How can button mushrooms be cultivated to produce mushrooms in two flushes and achieve high yields?
Brown rot, also known as white rot, wet bubble disease, blister disease, etc., infects mushroom buttons when they are young, and the disease is caused by a fungus called Mycogone perniciosa. In the later stage, it forms irregular grayish-white "lumps" or deformed mushrooms, and a layer of "white fuzz" grows on the surface. That is, when the temperature of its pathogenic mycelium is above 20°C, in just 4-5 days...
1. Mushroom shed treatment Most mushroom sheds previously used were simple sheds with a single-slope roof or simple semi-underground sheds. During low-temperature seasons, it was difficult to use sunlight to raise the temperature, so after cultivation and production entered November, the shed temperature dropped along with the air temperature. When the lowest shed temperature reached 8°C, mushrooms no longer emerged, and only after the air temperature rose again in March of the following year could mushroom emergence resume. This inevitably prolonged the mushroom emergence period. After rebuilding the mushroom shed into an imitation winter-warm type or a sunlight-heating (winter-warm) type, the low-temperature period of more than two months from mid-December to late February could be fully used for mushroom emergence, extending the mushroom emergence time. The basic approach is: first, rebuild the original shed or directly build a new one according to the production plan. The wall thickness should be no less than 0.8 m, and the highest point inside the shed should be no less than 2.5 m. Generally, a length of about 40 m and a width of 6 m-7 m is suitable. Use "two films and two straw mats" for covering, and hang a layer of black plastic film inside the shed, so that during the low-temperature season when the straw mats are removed to raise the temperature, heat can enter without direct sunlight falling on the compost beds. Second, draw lines and dig trenches according to the cultivation beds. Generally, north-south beds are 1.2 m wide, and the working paths are 0.4 m-0.6 m wide. Dig the working paths about 0.2 m deep, and they can gradually become deeper near the southern section. The beds should be slightly turtle-backed in shape. Third, disinfection treatment. For a newly built mushroom shed, spray a 40-fold to 60-fold mushroom disease-removal king solution and a 600-fold dichlorvos solution, then close the mushroom shed, and it can be put into use after two days. For a rebuilt shed, apply the chemicals once more every other day to strengthen the disinfection and insect-killing effect. Finally, irrigate the shed. About 5 days before filling and sowing, irrigate the shed and let the water seep naturally so that the soil is fully soaked through. This first increases the humidity inside the shed and second lowers the shed temperature. 2. Compost treatment According to the preparation or storage situation of raw materials, choose an appropriate formula. Two formulas are provided for selection: ① Formula 1: wheat straw 3000 kg, cow manure 3000 kg, superphosphate 60 kg, urea 60 kg, lime powder 80 kg, gypsum powder 80 kg, light calcium carbonate 90 kg, soybean cake powder 100 kg, edible fungus three-dimensional nutrient essence (mixing type) 10 bags. ② Formula 2: corncob powder 2000 kg, cottonseed hull 2000 kg, cow manure 2000 kg, superphosphate 80 kg, urea 40 kg, lime powder 60 kg, gypsum powder 80 kg, light calcium carbonate 50 kg, soybean cake powder 60 kg, edible fungus three-dimensional nutrient essence (mixing type) 12 bags.