Techniques for Cultivating Bailing Mushroom (Pleurotus nebrodensis) with Corn Stalks
Bailing mushroom, also known as white Ferula mushroom, is a large, fleshy flat mushroom of extremely high quality that originally grew wild in arid grasslands. After artificial cultivation, it is just as rich in protein and amino acids as the wild mushroom, with the highest levels of glutamic acid and arginine. In addition, it also contains abundant vitamin D and various mineral elements, making it a...
After the corn harvest, using corn stalks to cultivate Bailing mushroom can achieve a biological efficiency of 80-90%, comparable to the yield from cottonseed hull cultivation, while the cost is only half that of cottonseed hulls.I. Spawn production. Prepare the mother spawn substrate according to the formula of 98% corn kernels, 1% gypsum, and 1% sucrose. Boil the corn kernels in boiling water for 30 minutes, remove and drain, mix with gypsum and sucrose, then bottle and sterilize, and inoculate with mother spawn. After the mycelium has fully colonized the bottles, set aside for use. Prepare the cultivation spawn substrate according to the formula of 87% corncob granules, 10% rice bran, 1% gypsum powder, 1% compound fertilizer, and 1% lime. Soak the corncob granules in lime water with a pH of 10-12 for 12 hours, remove and drain until no water drips, then mix evenly with the other auxiliary materials, bottle (bag), sterilize, and after inoculation, culture at greenhouse temperature for 20-25 days.
II. Making cultivation bags. Prepare the cultivation substrate according to the formula of 75% crushed corn stalks (0.6-0.8 cm long), 20% corn kernels, 3% lime, 1% sucrose, and 1% salt. Sun-dry the corn stalks for 2-3 days, crush and sieve, and soak the corn kernels in clean water for 10-12 hours. Mix the formula ingredients, add water and mix evenly, with a material-to-water ratio of 1:1.2-1.4, pile into a heap 1.2-1.5 m wide and 1-1.2 m high, of unlimited length, cover with plastic film and ferment for 7 days. During this period, turn the pile 2-3 times, adjust the moisture content to 60%, and bag.
III. Sterilization and culture. Use a diesel drum for steam sterilization, first bringing the temperature inside the bags to 100°C and maintaining it for 16 hours, then inoculate when the material temperature drops to 30°C. Inoculate each bag with 40 g (wet weight) of cultivation spawn, cultivate in the dark, and control the indoor temperature at 25°C. In 35-40 days the mycelium will fully colonize the bags; continue culturing for 40 days to allow the mycelium to reach physiological maturity. During the post-maturation period, moderate light stimulation should be provided to promote mycelial knotting.
IV. Fruiting management. After the bags are well cultured, harvest mushrooms in batches. For fresh sales, use the method of removing the bag and upright soil-covering cultivation; for processing, use the trapezoidal wall-type soil-covering cultivation method, with the temperature controlled at 8-20°C. At night, remove the film and straw curtains to give low-temperature stimulation, and during the day provide scattered light stimulation to promote pinhead formation. When the primordia in the bag are the size of soybean, open the mouth; when the size of broad bean, enlarge the opening; when the size of a ping-pong ball, fold back the opening. Keep the temperature at 12-20°C and the relative air humidity at 85%-90%. Open doors and windows for ventilation for 30 minutes each morning and afternoon to keep the air in the shed fresh.
V. Harvesting and processing. Bailing mushroom takes 12 days from pinhead formation to harvest. Stop watering 1 day before harvest to reduce the humidity in the shed and improve mushroom quality. After harvest, stop watering for 5 days, clean the bag mouths, and carry out routine management; 2 flushes of mushrooms can be harvested.