careful when peeling it; it can easily cut your fingers! The flesh of snake fruit is crisp, and when ripe it is relatively sweet; the flesh is yellow and similar to durian, with a slightly sour and odorous smell, like the smell of distillers' grains, yet it is very tasty. The flesh of unripe fruit is relatively white, and sweet and sour and palatable. Buyers will have to try the specific taste for themselves; it can be said to be hard to describe and rather special! There are about 8 fruits per jin!
The snake fruit plant is relatively small, often dioecious, spiny, and clumping; the root system is shallow, but the main root is obvious; the central leaves are relatively upright and can reach several meters in length, with leaf blades 10-15 era in diameter; the internodes of the plant are very short, and the leaf scars are closely arranged; the leaves are pinnately divided, 3-7 m long; the leaf sheaths, petioles and leaflets bear long, thin gray to black spines; the pinnae are 20-70 cm long and 2-7.5 cm wide. The inflorescence is an axillary compound fleshy inflorescence, stalked, often enclosed by a spathe; the male inflorescence is 50-100 cm long and composed of 4-12 fleshy small inflorescences, the small inflorescences being 7-15 cm long and 0.7-2 cm wide, while the female inflorescence is 20-30 cm and composed of 1-3 small inflorescences, 7-10 cm long. The flowers are borne in pairs in the axils of scale-like bodies; the male flower has a slightly reddish tubular corolla, and the corolla tube bears 6 stamens and a small staminode; the pistil has no tubular corolla, is yellow-green outside and dark red inside, with a three-loculed ovary, a short three-lobed red style, and 6 staminodes borne on the corolla tube.
The fruit is a spherical or elliptical drupe, with 15-40 fruits borne on each infructescence; the fruit is about (5-7)crux5 cm, tapering toward the base and rounded at the top; the pericarp is continuously covered by many yellow to brown scales, the scale tips tapering and easily broken. There are often 3 seeds in one fruit, 2-8 mm thick, with a fleshy, cream-colored fleshy aril, smooth and stony inside, (23-29)mm×(15-27)mm, often black-brown, three-angled, with two sides flat and one side curved; the endosperm is uniformly white.
The inflorescence (Inflorescence) is borne among the leaves. Male and female inflorescences are heteromorphic. The male inflorescence is branched, bearing several catkin-like cylindrical branched inflorescences; the main peduncle and branches are enclosed in a persistent spathe; the male flowers are borne in pairs in the axils of small spathes (bracts), usually accompanied by hairy bracteoles; the calyx and corolla are tubular, 3-lobed; stamens 6, borne at the mouth of the corolla tube, with short filaments widened at the base; the female inflorescence has fewer branches than the male inflorescence but is larger; the female flowers are borne in pairs or singly and are larger than the male flowers; bracts 2; neutral flowers accompany the female flowers and have only 1 bract; the calyx is tubular at the base and 3-lobed above; the corolla is about equal to or slightly longer than the calyx, 3-lobed above; staminodes 6; the ovary has 3 carpels, 3 ovules, incompletely 3-loculed, covered with flat, smooth or upright spiny-tipped scales, with a short style and 3 stigmas.
The fruit is spherical, turbinate or ovoid, with a persistent stigma at the tip; the exocarp is thin, covered with imbricate reflexed scales whose tips are smooth or spiny-tipped; the mesocarp is thin, and the endocarp is not obvious; seeds 1-3, oblong, spherical or obtusely three-angled; the fleshy seed coat is thick, sour or sweet; the endosperm is uniform and hard, with a cavity from the top. The seed coat penetrates deeply, and the embryo is basal.
Ecological habits of snake fruit
Snake fruit likes a tropical humid climate, and high temperature and high humidity are important conditions for its growth and development. The most suitable conditions for growth are an average annual temperature above 22°C, an average temperature in the coldest month above 18°C, and relative humidity above 85%.
Snake Fruit Cultivation Techniques Propagation Methods
Resources
Indonesia is rich in snake fruit germplasm resources. According to the Indonesian national standard under formulation, there are nearly 20 varieties of snake fruit (as shown in Table 1). These varieties can be divided into two categories. The first category is monoecious; the 11 snake fruit varieties native to Bali all belong to this category. The second category is dioecious; snake fruit native to areas outside Bali belongs to this category.
According to researchers from "Mekarsari", the company has collected 15 varieties, with a collection nursery area of 5 hm2, making it the institution that has collected the most snake fruit varieties in all of Indonesia. Another private company collected 6 varieties, and all the snake fruit germplasm resources it collected came from the "Mekarsari" company. The "Pondoh" variety and the "Bali" variety are widely cultivated. The "Pondoh" variety is relatively sweet, while the "Bali" variety is relatively astringent. Among the "Pondoh" variety, varieties such as "Pondoh super", "Pondoh hitam" and "Pondoh honey" have also been found. In Bali there are varieties such as "Sugar cane" and "Coconut", among which the "Coconut" variety has fewer spines on the plant surface. This survey investigated several varieties including "Pondoh", "Pondoh honey", "Gading", and "Bali".
Seedling raising
There are two methods of snake fruit seedling raising: sucker propagation and seed propagation. Sucker propagation means selecting a thick, strong sucker from the many suckers sprouting from the mother plant, inserting a plastic container over it from the top downward, filling it with soil or rice husk, and after 2 months, when the sucker has grown more roots, cutting it away and transplanting it into a bamboo-woven container to continue cultivation. When transplanting, cut half of the leaves off the sucker, tie it tightly with nylon rope or bamboo strips, place it in the bamboo-woven container, pour on thin mud, and place it under a shade net to continue cultivation.
According to researchers from the "Mekarsari" company, if 1-2 drops of kerosene are applied to the top of the mother plant, suckering can be promoted without killing the heart leaf, but the heart leaf will be inhibited for a certain period. Because the sex of the mother plant is known in advance, sucker propagation can produce seedlings of the desired sex, and it is mostly used for dioecious snake fruit varieties like "Pondoh".
For seed propagation, the seeds can be sown on a sand bed and transplanted into polyethylene containers after they sprout; or the seeds can be sown directly into polyethylene containers and seedlings raised through conventional seedling-raising methods. Because the sex of the seedlings produced cannot be determined, seed propagation is mostly used for monoecious snake fruit varieties like "Bali".
Afforestation
Forest land selection
Selecting new afforestation land requires consideration of altitude, moisture and light transmittance. Snake fruit can be planted on land at an altitude of 300-600 m, but 400-600 m is most suitable. Snake fruit has high water requirements and needs year-round moisture. Newly planted stands require shade, so they can be planted under existing stands. There is no restriction on the tree species composition of the stand; both conifers and broadleaf trees are acceptable, but the canopy layer needs 20%-30% light transmittance. After 2-3 a of planting, it can withstand full sunlight.
Plant and row spacing
There are various plant and row spacings, some 1.5 m×1.5 m, 1.5 m×2.0 m, 2.0 m×2.0 m and 2.5 mX3.0 m.
Land preparation
Generally, complete clearing is adopted, and the specification of planting holes is generally 50 cmX50 cmX50 cm.
Planting management
Water and heat management
Indonesia has good water and heat conditions. Below an altitude of 600 m, irrigation is basically unnecessary, and there is no problem of low-temperature freezing damage.
Nutrient management
Generally, fertilizer is applied twice a year, 1-2 kg per plant each time, applied in the dry season (March-August) and the rainy season respectively. The fertilizer used is a compound fertilizer of major elements, such as a compound fertilizer with an N:P:K ratio of 1:1:1; no fertilizer containing trace elements is applied.
Leaf number control
The number of leaves of snake fruit needs to be properly controlled. The leaf number of the "Pondoh" variety is generally controlled at 7-8 leaves per plant, and the leaf number of the "Bali" variety is generally controlled at 14-16 leaves. Whether the leaves are dead or not, they can be cut off, but the leaf below the fruit should be retained to support the fruit. The cut-off leaves are generally not removed, but are spread on the ground to reduce soil erosion and increase nutrients.
Male-to-female plant ratio
For the "Pondoh" variety, the male-to-female plant ratio is 50:1, that is, 1 male plant for every 50 female plants. Each inflorescence of the male plant has 4-5 branched inflorescences, and each branched inflorescence is used to pollinate about 10 female plants. There is also a male-to-female ratio of 20:1, that is, 1 male plant for every 20 female plants.
Artificial pollination
For "Pondoh", artificial assisted pollination is needed. Artificial assisted pollination is carried out 2 times per inflorescence, 3-4 d apart. That is, the male inflorescence is picked, and the male inflorescence is lightly tapped over each open female inflorescence so that its pollen falls onto the female flowers; then a protective cover is placed above the pollinated female inflorescence to prevent rain from washing it away. The protective cover can be made of plastic film or of snake fruit leaves, but a cover made of plastic has a better protective effect.
Snake Fruit Disease Control
According to surveys and feedback from fruit farmers, snake fruit plantations have relatively few pests and diseases. The relatively serious pest is a kind of beetle, which mainly feeds on the roots and can cause plant death. Rabbit urine can be used for control.
Distribution range of snake fruit
There are about 14 species worldwide, distributed in tropical Asia including India, Indochina and the Malay Archipelago. There is 1 species in China, distributed in western Yunnan Province. There is a history of more than 50 years of scattered introduction and planting of snake fruit in various parts of southern China, but research and knowledge on the development and utilization of snake fruit are still relatively lacking.
Indonesia is the country most successful in snake fruit germplasm resources, cultivation techniques and local market development. Funded by the State Forestry Administration's 948 Project "Introduction of Snake Fruit Cultivation Varieties and Supporting Cultivation Techniques", we formed an Indonesian snake fruit cultivation techniques survey team and from December 9 to 18, 2007 visited Jakarta, Bogor, Yogyakarta, Denpasar and other places in Indonesia, conducting a relatively comprehensive and systematic survey of snake fruit germplasm resources and cultivation techniques. The survey results and reflections are now compiled as follows, in the hope that they will be helpful to the introduction, breeding and promotion of cultivation of snake fruit in China.
Medicinal or dietary therapeutic value of snake fruit
The medical information and health dietary information on Huhua Network are for reference only and cannot be used as a basis for diagnosis or medical treatment. Any health problem should be consulted with professional medical personnel, and the treatment of any disease should follow a doctor's advice.
Ultimate flower-protecting task: to love yourself, start from reality and strictly follow a doctor's advice. For illness, do not be careless, do not delay, do not give up hope; face it bravely, use love to warm the silent world, and use your heart to care for the flower field within.
Eating methods
The most common is simply eating it raw. The flesh contains a large number of inedible seeds. It has a sweet-and-sour taste somewhat like pineapple.) Special note: the peel of snake fruit is rather sharp, so be careful when peeling it to avoid cutting your hands.
Candied fruit, pickled, canned, fermented into wine.
Made into dishes.
Snake fruit is a cooling fruit, so pregnant women should not eat too much of it.
Nutritional components
Snake fruit, also known as salak, is a plant of the genus Salacca (Sa- lacca) in the palm family (Palmae or Arecae). Its English names are "salak" or "snake fruit", and its Latin scientific name is "Salacca zalacca(Gaertner)Voss", also known as "Salacca edulis Reinw". It is a famous fruit of Southeast Asia. According to literature, every 100 g of snake fruit contains 321.97J of calories, 0.5 g of protein, 20.9 g of carbohydrates, 28 mg of calcium, 18 mg of fat, 4.2 mg of iron, 0.04 mg of vitamin (B1) and (C2) mg of vitamin.
Snake fruit is very delicious, with a clear, sweet and refreshing taste.
Effects
The flesh of snake fruit is white with a touch of yellow, but when bitten it is very crisp, while the flesh is very dry and hard and very astringent and sour. Snake fruit has a beauty effect. The flesh of snake fruit contains ingredients beneficial to human skin, and local girls in Indonesia often eat it as a beauty fruit. It is one of the fruits with the highest potassium content, and is also rich in pectin, which is very beneficial to the human brain, and it has the reputation of being the "fruit of memory".
Suitable groups
Generally applicable. Especially suitable for people who use their brains for long periods, and it has beauty and skin-benefiting effects.
Dietary contraindications
Snake fruit contains relatively high calories, and patients with cough symptoms caused by deficiency heat should avoid eating it.
Plant appendix of snake fruit
1. Issue 03 of 2004 of "Subtropical Plant Science" published the article "Preliminary Report on the Introduction and Cultivation of Snake Fruit in Xishuangbanna" by Hu Jianxiang and Zheng Lingli, reporting the growth status and propagation and cultivation techniques of snake fruit introduced and cultivated in Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, at the introduction site.
2. "Practical Forestry Technology", Issue 6, 2008, published an article by Li Rongsheng, Yin Guangtian, et al., titled "Development and Utilization of Indonesian Salak (Snake Fruit)", reporting on the tropical forestry research institute's survey and resources in Indonesia.
3. "Acta Agriculturae Jiangxi", Issue 4, 2009, published an article by Sun Chengxu, Cao Hongxing, et al., titled "Study on Cold Resistance of Salak (Snake Fruit) Using the Electrical Conductivity Method and Logistic Equation".
For the first time, the cold resistance of 4 salak (snake fruit) varieties was introduced. The article reported that 4 salak varieties, Bali, Pondoh, Galing and M9, were subjected to different low-temperature stress treatments, and the results showed that the cold resistance of the 4 varieties ranked as follows: Pondoh > Gading > M9 > Bali.
4. Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops, Issue 6, 2009, published an article by Cao Hongxing, Sun Chengxu, et al., titled "Preliminary Study on Comparison of Cold Tolerance of Seedlings of Different Salak (Snake Fruit) Varieties", reporting on trial planting in Hainan and a comprehensive study of the cold resistance of salak (snake fruit). The study mainly used potted seedlings of 4 salak varieties, Bali, Pondoh, Galing and Malaysia (M), as materials, and through low-temperature stress, measured physiological indicators such as leaf damage rate, leaf soluble sugar, malondialdehyde and proline to study their cold resistance.
5. Indonesian salak (snake fruit) resources (from Li Rongsheng's "Development and Utilization of Indonesian Salak (Snake Fruit)")
No. Variety name Place of origin Year released
1 Pondoh Sleman Regency, Yogyakarta, Indonesia 1988
2 Swaru Malang City area, East Java, Indonesia 1991
3 Enrekang Enrekang Regency, South Sulawesi Province, Indonesia 1992
4 Nglumut Magelang (Mungkid) area, Central Java Province, Indonesia 1993
5 Bali Karangasem Regency, Bali Province, Indonesia 1994
6 Gula pasir Karangasem Regency, Bali Province, Indonesia 1994
7 Padangsidempuan Merah South Tapanuli Regency, North Sumatra Province, Indonesia 1999
8 Padangsidempuan Putih South Tapanuli Regency, North Sumatra Province, Indonesia 2000
9 Gading Ayu Sleman Regency, Yogyakarta, Indonesia 2000
10 Pangu Minahasa Regency, North Sulawesi Province, Indonesia 2001
11 Sanggat ta East Kutai Regency, East Kalimantan Province, Indonesia 2002
12 Sibakua South Tapanuli Regency, North Sumatra Province, Indonesia 2002
13 Riring Maluku Province, Indonesia 2003
14 Condet 8592 East Java Province, Indonesia 2003
15 Condet 8590 East Java Province, Indonesia 2003
Market prospects and yield of salak (snake fruit)
Salak (snake fruit) can bear fruit after 2-3 a of planting, and after 3-4 a when fruiting becomes relatively stable, each plant can produce 10 kg of salak per year, about 6 kg in the rainy season and about 4 kg in the dry season. The market retail price of salak is 6,000-7,000 Indonesian rupiah per kilogram (approximately 6-7 yuan per kilogram in RMB). Calculating at 2,000 plants per hectare, each hectare of salak forest can produce 20,000 fruits per year, with an output value of up to 60,000-80,000 yuan RMB.
Market
In 1999, Indonesia's "Pondoh" variety alone had a yield of nearly 30,000 t. During the survey on Bali, according to fruit farmers, Bali already had 1 million salak plants, with a single-plant yield of 10 kg, and an annual output of salak fruit reaching 10,000 t. Salak produced in Indonesia is mainly sold in that country, with a small amount exported to various countries and regions around the world, such as Australia, Europe, the Americas, Singapore, Hong Kong, and mainland China and Taiwan, where it is also sold.
Policy
Salak is managed by the Indonesian Ministry of Agriculture. Indonesia formulated salak standards as early as 1992 and is currently revising them to regulate the grading and handling of salak. Before 2007, China had not yet included salak in the list of fruits permitted for import, and most residents in the country had not yet tasted the delicious flavor of salak. However, during the survey, the extension division of the Indonesian Ministry of Agriculture revealed that during the China-ASEAN Forestry Expo held in Nanning at the end of October 2007, China had signed an agricultural product import agreement with Indonesia that included salak, and it is estimated that Indonesian salak can be enjoyed in China in the future.
Salak (snake fruit) pictures