Technical method for cultivating straw mushrooms with spent golden needle mushroom substrate
In the cultivation management of golden needle mushrooms (Flammulina filiformis), because water should not be sprayed directly onto the fruiting bodies or into the substrate during the fruiting period, the substrate becomes severely short of water after the second flush is harvested, making it very difficult to produce more mushrooms. Growers therefore give up management, resulting in low yields, with the biological conversion rate generally reaching only about 130%. The amount of water content in the golden needle mushroom substrate is related to yield and quality...
Cultivating straw mushrooms with the waste material left after golden needle mushroom cultivation can achieve a biological efficiency of more than 30%, comparable to the yield of cultivating straw mushrooms with pure cottonseed hulls. The specific method is as follows: 1. Waste material treatment: Pour the substrate left after golden needle mushroom cultivation out of the mushroom bags, sun-dry it, crush it, and remove any moldy mushroom bags.
2. Formula: 85% golden needle mushroom waste material, 10% rice bran, 4% lime, 1% gypsum; in addition, adding dried fermented cow dung equal to 20% of the total dry material weight is even better.
3. Piling: 4-5 days before spawning, moisten the substrate and pile it up. When piling, cover with plastic film to raise the temperature; after 36 hours, turn the pile once, for a total of 3 turnings. The maximum temperature inside the pile is required to reach above 70°C.
4. Spawning: Select suitable-age spawn with robust mycelial growth, about 20 days of culture age, and a small amount of red chlamydospores at the shoulder of the bottle. Evenly sprinkle it onto the surface of the substrate, press down gently, and cover with plastic film to retain moisture.
5. Mycelial growth management: When the mycelium has colonized the substrate and both temperature and humidity are on the high side, promptly uncover the plastic film covering the substrate surface to encourage the mycelium to grow downward. Generally, about 6 days after spawning, fruiting body primordia begin to form.
6. Fruiting management: Before fruiting bodies form, cover with a 1 cm thick layer of fertile, moist garden soil. After fruiting bodies form, spray water several times a day onto the bed frames, floor, and air space to raise the air humidity of the cultivation room. When they have grown to the size of a soybean, water may be sprayed appropriately onto the mushrooms. The temperature of the spray water should be basically the same as the ambient temperature. Harvest immediately when the straw mushroom buttons are plump and firm and the volva has not yet split. During the second flush, spray a nutrient solution, such as 0.20% urea or No. 2 mushroom growth promoter.