Detailed Explanation of the Planting Value and Seedling Cultivation and Afforestation Techniques of Rhodoleia championii
Although Rhodoleia championii is native to the south, because it has very high ornamental value (and also contains medicinal value), it is loved by the majority of flower enthusiasts and has now become a high-quality ornamental tree selected for courtyards and scenic areas. As a unique ornamental plant of Shimen Park, it attracts a large number of literati, photography enthusiasts and tourists every year, driving the development of the local tourism industry. Next, let's take a look together at the planting value and seedling cultivation and afforestation techniques of Rhodoleia championii.
1 The planting value of Rhodoleia championii
1.1 Ornamental value
The trunk of Rhodoleia championii can grow to about 12 m, and the overall appearance of the tree is graceful; Rhodoleia championii is an evergreen tree, with a dark green upper surface and a layer of blue wax powder on the underside, which is very beautiful; as a tree with a relatively large amount of blooming, Rhodoleia championii has a particularly long flowering period, lasting from late December each year all the way to April of the following year, with the full bloom period in March to April each year, giving it great ornamental value.
1.2 Wood processing
The trunk of Rhodoleia championii is relatively thick and strong, and the texture is hard, corrosion-resistant, and easy to process. Therefore, it is also a high-quality wood material, generally used for furniture, building decoration and finishing, vehicle parts, etc. It can not only drive the growth of the local forestry economy, but also promote the deep processing of forestry, which is beneficial to the economic development of the primary and secondary industries.
1.3 Medicinal value
Rhodoleia championii is not only an ornamental plant, but also has medicinal value. The leaves of Rhodoleia championii can be used as medicine, and the main effect is to treat trauma, especially with the best effect in treating knife wounds. At the same time, the leaves of Rhodoleia championii can treat bleeding disorders. Rhodoleia championii honey also has medicinal value. The nectar has effects such as dispelling wind-dampness, activating blood and dissipating stasis, and reducing swelling and relieving pain. It is very effective for treating rheumatism, lumbar muscle strain, swelling and pain from traumatic injuries with blood stasis, and postpartum wind paralysis, etc.
2 Seedling cultivation techniques of Rhodoleia championii
2.1 Seed seedling cultivation
2.1.1 Collecting seeds
For seed seedling cultivation, high-quality Rhodoleia championii seeds should be selected. Generally, robust trees with a growth period of more than 15 years and free of pests and diseases are selected, and trees that grow vigorously and receive relatively sufficient light are best used as mother trees. The seed collection time is October to November each year. When collecting seeds, first observe the fruit; it is best when the fruit changes from green to yellow-green, and it is best to collect before the seeds crack. After collecting the seeds, place them in a shaded place to air-dry until the fruit shells crack, then select plump seeds and store them sealed, taking them out again in the suitable planting season.
2.1.2 Sowing
The best time to sow Rhodoleia championii seeds is January each year. Before sowing, first level the land. When sowing, the seeds can be fully mixed with fine sand and then broadcast into the land. After sowing, cover the land with a layer of burned soil (thickness of 0.3-0.5 cm), then cover with a layer of rice straw and water. After clearing the weeds in the field, dig ring-shaped trenches 5-10 cm deep between the plants, scatter fertilizer into the trenches, and then cover with topsoil to avoid loss of fertility.
2.1.3 Transplanting
When the seeds have been sown for about 20 days, the seeds have already germinated and emerged. During this period, the seedlings should be watered frequently to keep the land moist, until the seedlings grow to 3-4 leaves, at which point they can be transplanted. This transplanting mainly moves the seedlings from the land into nutritional bags, and the water and fertilizer management of the seedlings should be strengthened, until the seedlings grow to 30 cm, when they can be moved out of the nursery for the next stage of the afforestation project.
2.2 Cutting seedling cultivation
2.2.1 Seedbed preparation
The seedbed should be chosen under conditions closest to those where Rhodoleia championii grows, to promote healthy growth of the seedlings and improve seedling quality. Use 80% yellow subsoil fully mixed with 20% river sand as the seedling substrate. Before cutting, first water the seedbed to wet the substrate, then disinfect the soil with a 0.25% potassium permanganate solution, so as to prevent viruses and bacteria in the soil and substrate from affecting the growth of the seedlings.
2.2.2 Cutting treatment
When taking mother plants and cuttings, choose Rhodoleia championii that is free of pests and diseases and growing well. After selecting the mother plant, choose lignified current-year branches on the sunny side and use them as cuttings. The length of the cuttings is usually 6-8 cm. When collecting cuttings, the cut should be flat on top and slanted at the bottom to reduce damage to the mother plant. When necessary, apply medicine to the cut to avoid infection and affect tree growth. For collected cuttings, place the base 2-4 cm in a 2000 mg/L naphthaleneacetic acid solution and soak for 30 minutes, which can achieve the purpose of disinfection and help improve the survival rate of the cuttings.
2.2.3 Cutting
Rhodoleia championii is propagated by cuttings, and the cuttings are generally inserted at an angle. The cutting depth should not be too deep or too shallow; keeping it at about 1/2 of the cutting is best. After inserting the cuttings into the soil, water them, and water thoroughly. It is best to use iron strips or bamboo poles to build a small arch shed and cover it with plastic film. This can both keep warm and prevent cold, and maintain indoor humidity, improving the survival rate of cutting seedling cultivation.
2.3 Tissue culture
2.3.1 Surface sterilization
First, disinfect and sterilize the prepared Rhodoleia championii stem segments with axillary buds. The operation method is: treat with 75% alcohol for 10 s + 0.1% HgCl2 for sterilization for 8 minutes. For stem segments with terminal buds, treat with 75% alcohol for 10 s + 0.1% HgCl2 for sterilization for 5 minutes. After disinfection and sterilization, bacteria on the surface of the leaf buds and so on will all be killed. In this way, when carrying out tissue culture, the mortality rate of the tissue can be greatly reduced, which helps reduce cultivation costs and lower economic losses.
2.3.2 Primary culture
In order to cultivate good primary tissue, the most suitable combination of culture medium formula can be used, such as MS + 6-1.5 mg/L + NAA 0.2 mg/L.
2.3.3 Subculture
For subculture, the optimal combination generally used is WPM + 6-BA 0.5 mg/L + NAA 0.2 mg/L. Using this formula can make the multiplication multiple reach 4.2.
2.3.4 Rooting culture
The most suitable formula for rooting culture is 1/2 WPM + NAA 0.2 mg/L + IBA 0.5 mg/L, which can allow Rhodoleia championii plants to grow healthily, significantly shorten the rooting time (shortened by 16 days), and the rooting rate of the plants can reach 84.34%. After rooting, Rhodoleia championii can be transplanted. The best transplanting substrate is a mixture of peat and vermiculite, with a ratio of 1:1.
3 Afforestation techniques of Rhodoleia championii
3.1 Land preparation
Before afforestation, do a good job of land leveling, requiring the land surface to be level with no overly large clods of soil. Rhodoleia championii is usually planted in holes. After leveling the land, dig open holes, with the size of the holes kept at about 50 cm x 50 cm x 40 cm, and the row spacing between plants at 2.5 m x 3 m. After digging, add base fertilizer in the holes, usually compound fertilizer, applying 0.15 kg in each hole, and then apply 0.2-0.25 kg of superphosphate.
3.2 Seedling planting
The most suitable time for transplanting seedlings is spring, generally completed before April, and the best time to plant is after rain. Because the soil is relatively moist at this time, after opening the nutritional bag of Rhodoleia championii, place it together with the root soil ball into the dug tree hole, then straighten the seedling and use your foot to compact the soil around it. After transplanting, check the saplings regularly. If dead plants are found, remove them in time and replant.
3.3 Field management
Tending work should be carried out for the transplanted saplings, generally for 3 consecutive years, twice each year. The first time is from May to June each year, and the second time is from October to November. The main work of tending is clearing weeds, loosening the soil around the roots, and fertilizing, etc. In addition, pest and disease control of Rhodoleia championii should also be done well. During the growing period, regularly spray 2-3 times with 90% trichlorfon, or 500-600 times dilution of 80% malathion emulsion, to prevent the occurrence of pests and diseases.
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Rhodoleia championii profileRhodoleia championii Rhodoleia championii
Cultivation methods and precautions of Rhodoleia championii Introduction to Rhodoleia championii
Rhodoleia championii is an evergreen tall tree of the genus Rhodoleia, living in mid-altitude areas and often used as a timber tree species. It is distributed in Guangdong Province. Rhodoleia championii is native to southern China and was first discovered in 1849 by Captain Champion on the hillside of Aberdeen, Hong Kong, China. Rhodoleia championii is suitable for planting in places near water, with sufficient sunlight and some shade, and is widely planted for ornamental purposes.
Morphological characteristics of Rhodoleia championii Whole plant
Height: can reach 9 m
Leaf nature: evergreen tree
Trunk and branches: the trunk is tall and straight, the branches spread out, and there are many branches.
Bark: the bark is brown with irregular cracks. White nodes are evenly distributed on the bark.
Leaves: leaves alternate, simple, lanceolate, and the blade can reach up to 15 cm long. The leaf tip is blunt, the base suddenly narrows, the margin is entire, and the leaf texture is hard. The upper surface of the leaf is dark green, while the underside is lighter and covered with a layer of bluish wax powder; the petiole is reddish and clustered at the ends of the branches.
Flowers: flowers bisexual, irregularly arranged, blooming from midwinter to early spring. The flowers are dark red, bell-shaped, about five together at the ends of branches or in leaf axils, forming a head-like inflorescence, surrounded by four or five whorls of rust-colored imbricate bracts.
Fruit: woody capsule, about 1 cm in diameter, containing 20 to 30 irregularly shaped gray-brown seeds. When mature, it splits open at the top and releases the seeds.
Evergreen tree 12 m tall, young branches rather stout, hairless, wrinkled after drying, dark brown. Leaves thickly leathery, ovate, 7-13 cm long, 4.5-6.5 cm wide, apex blunt or slightly pointed, base broadly cuneate, with three main veins, dark green and glossy above, gray-white below, hairless, with many small nodular protrusions after drying; lateral veins 7-9 pairs, obvious on both sides, reticulate veins not obvious; petiole 3-5.5 cm long. Head-like inflorescence 3-4 cm long, often drooping; peduncle 2-3 cm long, with 5-6 scale-like small bracts; involucral bracts ovate, unequal in size, the uppermost larger, covered with brown short pubescence; calyx tube short, apex truncate; petals spatulate, 2.5-3.5 cm long, 6-8 mm wide, red; stamens as long as petals, filaments hairless; ovary hairless, style slightly shorter than stamens. Head-like fruit cluster 2.5-3.5 cm wide, with 5 capsules; capsule ovate, 1.2 cm long, without persistent style, pericarp thinly woody, splitting open in 4 valves on the upper half after drying; seeds flat, yellow-brown. Flowering period March-April.
Ecological habits of Rhodoleia championii
A neutral to sun-loving tree species, young Rhodoleia championii trees are shade-tolerant, and after maturity they prefer light. It requires an annual average temperature of 19°C to 22°C, and can tolerate an absolute low temperature of -4.5°C. It is suitable for growing in red-yellow soils and red soils (acidic to slightly acidic soils) derived from granite and sandstone-shale. On slopes with deep and fertile soil, it can grow into large-diameter timber, and it can also grow on dry and barren ridges. A 10-year-old tree is 7 to 8 m tall, with a diameter at breast height of 15 to 18 cm.
Interspecific differences of Rhodoleia championii
Distributed in central and western Guangdong. The wild species produced in central Guangdong and Hong Kong, China has flowers 3 cm long, but cultivated species have flowers up to 4 cm long, making it the species with the largest flowers in this genus. Specimens distributed in the mountainous areas of western Guangdong have shorter and smaller flowers and slightly narrower petals, but the leaves remain ovate, which can distinguish it from Rhodoleia parvipetala.
Identifying characteristics
The flower of Rhodoleia championii is shaped like a bell and is quite large, so it is also called "Bell King", but do not confuse the flower of Rhodoleia championii with that of Enkianthus quinqueflorus; the two belong to different families. The leaves of Rhodoleia championii have a hard texture, are smooth and hairless, the upper surface is dark green with a slight luster, and the underside is light green, covered with a layer of bluish wax powder; the petiole is reddish.
A little more knowledge: Rhodoleia championii is protected by the Forestry Regulations, Chapter 96A of the Laws of Hong Kong, China, and is a protected plant.
Landscape uses of Rhodoleia championii
The material is relatively light, with a fine structure and beautiful color, and can be used for furniture, vehicles and ships, plywood and veneer materials.
Propagation methods of Rhodoleia championii Seed collectionThe seeds mature from October to early November, and when the fruit ripens it changes from gray-green to yellow-green. After the capsule matures it splits open and the seeds scatter, so it must be collected in time. After collecting, dry until the fruit shells crack, sieve out the seeds, and store them dry. The 1000-seed weight is 2.5 to 4 grams, and the germination rate is only 7% to 8%.
Seedling cultivation methodsContainer seedling cultivation can be used, sowing immediately after collection or sowing in January of the following spring. Because the seeds are relatively small, the land should be carefully prepared before sowing. When sowing, mix the seeds with fine soil and broadcast evenly. After sowing, cover with fine soil, just enough so that the seeds are not visible, and scatter pine needles as cover, and water thoroughly.
Bagging seedlingsAbout 20 days after sowing, the seeds germinate and emerge. After the seedlings grow 3 to 4 leaves, move them to nutritional bags for cultivation, strengthen water and fertilizer management, and when the seedlings are 30 cm tall they can be moved out of the nursery for afforestation.
Cultivation techniques of Rhodoleia championii Afforestation methods
Establishing mixed coniferous and broad-leaved forests:Choose sparse pine and Chinese fir forest land at an altitude of 400 to 600 m, mixed-plant Rhodoleia championii in the middle and lower parts of the hillside, dig holes at a spacing of 2 x 2 m, and plant after rain from January to early March in spring. Within 3 years after afforestation, weed and loosen the soil 1 to 2 times each year to promote the growth of young trees.
Establishing evergreen broad-leaved mixed forests:It can be mixed with tree species such as Cinnamomum porrectum, Michelia macclurei, Elaeocarpus apiculatus, and Liquidambar formosana for afforestation. The mixing ratio is 1:4, that is, Rhodoleia championii accounts for 20% to 25%. The mixing method is uniform irregular planting, so as to form an artificial community similar to a natural forest.
Courtyard planting:Choose 2-3 year old large seedlings with soil, dig holes 50 x 50 x 40 cm, apply decomposed organic fertilizer, and strengthen fertilizer and water management to promote growth and development.
Medicinal or dietary therapeutic value of Rhodoleia championii
The medical information and health dietary information on Huhua Network are for reference only and cannot be used as a basis for diagnosis or medical treatment. Any health issues should be consulted with professional medical personnel, and the treatment of any disease should follow medical advice.
Ultimate flower-protecting task: love yourself, start from reality, and strictly follow medical advice. For illness, do not be careless, do not delay, do not give up hope, face it bravely, use love to warm the silent world, and use your heart to care for the flower field within.
The medical content on Huhua Network is for reference only and cannot be regarded as professional advice. Any health issues should be consulted with professional medical personnel. Medicinal information
[Medicinal name]: Rhodoleia championii
[Source]: the leaves of Rhodoleia championii, a plant of the family Hamamelidaceae.
[Effects]: activates blood and stops bleeding.
[Main indications]: used to treat bleeding disorders due to cold congealing the blood vessels.
[Nature, flavor and meridian entry]: pungent, warm. Enters the liver meridian.
[Usage and dosage]: Oral administration: 9-15 grams, decocted in water. External use: grind into powder and apply to the affected area.
[Alternative name]: Luoduomu ("Botanical Terminology")
[Distribution of animal and plant resources]: distributed in central and western Guangdong and coastal islands.
[Latin name]: Khodoleia championii Hook f
[Textual research]: first recorded in "Illustrated Handbook of Higher Plants of China".
[Chemical components of traditional Chinese medicine]: this product contains alkaloids.
Cultural background of Rhodoleia championii
"Rhodoleia championii": "Born with natural beauty hidden in deep mountains, glad that Lianmu knows the flower fairy. Green leaves connect with clouds dripping verdant green, red flowers reflect the sun as rosy clouds dye the sky. Rolling green waves ripple in the wind, bursts of delicate fragrance drift to the clouds. Golden bells hang high and red lotuses are pretty, the heart is forever connected with Amu."
Legend has it that during the Ming Dynasty, in the mountainous area of northern Gaozhou Prefecture in southwestern Guangdong, there was a beautiful village called Taoyuan Village (now Qincaitang Village, Magui Town, Gaozhou City), with green mountains and clear waters, like a land of peach blossoms beyond the world. In the village there was a scholarly family with a daughter named Li Honghe, who lived up to her name, like a graceful lotus emerging from the water, pure as ice and jade, transcendent and refined. In a neighboring village there was a young man named Lianmu, who was handsome and extraordinary in bearing, a man of outstanding appearance. The two had been childhood sweethearts, innocent and carefree, and had long sworn oaths under the moon, exchanging tokens of love, never to be separated. However, when the county magistrate of Gaozhou Prefecture heard that there was such a beautiful woman, he wanted his son to marry her, and sent people many times to propose marriage. Honghe's parents did not agree, and Honghe also vowed to die rather than comply. The anxious Li and Lian families discussed holding the wedding for Honghe and Amu early and letting them flee far away. On the very day of Honghe's marriage, the county magistrate sent a large group of men to seize Honghe. When they brought Honghe out of the village entrance, Honghe, while they were off guard, fearlessly threw herself down into the deep valley by the road. When Amu's wedding procession arrived, Amu found that Honghe had already left him, and grief surged in his heart, and he too jumped into the vast deep valley. The green mountains were speechless, and heaven shed tears. Amu and Honghe composed with their lives an eternal masterpiece of love.
Rhodoleia championii pictures
Cultivation techniques of Rhodoleia championii
Rhodoleia championii(RhodoleiachampioniiHook.f.) also known as Hongbaomu, an evergreen tree of the family Hamamelidaceae. Its trunk is straight, and the tree can reach 30 m tall, with a diameter at breast height of 80 cm. It blooms from late December each year to March of the following spring. The flower color is purplish red, and the petal edges are milky white and peach red, shaped like a bell and also like a lotus, hence the name Rhodoleia championii. Because its flowers are beautiful and brightly colored, its flowering period is relatively long, and it can bloom around the Spring Festival, it has become a good tree species for urban greening in Guangzhou.
Rhodoleia championii used to "live in seclusion in deep mountains". In recent years, after being discovered by forestry workers, it has been considered an excellent woody flower and gradually introduced for courtyards and ecological landscape forests. Ten years ago, Rhodoleia championii introduced to Liuxihe National Forest Park as a courtyard ornamental tree is now full of splendid flowers. The "Shenzhen Ecological Landscape Forest Construction Project" plan designed by the Survey, Planning and Design Institute of the State Forestry Administration also uses Rhodoleia championii mixed in blocks with Senna sulfurea, Delonix regia, Bombax ceiba, Liquidambar formosana, Sapium discolor, and Ormosia hosiei as four-season colored flowering tree species for ecological landscape forests.
As a neutral to sun-loving tree species, young Rhodoleia championii trees are shade-tolerant, and after maturity they prefer light. It requires an annual average temperature of 19°C to 22°C, and can tolerate an absolute low temperature of -4.5°C. It is suitable for growing in red-yellow soils and red soils (acidic to slightly acidic soils) derived from granite and sandstone-shale. On slopes with deep and fertile soil, it can grow into large-diameter timber, and it can also grow on dry and barren ridges. A 10-year-old tree is 7 to 8 m tall, with a diameter at breast height of 15 to 18 cm. The material is relatively light, with a fine structure and beautiful color, and can be used for furniture, vehicles and ships, plywood and veneer materials. The cultivation techniques are briefly introduced as follows:
Seed collection:The seeds mature from October to early November, and when the fruit ripens it changes from gray-green to yellow-green. After the capsule matures it splits open and the seeds scatter, so it must be collected in time. After collecting, dry until the fruit shells crack, sieve out the seeds, and store them dry. The 1000-seed weight is 2.5 to 4 grams, and the germination rate is only 7% to 8%.
Seedling cultivation methods:Container seedling cultivation can be used, sowing immediately after collection or sowing in January of the following spring. Because the seeds are relatively small, the land should be carefully prepared before sowing. When sowing, mix the seeds with fine soil and broadcast evenly. After sowing, cover with fine soil, just enough so that the seeds are not visible, and scatter pine needles as cover, and water thoroughly.
Bagging seedlings:About 20 days after sowing, the seeds germinate and emerge. After the seedlings grow 3 to 4 leaves, move them to nutritional bags for cultivation, strengthen water and fertilizer management, and when the seedlings are 30 cm tall they can be moved out of the nursery for afforestation.
Afforestation methods: (1) Establishing mixed coniferous and broad-leaved forests:Choose sparse pine and Chinese fir forest land at an altitude of 400 to 600 m, mixed-plant Rhodoleia championii in the middle and lower parts of the hillside, dig holes at a spacing of 2 x 2 m, and plant after rain from January to early March in spring. Within 3 years after afforestation, weed and loosen the soil 1 to 2 times each year to promote the growth of young trees.
(2) Establishing evergreen broad-leaved mixed forests:It can be mixed with tree species such as Cinnamomum porrectum, Michelia macclurei, Elaeocarpus apiculatus, and Liquidambar formosana for afforestation. The mixing ratio is 1:4, that is, Rhodoleia championii accounts for 20% to 25%. The mixing method is uniform irregular planting, so as to form an artificial community similar to a natural forest.
(3) Courtyard planting:Choose 2-3 year old large seedlings with soil, dig holes 50 x 50 x 40 cm, apply decomposed organic fertilizer, and strengthen fertilizer and water management to promote growth and development.