Key Techniques for High-Yield Cultivation of King Oyster Mushroom in Winter and Spring
Cultivating king oyster mushroom in winter and spring is not only easy to achieve high yields, but the mushrooms also have thick, tender flesh, a delicious taste and rich nutrition, making them highly popular with consumers. The main techniques for high-yield cultivation of king oyster mushroom in winter and spring are as follows: 1. Cultivation time. From spawning to fruiting takes about 50 to 60 days. Generally, bag preparation and cultivation can be scheduled from October of the current year to February of the following year, and fruiting can occur from November of the current year to March of the following year. Cultivation can be done indoors or in outdoor greenhouses.
Cultivating king oyster mushroom in winter and spring is not only easy to achieve high yields, but the mushrooms also have thick, tender flesh, a delicious taste and rich nutrition, making them highly popular with consumers. The main techniques for high-yield cultivation of king oyster mushroom in winter and spring are as follows:
1. Cultivation time
From spawning to fruiting takes about 50 to 60 days. Generally, bag preparation and cultivation can be scheduled from October of the current year to February of the following year, and fruiting can occur from November of the current year to March of the following year. Cultivation can be done indoors or in outdoor greenhouses.
2. Substrate formulas
Formula 1: cottonseed hulls 60%-70%, wheat bran 15%-20%, cottonseed meal 10%-15%, sugar 1%, calcium carbonate 1%. Formula 2: mixed hardwood sawdust 68%-75%, wheat bran 10%-20%, cottonseed meal 10%-20%, sugar 1%, calcium carbonate 1%. Formula 3: mixed hardwood sawdust 30%-35%, cottonseed hulls 30%-35%, cottonseed meal 10%-20%, sugar 1%, calcium carbonate 1%, wheat bran 10%-20%.
3. Mixing ingredients and making bags
Choose one of the above methods, add water to the raw materials and mix thoroughly, with a water content of about 60%. Then fill into 15 cm x 30 cm polypropylene plastic bags. When filling, pack tightly at the bottom and loosely at the top, with the fill amount accounting for 60% of the bag, and make a hole in the middle reaching one third of the way into the substrate. Use a ring and cotton plug at the bag opening, and sterilize for 2 to 2.5 hours under high pressure of 1.5 kg per square centimeter.
4. Inoculation and mycelial running
Wait until the substrate temperature cools to below 23°C, then place in an inoculation box or sterile room and inoculate with spawn. Each 750 g bottle of spawn can inoculate 50 to 60 substrate bags. Then place the substrate bags in a disinfected, clean room for mycelial running culture, with the temperature controlled at 23°C-25°C, the indoor relative humidity controlled at about 70%, and ventilation 1 to 2 times a day. The spawn bags can be fully colonized in 25 to 35 days.
5. Bed arrangement and fruiting
The management of the king oyster mushroom fruiting body growth and development stage is the key to high yield and high quality. In the mushroom house, arrange the fully colonized spawn bags on shelves in layers, with 5 to 6 layers per shelf and a layer spacing of 25 cm. After arranging them, cover the bag surfaces with newspaper. Maintain a relative humidity of 80% and a temperature of 15°C-18°C. After about 15 days, uncover the newspaper, spray water 1 to 2 times a day, and maintain a relative humidity of 85%-90%. When cultivating in a greenhouse and humidity is high, the film can be uncovered for 30 minutes. In winter, also pay attention to removing carbon dioxide to avoid deformed mushrooms. Shade material should be set up above the mushroom shed to prevent direct strong light from discoloring the fruiting bodies. After producing 1 to 2 flushes of mushrooms, the spawn bags can be removed from the film, covered with 3 cm to 4 cm of soil, and managed by soil casing.