Jerusalem Artichoke Cultivation Techniques: Key Points and Management Methods Explained

Land preparation:

Before planting, the soil needs to be turned over thoroughly to balance soil nutrients, and a rake can be used to level the land.

Sowing:

For seed selection, choose tubers weighing more than 30 g that are disease-free and undamaged as seed. Whole-tuber sowing or cut-piece sowing may be used. If using cut-piece sowing, a row spacing of 50 cm square is recommended. Whether using hole sowing or furrow sowing, the depth should be about 10 cm. Place one seed, then cover with soil and level the hole.

Fertilizing:

There are two types of fertilizer, inorganic fertilizer and organic fertilizer. Apply about 3000-4500 kg of inorganic fertilizer, and 30-40 kg of diammonium phosphate per mu as inorganic fertilizer.

Field management:

About 30 days after sowing, Jerusalem artichoke seedlings emerge. Weeding in the field is needed at about two weeks, either with herbicides or by hand, followed by the first cultivation. When the seedlings grow to about 15 cm, carry out the second weeding and cultivation. Water at the right time, remove lateral roots, and prevent apical dominance.

Topdressing:

Jerusalem artichoke needs two topdressings during growth. The first is in late May, with about 10 kg of fertilizer each time. The second is at the early budding stage, applying 15 kg of potassium sulfate per mu. Remember to water after fertilizing.

Watering:

If the flowers turn yellow and wilt, be sure to water, but do not water too much.

Pest and disease control:

Pests and diseases are a major problem in cultivation. Diseases may cause red spot disease, leaf spot disease, powdery mildew, etc., which can be controlled with a 50% carbendazim 800-fold solution.

Jerusalem Artichoke Cultivation Methods_Jerusalem Artichoke Photo Appreciation

Jerusalem artichoke is a perennial herb, 1-3 m tall, with tuberous underground stems and fibrous roots. It is not strict about soil requirements. Apart from acidic soil, swamps, and saline-alkali areas, which are unsuitable for planting, it can grow on land unsuitable for other crops, such as ruins, homestead edges, and roadsides. Since it is such an easy plant to grow, is its cultivation method very simple? Next, let us learn about it together.


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Introduction to Jerusalem Artichoke Growth
      In northern China, ground temperature begins to rise in March, and the dormant tubers of Jerusalem artichoke gradually revive from a frozen state. When the ground temperature reaches 10°C, germination begins. In early April, leaves emerge above ground and start growing, during which late frost has no effect or damage on them. Under normal conditions, from late August to early September, when the Jerusalem artichoke stem is about 2 m tall, it begins to flower. The flowers are pure yellow, with no fragrance and no off-odor, and have 13 petals. Due to different varieties, leaf color and width also differ. Although flower color is the same, petal width varies.
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Jerusalem Artichoke Cultivation Methods
      Cultivation and hilling of Jerusalem artichoke: After emergence in spring or after rain, weeds should be removed in time, and hilling should be done together with cultivation. After the spring thaw, select tubers weighing 20-25 g for sowing. Per mu, 50 kg of tuber seed is needed, with a plant spacing and row spacing of 0.5×0.5 m and a sowing depth of 10-20 cm. Seedlings emerge about 30 days after sowing. Jerusalem artichoke is sown once a year, and after harvest, tubers remain in the soil, so it may not need to be sown again the next year. However, to keep plants evenly distributed, thin seedlings where they are too dense and fill in gaps where plants are missing.

      After Jerusalem artichoke seedlings emerge, fill in missing plants in time, and carry out one weeding together with replanting. For cultivation and weeding, generally 30-40 days after sowing, loosen the soil to a depth of about 6 cm, and weed together with cultivation. The second cultivation is before budding, carried out together with weeding, to create good conditions for tuber growth and development.
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Jerusalem Artichoke Care and Management
      After autumn harvest, prepare the land. Apply 5000 kg of farmyard manure per mu, with 70% broadcast and 30% applied in concentrated furrows at sowing, plus 15 kg of potassium sulfate. Deep plow 30 cm, then level and make beds after plowing for sowing. On the basis of sufficient base fertilizer, Jerusalem artichoke needs two topdressings during the growing period: the first around late May, applying 10 kg of urea per mu to promote strong seedlings and more new branches; the second at the early budding stage, applying 15 kg of potassium sulfate per mu, followed by watering.

      The seedling stage, jointing stage, budding stage, and tuber enlargement stage of Jerusalem artichoke are the four key watering periods. Generally, water for emergence can be applied in mid-April, water for jointing in late May, water for budding in mid-August, and water for tuber enlargement in mid-October. Although Jerusalem artichoke is drought-resistant, sufficient soil moisture can greatly increase yield. In the central semi-arid region, when precipitation is normal and there is no severe drought, watering is generally not needed. If summer and autumn drought occur continuously, water once for budding in mid-to-late August, and use collected rainwater for supplementary irrigation on dryland.
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Editor's Summary
      Jerusalem artichoke tubers are rich in starch and are an excellent succulent feed. Fresh stems and leaves used as silage have higher nutritional value than sunflower. Today's introduction to the cultivation method of this plant ends here. Thank you all for reading.

North American Jerusalem Artichoke Cultivation Techniques