New Techniques for Field Cultivation of Wood Ear Mushroom
I. Cultivation Season and Material Preparation 1. Cultivation Time: The choice of cultivation time is the key to the success or failure of wood ear mushroom cultivation, and is closely related to yield and quality. Bag making should be chosen from early October to November, and can be appropriately advanced in high mountain areas. This period is relatively ideal, when room temperature is 28-15°C, and air relative humidity...
I. Seasonal ArrangementThe wood ear mushroom (Auricularia heimuer) is a wood-rotting fungus belonging to the medium-to-high temperature mushroom type. Its mycelium growth temperature range is 6-35°C, with the optimum being 22-280C; the general temperature range for fruiting body initiation and growth is 15-35°C, with the optimum being 20-28°C.
Based on the above characteristics, experts recommend that in northern regions centered on Shandong, Hebei, Shanxi and Henan, autumn production can be arranged for fruiting from August to October. However, due to differences in geography, climate, cultivation models, cultivation sites and management techniques across regions, the specific cultivation time should be adjusted accordingly, and one should not be dogmatic.
For the production of spawn bags, based on the planned fruiting time, it is generally sufficient to work backward about 45 days, but specific calculations should be made according to the substrate, formula, culture temperature, amount of filling and characteristics of the strain, while adhering to one principle: "Better early than late."
II. Strain Selection
Generally, in areas with a cultivation tradition, such as various parts of Northeast China, there are "local dominant strains" adapted to local conditions. However, in non-major production areas and new production areas, when there is no local dominant strain, one should carefully consult and try to select spawn from local areas or areas with similar conditions, and whenever possible, arrange fruiting trials and variety comparison trials.
III. Formulas
Formula 1: Use 220 kg of crushed wood chips, 30 kg of wheat bran, 1.5 kg of sucrose, 5 kg of superphosphate, 3 kg of gypsum powder, 0.8 kg of urea, 0.5 kg of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 1 bag of Baochenggong, and 1 bag of Edible Fungus Three-Dimensional Nutrient Essence (mixing type).
Formula 2: Use 160 kg of crushed wood chips, 60 kg of cottonseed hulls, 30 kg of wheat bran, 1.5 kg of sucrose, 5 kg of superphosphate, 3 kg of gypsum powder, 0.6 kg of urea, 0.5 kg of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 1 bag of Baochenggong, and 1 bag of Edible Fungus Three-Dimensional Nutrient Essence (mixing type).
IV. Substrate Treatment
Select raw materials such as broadleaf tree sawdust free of mold. After measuring according to the formula, except for the Edible Fungus Three-Dimensional Nutrient Essence, add water and mix well. Based on the texture of the raw materials and the ambient temperature at the time, build a pile and let the material sweat for 2-4 days to allow full water absorption and softening, avoiding sharp sawdust splinters puncturing the plastic bags. Under appropriate moisture and pile temperature conditions, certain contaminant spores begin to germinate, which helps improve the sterilization effect.
After the sweating period ends, spread out the pile, and while cooling it down, carry out the blending.
First dissolve the Edible Fungus Three-Dimensional Nutrient Essence in water, spray it evenly onto the material, and mix well. Then adjust the substrate moisture content to about 63%, the pH value to 7-7.5, and when the material temperature is below 28°C or at room temperature, bagging can begin.