Management key points for the first cutting period of mint: intertillage and weeding, fertilizer and water management, and pest and disease control
How to manage mint during the first cutting period? Management of mint during the first cutting period includes: checking seedlings and replanting, intertillage and weeding, timely topdressing, scientific watering, disease control, pest control, and timely harvesting
How to manage mint planting during the first cutting period? During the first cutting period of mint, management personnel need to do well in checking seedlings and replanting, intertillage and weeding, timely topdressing, and other aspects. Next, the editor will specifically explain the management key points for mint planting during the first cutting period, hoping to be helpful to everyone.
[Management Key Points for the First Cutting Period of Mint]
1. Checking seedlings and replanting
After the mint has basically full seedlings, it is necessary to check the seedlings in time, and replant at points and patches where seedlings are missing or sparse.
2. Intertillage and weeding
a. Carry out intertillage and weeding between mint planting rows, and manual weeding between plants, so as to preserve soil moisture, increase environmental temperature and soil temperature, eliminate weeds, and promote the growth of mint seedlings;
b. Before the mint rows close, two or three intertillage and weeding operations are needed;
c. Before harvesting, pull out all weeds in the field to prevent the odor of other weeds from affecting the quality of mint oil.
3. Timely topdressing
When the seedlings are 10-15cm tall, open furrows and apply topdressing, applying 10kg urea per mu; after the rows close, spray 5ml Pen Shi Bao + 150g potassium dihydrogen phosphate + 150g urea per mu twice.
a. When the seedlings are 10-15 cm tall, open furrows and apply topdressing. Apply 10 kg urea per mu;
b. After the rows close, spray 5 ml Pen Shi Bao + 150 g potassium dihydrogen phosphate + 150 g urea per mu, for a total of two sprays.
4. Scientific watering
Mint needs more water in the early and middle stages, especially in the early growth stage when the root system has not yet formed, so it needs more water. Generally, water once about every 15 days, and from emergence to harvest, water 4-5 times. After the rows close, water lightly in appropriate amounts to avoid excessive rampant growth of stems and leaves, lodging, and shedding of lower leaves, which reduces yield. Stop watering 20-25 days before harvest. At harvest time, the ground should preferably be "whitish."
a. In the early and middle stages and before the root system has formed, the water requirement is high, so water once every half month;
b. From emergence to harvest, water four or five times;
c. After the rows close, water less in appropriate amounts to avoid rampant growth of stems and leaves, which can cause plant lodging and shedding of lower leaves, reducing yield;
d. Stop watering 20-25 days before harvest;
e. At harvest time, the ground should preferably be "whitish."
5. Disease control
① Black shank
a. Black shank occurs at the seedling stage;
b. The base of the stem shrinks and sinks, turns black, and in severe cases rots; the plant lodges and withers;
c. In the early stage of the disease, use 70% chlorothalonil or 40% carbendazim 100-150g per mu, diluted with water and sprayed.
② Mint rust
a. Often occurs from May to July;
b. During the disease period, use a 25% triadimefon 1000-1500 times solution for foliar spray control.
③ Leaf spot
a. Often occurs from May to October;
b. In the early stage of the disease, spray a 65% zineb 500 times solution once a week.
6. Pest control
a. Often occurs around mid-June and late August;
b. When the population density of "bridge-building worms" reaches 10 per m2;
c. Use 15-20 ml decamethrin per mu, spray once or twice for control, or use 80% dichlorvos 1000 times spray for control.
7. Timely harvesting
a. In early July, when 10-30% of the flower buds on the main stems of mint are in full bloom, harvesting can begin;
b. When harvesting, cut off the upper stems and leaves evenly at ground level, and immediately spread the cut mint out to dry; it must not be piled up, to avoid fermentation;
c. Harvesting too early will reduce the oil extraction rate; harvesting too late will increase the furan content in mint and affect the quality of the oil;
d. Tie the wilted mint into bundles in time for distillation and oil refining.
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Verbena flower language, verbena cultivation methods
Different flowers have different cultivation methods. Perhaps such a cultivation method suits this plant, but may not work if changed to another plant. There are also quite a few varieties of verbena. Next, let everyone learn together about some flower language related to verbena, as well as related cultivation methods, so that everyone can better understand verbena!
Verbena flower language
Flower language: It has the meanings of "harmony and joy," "working together in unison," and "a harmonious family prospers in all things," but different colors also represent different meanings.
White verbena - "Pray for me" Red verbena - "Working together in unison"
Pink verbena - "A harmonious family prospers in all things" Purple verbena - "Superstition"
Verbena cultivation methods
Cultivation methods
If verbena is used for flowerbed cultivation, it should be planted early, and spent flowers should be cut off promptly after flowering, which can prolong the flowering period. Apply fertilizer and water appropriately, carry out intertillage and weeding in time, and drain waterlogged areas promptly during the rainy season. To cultivate verbena, choose loose, fertile soil with good drainage. Because verbena's root system is relatively shallow, attention should be paid to watering in summer to prevent drought, and a thin fertilizer should be applied once every half month.
During the maintenance period, water must not be too much, but it also must not be too little. Too much water will cause slender, weak, and spindly stems and branches with very few flowers; if fertilizer and water are lacking, the plant will grow and develop poorly and show premature seed setting. Vigorous plants have stronger resistance to pests and diseases, and few pests and diseases occur.
The seedlings to be planted should not be too large, to avoid lateral branches growing sideways and leaves shedding. The spacing between verbena plants is generally about 40cm. Pinch early to promote secondary branches. Cut off the flower heads after flowering, water frequently in summer, and apply liquid fertilizer 1-2 times. In the Jiangnan region, overwintering flowering plants only need to keep the underground parts in the soil to overwinter, and in the following year use new branches for cuttings or division propagation. For seed collection, harvest the plant clump once, dry it, and thresh the seeds.
Pot cultivation techniques
1. Pot soil selection
For potted verbena, the substrate should preferably be loose, fertile culture soil with good drainage. Before planting, apply decomposed organic fertilizer and some superphosphate at the bottom of the pot as base fertilizer.
2. Watering and fertilizing
Because verbena likes fertilizer and moisture, in addition to applying base fertilizer, a thin liquid fertilizer needs to be applied monthly during the growing period. Also, the pot soil for planting verbena should be kept moist, but watering should not be too frequent, otherwise it will cause the basal leaves to grow excessively or wither, affecting bud formation and flowering. In winter, the pot soil should preferably be on the drier side.
3. Pinching and pruning
When the seedlings grow to 10 cm tall, they need to be pinched, which can promote the sprouting of side branches and make the plant shape compact. At the same time, in order to keep flowering continuously, cut off spent flowers promptly after each flowering and strengthen water and fertilizer management, so that new branches and flowers can grow again.
4. Light and renewal
Verbena is a light-loving plant. During the growing period, it should be placed in a sunny place for cultivation, and before Frost's Descent it should be moved to a sunny place indoors. The mother plant ages easily, so it needs to be renewed once every 2 years.
Summary: The above is an introduction to the flower language of verbena, as well as a certain explanation of verbena cultivation methods. I hope everyone can understand it. Friends who like growing verbena can use it for reference. The above information is not comprehensive enough, and I hope everyone can understand.
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He Shou Wu Fallopia multiflora (Thunb.) Harald He Shou Wu illustrated guide: how to grow He Shou Wu / how to propagate He Shou Wu
He Shou Wu profileHe Shou Wu Fallopia multiflora (Thunb.) Harald
Aliases: Polygonum multiflorum, Zi Wu Teng, Jiu Zhen Teng, Ye Jiao Teng
Classification: perennial herbaceous flower
Family and genus: Plantae, Angiosperms, Dicotyledoneae, Polygonales, Polygonaceae, Fallopia
Full flowering period: summer
He Shou Wu (scientific name: Fallopia multiflora (Thunb.) Harald.), also known as Polygonum multiflorum, Zi Wu Teng, Ye Jiao Teng, etc. It is a perennial twining vine of the genus Fallopia in the tribe Polygoneae of the family Polygonaceae, with thick tuberous roots, oblong, dark brown. It grows in valley thickets, under mountain slopes and forests, and in stone crevices by ditches. It is produced in southern Shaanxi, southern Gansu, East China, Central China, South China, Sichuan, Yunnan, and Guizhou. Its tuberous roots are used as medicine and can calm the nerves, nourish blood, activate collaterals, remove toxins (treat malaria), and reduce abscesses; prepared He Shou Wu can tonify essence and blood, darken beard and hair, strengthen sinews and bones, and tonify the liver and kidneys. It is a common precious and fine Chinese medicinal material.
Cultivation methods and precautions for He Shou Wu Introduction to He Shou Wu
He Shou Wu (scientific name: Fallopia multiflora (Thunb.) Harald.), also known as Polygonum multiflorum, Zi Wu Teng, Ye Jiao Teng, etc. It is a perennial twining vine of the genus Fallopia in the tribe Polygoneae of the family Polygonaceae, with thick tuberous roots, oblong, dark brown. It grows in valley thickets, under mountain slopes and forests, and in stone crevices by ditches. It is produced in southern Shaanxi, southern Gansu, East China, Central China, South China, Sichuan, Yunnan, and Guizhou. Its tuberous roots are used as medicine and can calm the nerves, nourish blood, activate collaterals, remove toxins (treat malaria), and reduce abscesses; prepared He Shou Wu can tonify essence and blood, darken beard and hair, strengthen sinews and bones, and tonify the liver and kidneys. It is a common precious and fine Chinese medicinal material.
Morphological characteristics of He Shou Wu Stems and branches
He Shou Wu is a perennial plant. The tuberous roots are thick, oblong, and dark brown. The stems twine, 2-4 meters long, much branched, with longitudinal ridges, hairless, slightly rough, and the lower part is woody.
Leaves
The leaves of He Shou Wu are ovate or long ovate, 3-7 cm long, 2-5 cm wide, with acuminate tips, cordate or nearly cordate bases, rough on both sides, and entire margins; petioles 1.5-3 cm long; ocrea membranous, oblique, hairless, 3-5 mm long.
Flowers
The inflorescence of He Shou Wu is paniculate, terminal or axillary, 10-20 cm long, with spreading branches, with fine longitudinal ridges, densely covered with small protrusions along the ridges; bracts triangular-ovate, with small protrusions, pointed at the tip, each bract containing 2-4 flowers; pedicels slender and weak, 2-3 mm long, with a joint at the lower part, elongating when fruiting; tepals 5, deeply parted, white or pale green, tepal lobes elliptical, unequal in size, the outer 3 larger with wings on the back, enlarging when fruiting, the perianth nearly circular in outline when fruiting, 6-7 mm in diameter; stamens 8, filaments wider at the lower part; styles 3, very short, stigmas capitate.
The flowering period of He Shou Wu is August-September.
Fruit
The achenes of He Shou Wu are ovate, with 3 angles, 2.5-3 mm long, dark brown, glossy, enclosed in the persistent perianth.
The fruiting period of He Shou Wu is September-October.
Ecological habits of He Shou Wu
He Shou Wu grows in valley thickets, under mountain slopes and forests, and in stone crevices by ditches, at an altitude of 200-3000 meters.
Cultivation techniques of He Shou Wu Keep the field moist
During the growing period, attention should be paid to weeding, and in May apply human and livestock manure water once. When the seedlings are 3
0cm or so tall, insert bamboo poles or branches to support the twining growth of the stems and vines. In December when the plants wither, in combination with clearing away dead vines, apply decomposed compost or farmyard manure once, and earth up around the roots.
Thinning and final singling of seedlings
For seed propagation, when the seedlings are about 10 cm tall, thin out the overly dense or weak seedlings. When the seedlings are 15 cm tall, thin out the weak and keep the strong according to a plant spacing of 25-30 cm for final singling.
Fertilizer and water management
He Shou Wu likes fertilizer. In addition to applying sufficient base fertilizer, apply a light human and livestock manure urine water once at the seedling stage to facilitate seedling growth. In May of the following year, apply human manure urine once, then water with clean water. From September to October, apply miscellaneous fertilizer or barnyard manure at 15000-22500 kg per hectare.
Trellising
When the seedlings are about 30 cm tall, set up supports so that the stems and vines twine upward, and thin leaves and prune branches in time to promote vigorous plant growth.
Harvesting and storage
After sprouting in spring, when the plants are 20-30 cm tall, harvest the tender stems and leaves once or in several batches. The tuberous roots can be harvested after 3-4 years. Harvesting is carried out in autumn, and after harvest they can be eaten fresh or sliced and dried in the sun. For the stems and vines of He Shou Wu, in the autumn of the second year after planting when leaves fall, cut the stems and vines, remove fine branches and residual leaves, cut into stem sections about 70 cm long, tie them into bundles, dry them in the sun, and use them as medicine.
Propagation methods of He Shou Wu Sowing propagation
Direct sowing is the main method, but seedling transplanting can also be used. Sow from early March to early April, with drill sowing row spacing of 30-35cm. After applying human and livestock manure water, sow the seeds evenly into the furrows and cover with 3cm of soil. When the seedlings are 5cm tall, thin them, with a plant spacing of about 30cm.
Cutting propagation
From early March to early April, select stems and vines from vigorously growing, robust plants free of pests and diseases, cut them into cuttings about 25cm long, each with about 3 nodes. Row spacing 30-35cm, plant spacing about 30cm, hole depth about 20cm, place 2-3 cuttings per hole, and never insert them upside down. Cover with soil and press firmly, then apply human and livestock manure fertilizer.
Division propagation
When digging and harvesting tuberous roots in autumn or before sprouting in spring, dig out the tiller shoots around the root zone, select plants with bud eyes on the stems and vines and well-developed fibrous roots, and dig holes for planting at a row spacing of 30-35 cm and plant spacing of 25-30 cm.
Disease control of He Shou Wu
The main diseases of He Shou Wu are leaf spot and root rot.
Control methods
50% thiophanate wettable powder 800 times solution, 50% carbendazim wettable powder 800-**** times solution, or Bordeaux mixture (0.5:0.5:150), etc. can all be used to control leaf spot. Spraying 70% thiophanate wettable powder 800-**** times or 75% chlorothalonil 1500 times solution on the stem base has a certain preventive effect on root rot.
Distribution area of He Shou Wu
He Shou Wu is distributed in southern Shaanxi, southern Gansu, East China, Central China, South China, Sichuan, Yunnan, and Guizhou.
He Shou Wu is also distributed in Japan.
Medicinal dietary or medicinal value of He Shou Wu
The medical information and healthy dietary information on Huahua.com is for reference only and cannot be used as a basis for diagnosis or medical treatment. Any health issues should be consulted with professional medical personnel, and treatment of any disease should follow a doctor's advice.
Ultimate flower-protecting mission: love yourself, start from reality, and strictly follow a doctor's advice. For illness, do not be careless, do not delay, do not give up hope, face it bravely, use love to warm the silent world, and use your heart to care for the flower field within.
Effects and usage
Nature and flavor
Bitter, sweet, and astringent, slightly warm.
1. "He Shou Wu Lu": sweet in flavor, warm, non-toxic.
2. "Bencao Huiyan" (Collected Discourses on Materia Medica): Used raw, its qi is cold, its nature is astringent, and it is toxic; when processed and cooked, its qi is warm and it is non-toxic.
Meridian Entry
Enters the liver and kidney meridians.
1. "Gangmu" (Compendium of Materia Medica): Foot Jueyin and Shaoyin.
2. "Bencao Jingjie" (Explanation of Materia Medica): Enters the foot Shaoyang gallbladder meridian, hand Shaoyang triple burner meridian, hand Shaoyin heart meridian, and foot Shaoyin kidney meridian.
3. "Bencao Zaixin" (Renewed Materia Medica): Enters the spleen, lung, and kidney meridians.
Main Efficacy
Nourishes blood and enriches yin; moistens the intestines and promotes defecation; treats malaria; dispels wind; resolves toxins. Indicated for blood deficiency with dizziness and blurred vision; palpitations; insomnia; soreness and weakness of the waist and knees due to liver-kidney yin deficiency; premature graying of beard and hair; tinnitus; nocturnal emission; dry intestines and constipation; chronic malaria with body weakness; wind-rash and itching; sores and abscesses; scrofula; hemorrhoids.
1. "Bencao Gangmu" (Compendium of Materia Medica): This substance is warm in qi and bitter-astringent in flavor. Bitter nourishes the kidney, warm nourishes the liver, and it can astringe essence-qi; therefore it can nourish blood and benefit the liver, secure essence and nourish the kidney, strengthen sinews and bones, and darken the hair. It is a fine tonic, neither cold nor drying, and its efficacy surpasses that of Rehmannia and Asparagus cochinchinensis. When qi and blood are greatly harmonized, then wind-deficiency, abscesses, scrofula, and other diseases can be eliminated.
2. "Bencao Huiyan" (Collected Discourses on Materia Medica): It is only because its nature is good at astringing that it can be used for those with slippery essence, can stop dysenteric diarrhea, and can cut short chronic malaria with scattered deficient qi; this too is nothing but speculative wording. If it is seminal emission due to instability of original yang, diarrhea and dysentery due to sinking of middle qi, or unceasing malaria attacks due to exhausted spleen origin, these three conditions should naturally be treated with sweet-warm cultivating formulas.
3. "Bencao Fengyuan" (Encountering the Origin of Materia Medica): Used raw, its nature also includes dispersing, and it is used for cold-heat malaria as well as carbuncles, gangrene, and back sores.
4. "Bencao Qiuzhen" (Seeking the Truth of Materia Medica): He Shou Wu enters and communicates with the liver; it is a yang medicine within yin, therefore it specifically enters the liver meridian for the purposes of benefiting blood and dispelling wind. Its concurrent action of tonifying the kidney is also due to tonifying the liver and thereby extending to it.
5. "Bencao Jingdu" (Reading of Materia Medica): I often select and use it for chronic malaria and chronic dysentery.
6. "Chongqing Tang Suibi" (Essays from Chongqing Hall): Internally it regulates qi and blood, externally it disperses sores and abscesses; its efficacy is close to that of Angelica sinensis, and it is also a qi medicine within blood.
7. "Bencao Zhengyi" (Orthodox Meaning of Materia Medica): It specifically enters the liver and kidney, tonifies and nourishes true yin, and its flavor is indeed very thick, slightly concurrently bitter-astringent, while its nature is mild and harmonious. All of this accords with the principle of storage and sealing of the lower burner, therefore it can fill and benefit essence-qi and has the effect of balancing yin and yang, and cannot be compared to Rehmannia, which is partial to yin congealing.
8. "He Shou Wu Lu" (Record of He Shou Wu): Mainly treats the five hemorrhoids, chronic cold qi in the waist and abdomen, lengthens sinews and benefits essence, enables eating, boosts qi strength, grows skin, and prolongs life.
9. "Rihuazi Bencao" (Rihuazi's Materia Medica): Treats all cold qi and intestinal wind.
10. "Kaibao Bencao" (Kaibao Materia Medica): Treats wind sores of the head and face, the five hemorrhoids, stops heart pain, benefits blood and qi, darkens the temples, improves complexion, and also treats various postpartum and leukorrhea diseases in women.
11. Wang Haogu: Drains liver wind.
12. "Diannan Bencao" (Materia Medica of Southern Yunnan): Treats red and white vitiligo, sores, scabies, stubborn tinea, and skin itching. Cuts short malaria and treats phlegm malaria.
13. "Yaopin Huayi" (Moralized Meaning of Medicinal Substances): Benefits the liver, astringes blood, and enriches yin. Treats weakness of the waist and knees, soreness and pain of sinews and bones, cuts short deficiency malaria, stops kidney diarrhea, eliminates metrorrhagia and metrostaxis, and resolves leukorrhea.
Usage and Dosage
Internal use: Decoction, 10-20g; made into paste, steeped in wine, or made into pills or powders.
External use: Appropriate amount, decocted in water for washing, ground into powder for dusting, or mixed for application.
Medication Contraindications
Not suitable for those with clear watery diarrhea and those with damp phlegm. Avoid pork, blood, and scaleless fish. Avoid iron; antagonistic to radish. Avoid scallions and garlic.
Common Formulas
1. "Jishantang Jingyan Fang" (Experiential Formulas of Jishan Hall) Seven Treasures Beard-Beautifying Elixir: Darkens beard and hair, strengthens sinews and bones, secures essence-qi: Red and white He Shou Wu 1 jin each (soaked in rice-washed water for three to four days, peel scraped off with a porcelain shard, use 2 sheng of washed black beans, layer the beans and He Shou Wu in a sand pot with a wooden steamer, layer upon layer covering, steam until the beans are cooked, then remove, discard the beans, sun-dry, replace with beans and steam again, repeating nine times, sun-dry and grind into powder), red and white Poria cocos 1 jin each (peeled, ground into powder, washed with water to remove fascia and floating portions, take the sunken portions and roll into pieces, soak evenly in 10 bowls of human milk, sun-dry, grind into powder), Achyranthes bidentata 8 liang (remove sprouts, steep in wine for one day, steam together with He Shou Wu on the seventh steaming, up to the ninth, then sun-dry), Angelica sinensis 8 liang (steeped in wine, sun-dried), Goji berry 8 liang (steeped in wine, sun-dried), Cuscuta chinensis 8 liang (steeped in wine until sprouts form, ground to mush, sun-dried), Psoralea corylifolia 4 liang (stir-fried until fragrant with black sesame, avoiding iron utensils, pounded into powder in a stone mortar). Knead with refined honey into 150 pills the size of a pellet, take three pills daily, taken with warm wine at dawn, with ginger decoction at noon, and with salt decoction at bedtime. The remainder is made into pills the size of Firmiana seeds, take 100 pills on an empty stomach with wine daily; long-term use is extremely effective.
2. "Jingyan Fang" (Experiential Formula): Treats bone-softening wind, waist and knee pain, inability to walk, and generalized itching: Take large He Shou Wu with patterns, together with Achyranthes bidentata (cut) 1 jin each. Soak in 1 sheng of good wine for seven nights, sun-dry, pound into powder in a wooden mortar, and make into honey pills. Take 30 to 50 pills with wine on an empty stomach before meals daily.
3. "Chishui Xuanzhu" (Dark Pearls of the Red Water) He Shou Wu Pill: Treats chronic malaria with yin deficiency, with more heat and less cold; use this to tonify and cut short the attacks: He Shou Wu, ground into powder, made into pills with soft-shelled turtle blood, the size of soybeans, coated with cinnabar; at the onset of an attack, take two pills with plain boiled water at the fifth watch.
4. "Jingyue Quanshu" (Complete Works of Jingyue) He Ren Drink: Treats deficiency of both qi and blood with unceasing chronic malaria: He Shou Wu (from 3 qian up to 1 liang, used according to severity), Angelica sinensis 2 to 3 qian, ginseng 3 to 5 qian (or 1 liang, as appropriate), dried tangerine peel 2 to 3 qian (need not be used in cases of great deficiency), roasted ginger 3 slices (use 3 to 5 qian for those with much cold). Add 2 cups of water, decoct to eight-tenths, and take warm two to three hours before the onset. If the patient is a good drinker, steeping in wine overnight and then decocting with one added cup of water the next morning is also excellent; for the second decoction, wine need not be used.
5. "Waike Jingyao" (Essentials of External Medicine) He Shou Wu Powder: Treats generalized sores, swelling, itching, and pain: Saposhnikovia divaricata, Sophora flavescens, He Shou Wu, and Mentha haplocalyx in equal parts. Grind into a coarse powder; for each use take half a liang, add equal parts water and wine, totaling 1 dou 6 sheng, decoct for ten boils, wash while hot, and sleep in a place sheltered from wind.
6. "Shenghui Fang" (Sagely Benevolence Formula) He Shou Wu Pill: Treats scrofula developing on the neck with discomfort in the throat: He Shou Wu 2 liang, kelp 2 liang (washed to remove saltiness), sparrow droppings 1 liang (lightly stir-fried), musk 1 fen (finely ground), Gleditsia sinensis 10 pieces (remove black skin, coat with butter, roast until yellow, remove seeds). Grind the above medicines and sift into powder, add the previously ground musk and grind together evenly; take 1 jin of fine white mutton, cut finely, grind further and mix together, pound five to seven hundred times, and make into pills the size of Firmiana seeds. After each meal, take 15 pills with Schizonepeta tenuifolia decoction.
7. "Bencao Huiyan" (Collected Discourses on Materia Medica): Treats spreading scrofula with alternating chills and fever and emaciation, which is due to stagnated fire in the liver meridian and becomes consumptive if untreated for long: He Shou Wu the size of a fist, 1 jin, peeled and processed as per method, combined with Prunella vulgaris 4 liang, Bolbostemma paniculatum, Angelica sinensis, and Cyperus rotundus 3 liang each, and Ligusticum chuanxiong 1 liang. Grind together into powder and make into honey pills. Take 3 qian each morning and evening.
8. "Boji Fang" (Universal Relief Formula): Treats scabies and tinea all over the body: He Shou Wu and Artemisia argyi in equal parts, chopped into powder. Use according to the number of sores, decoct in water until thick, wash in a basin; it greatly relieves pain and promotes tissue regeneration.
9. "Shenghui Fang" (Sagely Benevolence Formula): Treats wind-toxin of the large intestine with unceasing bloody diarrhea: He Shou Wu 2 liang, pounded and finely sifted into powder; take 1 qian each time before meals, mixed with warm rice porridge.
10. "Binhu Jijian Fang" (Binhu's Collected Simple Formulas): Treats unceasing spontaneous sweating: He Shou Wu powder mixed with water, applied to the navel.
11. "Weisheng Zaxing" (Miscellaneous Notes on Health): Treats bleeding from trauma: Apply He Shou Wu powder and the bleeding stops immediately.
12. "Shibuzhai Yishu" (Medical Books of the Shibu Studio): Also commonly combined with mulberry fruit, black sesame, and Eucommia ulmoides to treat liver-kidney deficiency with soreness and weakness of the waist and knees, dizziness and blurred vision, and tinnitus and deafness, as in Shou Yan Shou Dan (Longevity-Extending Elixir).
Pharmacological Effects
Effects on the Central Nervous System
Using the mouse step-down test and dark avoidance test, He Shou Wu decoction at 60g/kg by gavage showed significant antagonistic effect on scopolamine-induced memory acquisition impairment in mice.
Lowering Blood Lipids and Anti-Arteriosclerosis
He Shou Wu alcohol extract at 0.084, 0.84, and 8.4g/kg by gavage for 6 consecutive weeks could inhibit the elevation of plasma total cholesterol, triglycerides, free cholesterol, and cholesterol esters in hyperlipidemic quail, and delay the formation and development of atherosclerosis.
Effects on the Hematopoietic System
He Shou Wu water decoction alcohol precipitate liquid at 1g/ml and 0.2g/ml by subcutaneous injection only, using the in vivo diffusion chamber method, was proven to promote the growth of mouse bone marrow granulocyte progenitor cells. Raw He Shou Wu and processed He Shou Wu (prepared by high-pressure method) each administered by gavage as warm infusion at 30g/kg for 14 consecutive days; in hemorrhagic blood-deficiency mice, processed He Shou Wu could increase blood red blood cell count and hemoglobin content, while raw He Shou Wu had no significant effect.
Effects on Immune Function
Decoctions of raw He Shou Wu, He Shou Wu steamed with black bean juice for 32 hours (preparation 1), and He Shou Wu steamed nine times and sun-dried nine times with black bean juice (preparation 2), at 6g/kg by gavage for 7 consecutive days; experimental results showed that preparation I enhanced the ability of mouse peritoneal macrophages to engulf chicken red blood cells and antagonized the inhibitory effect of prednisolone on macrophages. Preparation I increased red blood cell immunity, increased the mouse red blood cell C3b receptor rosette rate, decreased the immune complex rosette rate, and antagonized the immunosuppressive effect of prednisolone. Raw He Shou Wu and preparation II had no significant effect.
Effects on Metabolism
Raw He Shou Wu and processed He Shou Wu alcohol cold-soaked liquid each administered by gavage at 350mg per animal; processed He Shou Wu could increase liver glycogen content in adrenalectomized starved mice by 6 times, while raw He Shou Wu had no effect. He Shou Wu injection at 0.16, 0.03, and 0.01mg/ml in in vitro culture showed significant enhancement of DNA replication in rat suckling mouse liver cells.
Anti-Aging
He Shou Wu water-soluble components at 0.1 and 1.0g/ml could reduce type B monoamine oxidase (MAO-B) activity in the brains of rats and mice (MAO-B activity in the brains of elderly humans and aged animals is elevated). He Shou Wu decoction at 1g/ml, 0.5ml per animal by gavage for 7 consecutive days could increase adrenal weight in aged mice and raise superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in the body.
Anti-Platelet Aggregation
He Shou Wu powder at 4g/kg fed in the diet to rats for 8 consecutive weeks could antagonize ADP-induced platelet aggregation.
Toxicity
Raw He Shou Wu alcohol cold-soaked liquid by intraperitoneal injection had an LD50 of 5.5g/kg in mice. Processed He Shou Wu alcohol cold-soaked liquid by intraperitoneal injection at 300g/kg caused no death in mice. Raw He Shou Wu alcohol percolation liquid by gavage had an LD50 of 50g/kg in mice; processed He Shou Wu alcohol percolation liquid by gavage at 1000g/kg caused no death in mice.
Adverse Reactions
The UK Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency (MHRA) released relevant information on adverse reactions related to He Shou Wu: In traditional Chinese medicine, the root tuber of He Shou Wu is used as a tonic and anti-aging agent, commonly used to treat hair loss and premature graying of hair. Since March 30, 2006, 7 cases of suspected adverse reactions related to He Shou Wu were reported to the UK Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency through the Yellow Card system. All 7 reports were related to liver damage, of which 1 case was abnormal liver function, all 7 cases showed jaundice, 2 cases were hepatitis, and 1 case was jaundice with liver function impairment. Patients included 5 women and 2 men, aged 36-70 years. The reason for use was treatment of hair loss (3 took ShenMin, 3 took Shou Wu Wan). All patients recovered after discontinuation. There are also case reports in the literature of hepatitis caused by taking He Shou Wu. The adverse reactions associated with He Shou Wu preparations present many signs and symptoms of liver disease, including jaundice (yellowing of the skin and sclera), darkening of urine, nausea, vomiting, fatigue, weakness, stomach pain, abdominal pain, and loss of appetite. If the above symptoms appear, seek medical attention promptly. If liver damage is confirmed, it is recommended to stop taking He Shou Wu. Patients with a history of liver disease or other serious diseases are advised to take this type of medication under the guidance of a doctor. Before medication (including the use of herbal preparations), consult a doctor or pharmacist to ensure reasonable treatment.
Latest Regulations
On July 15, 2014, according to the latest regulations issued by the State Food and Drug Administration, for health foods containing He Shou Wu produced after September 1, 2014, the label identification must add "persons with liver function insufficiency and those with a family history of liver disease" to the unsuitable population, and add "this product contains He Shou Wu, should not be taken in excess for a long time, avoid concurrent use with hepatotoxic drugs, and pay attention to monitoring liver function" to the precautions.
It is learned from the State Food and Drug Administration that, according to the results of adverse drug reaction monitoring, henceforth the daily dosage of raw He Shou Wu in health foods shall not exceed 1.5g, and the daily dosage of processed He Shou Wu shall not exceed 3.0g; products previously approved with dosages exceeding these shall be reduced to these regulated dosages; products whose health function includes auxiliary protection against chemical liver injury shall cancel that health function or remove He Shou Wu from the formula. For products where research shows that removing or replacing He Shou Wu does not affect product safety and function, the approval certificate holder may submit a formula change application according to the procedures for health food registration changes and provide relevant scientific basis.
The State Food and Drug Administration has issued a notice requiring the food and drug administration bureaus of all provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) to, based on the preliminary investigation and screening, urge enterprises to submit relevant change applications in accordance with relevant regulations within 3 months from the date of the notice, and provide full-item test reports of 3 batches of products based on product quality standards; urge production enterprises to strengthen raw material management, ensure that the technical requirements of the He Shou Wu raw material used comply with the relevant provisions of the Pharmacopoeia of the People's Republic of China, strengthen post-market safety monitoring of health foods containing He Shou Wu, take timely measures upon discovery of safety hazards, report relevant situations, and effectively safeguard consumer food safety.
It is reported that the State Food and Drug Administration, together with the National Health and Family Planning Commission and the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, organized relevant experts to conduct repeated research and demonstration on the issue of He Shou Wu as a health food raw material, and is organizing further systematic safety evaluation.
Clinical Application
Treatment of Malaria
Take He Shou Wu 6-8 qian, licorice 0.5-1 qian (reduced for children), 1 dose daily, decocted thickly for 2 hours, taken in 3 divided doses before meals, for 2 consecutive days. Treating 17 cases, 15 cases had symptoms eliminated after medication and attacks stopped; 2 cases had attacks controlled after taking 4 doses. After 4 months, 2 cases relapsed and were still cured with He Shou Wu. The time for malarial parasites to turn negative was generally 2-21 days after symptom control. During treatment, there were generally no side effects, with only occasional mild diarrhea and vague abdominal pain.
Treatment of Whooping Cough
Take He Shou Wu 2-4 qian, licorice 0.5-1 qian, decocted in water, 1 dose daily, taken orally in 4-6 divided doses. Treating 35 cases: 19 cases cured (symptoms completely disappeared), 8 cases basically cured (paroxysmal spasmodic cough completely disappeared, only occasional two or three coughs remaining), 4 cases improved (frequency of paroxysmal spasmodic cough significantly reduced, cough brief), 4 cases ineffective. Through observation, it has obvious efficacy for cases without complications, especially those with poor response to various antibiotics or advanced cases. If it is at the initial stage, Plantago asiatica, Stemona japonica, Cynanchum glaucescens, Forsythia suspensa, and Lonicera japonica may be added for decoction; for nasal bleeding, hemoptysis, difficult expectoration, and wheezing cough with wheezing sounds, symptomatic treatment may be added as appropriate to improve efficacy. There are generally no side effects; some experience mild diarrhea after taking it, and a small amount of Chebula or poppy husk may be added.
Lowering Serum Cholesterol
He Shou Wu was made into tablets (containing 70% extract and 30% processed He Shou Wu powder), 5 tablets each time, 3 times daily, for half a month to 3 months; or He Shou Wu 1 liang decocted, once daily, for 1-2 consecutive months. With tablets treating 88 cases, 78 cases decreased, 2 cases unchanged, 8 cases increased. With decoction (a few with tablets) observing 20 cases, 16 cases decreased, 4 cases increased. After taking, a few cases had chest tightness and a feeling of rising fire, and some had increased frequency of bowel movements. If taken with the residue, the effect seems more obvious, and the diarrhea phenomenon is also more significant; tablets have a more obvious effect than decoction, and bowel movement frequency also increases, but it is still tolerable. This seems to indicate that the active ingredient of He Shou Wu for lowering cholesterol may be in the dregs. Another report states that He Shou Wu 2 qian, Taxillus chinensis 6 qian, and Polygonatum sibiricum 3 qian as a daily dose, made into tablets (He Shou Wu ground into powder passing through a 120-mesh sieve; Taxillus chinensis and Polygonatum sibiricum soaked in water for 1 hour, then decocted twice for 20 minutes each, filtered and concentrated into a paste, oven-dried and ground into powder; the two mixed evenly and pressed into tablets), taken in 2-3 divided doses. Observing 86 cases, serum cholesterol before treatment was all above 250 mg%, with an average value of 295.4±41.6 mg%, and the highest was above 400 mg%. After 2 months of medication, serum cholesterol decreased in 51 cases, with the maximum decrease being 190 mg%; no significant change (fluctuation range within ±20 mg%) in 29 cases; increased in 6 cases, with the maximum increase being 83 mg%; the average value was 257.2±51.1 mg%, with an average decrease of 38.2±47.1 mg%. β-lipoprotein was measured in 76 cases; the pre-treatment average was 755.7±355.0 mg%, and the post-treatment average was 672.1±256.0 mg%, with an average decrease of 84.6±257.0 mg%. Re-examination 1 month after stopping treatment showed that the lipid-lowering effect was still relatively stable. During the medication process, no obvious side effects were found, and there was no adverse effect on coexisting diseases (such as coronary heart disease and hypertension).
Treatment of Furuncles and Swellings
Take fresh He Shou Wu 2 jin, slice, place in a pot (do not use an iron pot), add water and decoct thickly into 250 ml. Apply externally to the affected area, 1-3 times daily. Treating 7 cases, all were cured within 3 days.
Common Medicinal Diets
He Shou Wu Stewed Chicken Soup
He Shou Wu can be made into dishes: black sesame, Chinese yam, and He Shou Wu powder; steamed pork liver with He Shou Wu; simmered chicken with He Shou Wu; sea cucumber soup with He Shou Wu; He Shou Wu, Codonopsis, and red date porridge; hawthorn and He Shou Wu porridge; or made into: He Shou Wu anti-hair-loss tea, He Shou Wu hair-darkening wine, He Shou Wu, Poria cocos, and Atractylodes macrocephala drink, and He Shou Wu liver slices for consumption. When consuming, attention should be paid to contraindications and incompatible combinations.
Processing and Preparation
1. Material selection;
2. Soaking, cleaning, removing mud.
3. Removing moisture;
4. Grading;
5. Cutting;
6. Drying in the shade;
7. Placing in the steaming basket;
8. Steaming;
9. Sun-drying:
10. Nine steamings and nine sun-dryings.
Chemical Composition of He Shou Wu
The root tuber of He Shou Wu contains anthraquinone compounds, mainly emodin, chrysophanol, physcion, rhein, and chrysophanol anthrone. It also contains stilbene compounds: resveratrol, piceid, 2,3,5,4'-tetrahydroxystilbene-2-O-D-glucoside, 2,3,5,4'-tetrahydroxystilbene-2-O-β-D-glucopyranoside-2″-O-gallate, and 2,3,5,4'-tetrahydroxystilbene-2-O-β-D-glucopyranoside-3″-monogalloyl ester. It also contains gallic acid, dextro-catechin, dextro-epicatechin, 3-O-galloyl(-)-catechin, 3-O-galloyl(-)-epicatechin, 3-O-galloyl-procyanidin B-2, 3,3'-di-O-galloyl-procyanidin B-2 [4], and β-sitosterol, and lecithin.
Identification Methods of He Shou Wu: Macroscopic Identification
Root tuber spindle-shaped or lump-like, generally slightly curved. Length 5-15cm, diameter 4-10cm. Surface
red-brown or reddish-brown, uneven, with irregular longitudinal grooves and dense wrinkles, and with transverse lenticels and fine root scars.
Texture hard, not easily broken. Cut surface pale yellow-brown or pale reddish-brown, powdery, with quasi-circular anomalous vascular bundles arranged in a ring in the phloem, forming a cloud-brocade pattern; the central xylem is relatively large, sometimes forming a wood core. Odor slight, taste slightly bitter and sweet-astringent. Those with heavy weight, firm texture, and abundant powder are considered superior.
Microscopic Identification
Transverse section of root tuber: The cork layer consists of several rows of cells filled with reddish-brown substances; lenticels can be observed. The phloem is relatively wide, scattered with anomalous vascular bundles, namely compound vascular bundles; another type is single vascular bundles, all of the collateral type. The cambium is ring-shaped; xylem vessels are relatively few, surrounded by tracheids and a few wood fibers. The center of the root tuber is primary xylem. Parenchyma cells contain starch grains and calcium oxalate cluster crystals.
Powder Characteristics
Brown
① Starch grains numerous; simple grains quasi-spherical, helmet-shaped, or triangular-conical, diameter 4-50μm, hilum in the shape of a herringbone, star, arc, or dot, lamellae indistinct. Compound grains diameter 6-51μm, composed of 2-9 component grains.
② Calcium oxalate cluster crystals relatively numerous, diameter about 80μm; occasionally cluster crystals are found fused with larger quasi-square crystals.
③ Bordered pit vessels diameter 17-178μm; there are also fine reticulate vessels.
Physicochemical Identification
1. Take about 0.1g of this product's powder, add 10ml of sodium hydroxide solution (1-10), boil for 3min, cool and filter. Take the filtrate, add hydrochloric acid to make acidic, then add an equal amount of ether, shake, and the ether layer should appear yellow. Separate 4ml of the ether layer, add 2ml of ammonia test solution, shake, and the ammonia liquid layer appears red. (Examination for anthraquinone compounds)
2. Take about 0.2g of this product's powder, add 5ml of ethanol, place in a water bath and boil for 3min, shaking continuously, filter while hot, and let cool. Take 2 drops of the filtrate, place in an evaporating dish and evaporate to dryness, and while hot add 1 drop of saturated antimony trichloride chloroform solution, which immediately appears purplish-red. (Examination for sterols)
3. Thin-layer chromatography: Take 5g of raw He Shou Wu powder (40 mesh), reflux-extract with 95% ethanol, recover the ethanol, and prepare a 1.5:1 extract for sample application. Also use emodin and physcion as reference substances. Apply separately onto a silica gel G-CMC plate (silica gel G above 300 mesh), develop with chloroform-methanol (80:20), development distance 10cm. Remove and air-dry; under visible light, in the test sample chromatogram, at positions corresponding to the reference substance chromatogram, the same colored spots appear; under ultraviolet light, the same fluorescent spots appear.
Cultural Background of He Shou Wu: Plant History
"Bencao Gangmu" (Compendium of Materia Medica) records: During the time of Emperor Wu of Han, there was a horse liver stone that could darken people's hair, so later people concealed this (He Shou Wu) name and also called it horse liver stone. [1] Li Ao of the Tang Dynasty wrote "Biography of He Shou Wu," saying: "The seedlings of He Shou Wu are like glossy wood, with leaves shaped like peach or willow leaves, with the back tilted, single and not opposite. There are male and female; the female's seedlings are yellow-white, the male's yellow-red. They grow far apart, and at night the vines intertwine or hide and transform out of sight." The medical work "Daming Bencao" ("Rihuazi Bencao," a work of the Five Dynasties period) records: Because He Shou Wu's vine intertwines at night, it was picked and eaten with effect, and it was named after the person who picked it. "Kaibao Bencao" (Song Dynasty) says: "It originally came from Nanhe County, Shunzhou; now it is found in all prefectures beyond the ridges and south of the Yangtze. The vine is purple, the flowers yellow-white, the leaves like Dioscorea but not glossy. They grow opposite each other, the root is as large as a fist, and there are two kinds, red and white; the red is male, the white is female." At that time, there were already records of processing He Shou Wu with vinegar. [2] Japanese scholar Utako Oga collected a He Shou Wu specimen in July 1918 at Deli Temple in present-day Fuxian, Liaoning Province, China, which is stored in the Herbarium of the Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing.
Legendary Stories
Folk tradition holds that taking He Shou Wu can prolong life and prevent aging, and there is also a legendary story behind this. It is said that long ago, in Nanhe County, Shunzhou, there was a young man named Tian'er. From childhood, Tian'er was weak and sickly, thin as a stick, dizzy and weak, so he went out to seek folk herbal medicines to treat his illness. One day he walked to a temple, and being hungry and lacking strength, he fainted. He became a disciple of the Taoist priest in the temple, carefully practiced Taoist arts, and devoted himself to studying daoyin (guided breathing exercises) to strengthen his body, and his health improved greatly. In a flash, 30 years passed, and Tian'er was over 50, unmarried. One day, Tian'er gathered with friends and drank a few extra cups of wine. On the way back, he lay drunk on a small path and did not wake. In a hazy state, he seemed to see two vines over three chi long intertwining together, not separating for a long time; shortly after separating, they intertwined again, repeating endlessly. Seeing this scene, Tian'er felt strange, and suddenly sobered up, finding himself lying under the vines by the roadside. Out of curiosity, he dug out the root under the vine; its shape, size, thickness, and length varied. He returned to the temple to ask the Taoist master and the other Taoist priests, but none knew what kind of plant it was. One day, on the mountain, he happened to meet an old man with long hair in the mountains, whose steps were quick, whose ears were sharp and eyes bright, and whose beard and hair were black. Tian'er asked the old man what this was and told him the dream. The old man said, the intertwining appearance of this vine is indeed strange, but it seems to be an auspicious sign of dragon and phoenix, a blessing sent down from heaven, a divine medicine granted to you; you might as well try taking it. Tian'er felt this made sense, said thanks to the old man for his advice, and looked up to find the old man had already disappeared, which made him break out in a sweat. He went back, sun-dried this root and ground it into powder, and took it daily. After taking it for some time, Tian'er felt increasingly strong, and his old ailments healed themselves. After taking it for more than a year, Tian'er's beard and hair became black, his complexion moist and radiant, seeming to show signs of rejuvenation, and in his sixties he married a young woman and even had children. Overjoyed, Tian'er changed his name to Nengsi and passed on the method of taking this medicine to his son Yanxiu, and then to his grandson He Shou Wu. After Shou Wu took this medicine, his beard and hair remained black into old age without changing, his physique was strong, and he had many descendants. When Shou Wu reached the age of 130, his beard and hair were still not white, black and glossy like a young man. Neighbors and common people came to ask Shou Wu what immortality medicine he took; Shou Wu took out this oddly shaped root and introduced it to the villagers, but none of the common people knew what it was. A leader said, then let's call it He Shou Wu; "He" is Shou Wu's surname. From then on, the effect of He Shou Wu for prolonging life and preventing aging spread among the people, and later medical practitioners included it in materia medica as a medicine.
Folk Legends
In the seventh year of the Yuanhe era of the Tang Dynasty, the monk Wenxiang met an old man of Mount Mao and transmitted this matter. Li Ao wrote "Biography of He Shou Wu": He Shou Wu was a man of Nanhe County, Shunzhou. His grandfather was named Nengsi, and his father was named Yanxiu. Nengsi's original name was Tian'er; he was born weak and frail, and at the age of 58 had no wife or children. He often admired Taoist arts and followed his teacher in the mountains. One day, drunk and lying in the mountain wilderness, he suddenly saw two vines, about three chi apart, whose seedlings and tendrils intertwined, and after a long while separated, and after separating intertwined again. Tian'er was astonished at the strangeness, and at dawn he dug up the root and returned. He asked various people, but none recognized it. Later, an old man from the mountains suddenly came and showed it to him. He answered: "Since you have no descendants, and this vine is unusual, this may be a divine medicine; why not take it?" So he pounded it into powder and took one qian with wine on an empty stomach. After seven days, he thought of sexual desire; after several months, his body was strong and healthy, so he often took it, and increased the dose to two qian. After a year, his old ailments were all cured, his hair was black, and his appearance was youthful. Within ten years, he had several sons, and then changed his name to Nengsi. Later, he and his son Yanxiu took it, and both lived to 160 years. Yanxiu begot Shou Wu. After Shou Wu took it, he also had several children, and at the age of 130, his hair was still black. There was a man named Li Anqi, who was friendly with Shou Wu's hometown, and secretly obtained the formula and took it, and his lifespan was also long. So the matter was narrated and transmitted.
Plant Anecdotes
On January 25, 2015, Lu Ji'an, an old traditional Chinese medicine doctor living in a residential compound on Huayuan Avenue in the new urban district of Xiaochang, and his apprentice Yang Manhua, on the barren mountain cliffs within Fengshan Town, south of Huashichong Reservoir
dug up a pair of wild He Shou Wu, one weighing 3 kg and the other weighing 2.5 kg. They were preliminarily identified as wild He Shou Wu of about four hundred and five hundred years old, respectively.
Discovery Cases
On February 25, 2015, at the home of Shi Xiangui in Shanxia Shi Village, Yuandong Township, Jindong District, Zhejiang Province, a root-like object suspected to be He Shou Wu, weighing 23 jin and 3.3 m long, attracted many villagers to gather and watch. The root-like object resembled a dragon from mythology; Shi Xiangui tied red cloth strips and decorated it with evergreen and cypress branches to add to the New Year festive atmosphere. It is reported that Shi Xiangui discovered the root-like object two days earlier on a cliff by a mountain near the village; to keep the root fibers intact, he and his son spent two days digging it out with their bare hands. [13]
On April 28, 2015, Zhong Fusheng, a villager of Lvquan Village, Luxi County, Pingxiang City, claimed that when he went up the mountain to gather Chinese herbal medicines, he dug out a He Shou Wu 36 cm long and weighing 3.75 kg. Forestry department personnel said that for wild He Shou Wu to grow this large, it would take at least 500 years.
This He Shou Wu, from its appearance, looks like a human body model; the head, body, reproductive organs, and limbs are all very distinct, and it looks lifelike. It is understood that this He Shou Wu is 36 cm long and 16 cm wide.
Mr. Zhong said that when he has nothing to do, he often goes up the mountain to gather various Chinese herbal medicines. On the morning of the 28th, he found a thriving plant on the mountain ridge in the village. Mr. Zhong said that when he dug it, he saw that this object shaped like a "human body" was still connected to external vines and leaves. Because he had experience researching herbs, 64-year-old Zhong Fusheng knew this was a precious plant. "In order not to damage its original 'body shape,' I dug very carefully the whole time and brought it back intact to my home in the county town." He weighed it on a scale, and it weighed a full 3.75 kg.
On the morning of the 29th, the reporter accompanied Mr. Zhong to the Pingxiang City Forestry Bureau. Deng Shubo, station chief of the extension station of the forestry science institute of the city's forestry bureau, said that from the appearance of its stem, the color is brown, accompanied by irregular patterns, and from observation of its leaves and the length of the vine, its overall appearance indeed matches the plant appearance and morphology of He Shou Wu.
Deng Shubo said that for the He Shou Wu discovered by Mr. Zhong, with this kind of appearance, if wild, several decades would not be enough to grow it; for one over 3 kg, it should require more than 500 years of growth.
After learning of this situation, someone expressed willingness to pay 7,000 yuan to buy it, but Mr. Zhong refused. Mr. Zhong said he would keep it well so that more people could see its miraculous appearance.
He Shou Wu (Polygonum multiflorum) pictures