When to sow peanuts? Detailed planting time and methods
Peanut planting time
Under normal conditions, peanuts are suitable for planting from the end of April to the beginning of May.
Peanut growing tips
I. Ridge cultivation
1. Clearing the seedlings and hardening the seedlings: Carry out when the seedlings have basically emerged completely. First pull out the weeds around the seedlings, then scrape away the soil so that the cotyledons are exposed above the ground. Be careful not to damage the roots. About half a month after clearing the seedlings, fill the soil back and bury the holes.
2. Intertillage and weeding: Carry out intertillage and weeding 3 times at the seedling stage, the cluster stage and the flowering stage. Follow the principle of “shallow, deep, shallow”, and be careful to prevent soil from being hilled up and pressing the seedlings during intertillage at the seedling stage; during intertillage at the flowering stage, prevent damaging the pegs.
3. Hilling: Carry out hilling half a month after flowering. It should not be too thick; 3cm is suitable.
II. Film-mulch cultivation
From mulching to emergence, if the film is found to be broken or not covered tightly, promptly use soil to press and bury it again and seal it tightly. When the seedlings break through the film and arch up the soil and begin to show true leaves, scrape away the soil on the film so that the cotyledons are exposed on the ground surface. If missing hills are found, immediately replant with seeds that have been sprouted. Before flowering, carry out 1 intertillage and weeding in the furrow. During the period from flowering and pegging to pod filling, according to the peanut growth condition, spray 500 times Xianke topdressing essence on the leaves to replace root topdressing, or spray 2 to 3 times a 500 times solution of 0.2%-0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate, or spray Diguo Zhuangtiling to increase nutrient transport, promote fruit development and increase peanut yield. During this period, if drought occurs, irrigate promptly.
When are peanuts planted? Introduction to peanut planting time and planting methods
Peanut planting time
Under normal conditions, peanuts are suitable for planting from the end of April to the beginning of May.
Peanut growing tips
1. Leveling the land
The peanut is an economic crop that flowers above ground and, after forming pegs, drills into the soil to set fruit. It is suitable for planting in loose sandy soil and oil sandy soil. The plot for planting peanuts should be deeply plowed, and with the plowing, apply 30-40 tons of high-quality farmyard manure per hectare, then press and compact 1-2 times after plowing. Where conditions permit, irrigation can be carried out first, then farmyard manure and chemical fertilizer can be mixed and applied into the furrow, ridges formed and pressed, ready for timely sowing. Note that peanuts like fresh soil and are not suitable for continuous cropping or alternating cropping. Better preceding crops are corn, millet and sorghum.
2. Cultivated varieties
For high peanut yield, good seed is the foundation. Peanut varieties suitable for planting in this region mainly include the Fuhua series varieties and the Jifu series varieties (commonly known as Silihong). The growth period is about 110-120 days. Select pods that are large, plump, uniform in shape and unbroken as seed. Before shelling, sun-dry for 1-3 days, and after shelling further select grains, choosing seeds with pure grain color and uniform shape as seed.
3. Scientific fertilization
Peanuts are relatively tolerant of poor soil, and fertilization should mainly be base fertilizer, applying 30 tons of farmyard manure per hectare; chemical fertilizer should mainly be phosphate fertilizer, applying 300-400 jin of diammonium phosphate per hectare. For planting peanuts in poor soil, apply an additional 200-300 jin of urea per hectare.
Layered fertilization: Fertilizer applied before sowing should be applied in two layers: base fertilizer and seed fertilizer.
Split fertilization: This mainly refers to quick-acting nitrogen fertilizer, which should adopt a split fertilization technique combining base fertilizer, seed fertilizer and topdressing. Quick-acting nitrogen fertilizer should mainly be base fertilizer and seed fertilizer. If fertilizer deficiency occurs during growth, promptly apply a targeted topdressing of a certain amount of urea or other fertilizer.
Deep fertilization: Base fertilizer should be applied 8-10 cm below the seed, seed fertilizer should be applied 3-5 cm below the seed, and the depth of topdressing should reach more than 10 cm.
4. Timely sowing and rational close planting
The suitable sowing period for peanuts in this region is early to mid-May. The specific sowing date depends on the weather conditions. The principle is: as long as the soil temperature at a depth of 5 cm stably passes 12°C, sowing can be carried out, with 3-4 seeds per hill, a soil covering thickness of 3-5 cm, and the upper grid pressed well; the second method is seed dibbling. If the subsoil moisture is insufficient, the water-sitting method must be used for planting. When using water-sitting planting, be sure to wait until the water has completely infiltrated before carrying out fertilization, sowing, soil covering and other steps.
Before sowing peanuts, soak the seeds to promote germination. Soak in warm water (two parts cold water to one part boiling water) for 3-4 hours, keep moist, and place at 20-25°C for sealed seed germination. After one day and night, they can sprout. When sowing, sow the seeds on moist soil to prevent the sprouts from drying out. Germinated seeds should be sown at any time and should not be left overnight, so as to avoid overly long sprouts and damage to the embryo. Peanuts are generally spaced sparsely in fertile soil and densely in poor soil; the suitable sowing density in this region is 150,000-200,000 plants per hectare. The suitable sowing density for each plot should be determined according to soil fertility and the density tolerance of the variety.
When is the best time to plant peanuts? Peanut planting time and methods
Peanut, also known as groundnut, earth bean, longevity fruit, etc., is an annual herbaceous plant of the genus Arachis in the Fabaceae family. Peanut is an important oil crop in China. The peanut oil pressed from it has a natural rich aroma, meets the Chinese people's demand for green quality, is deeply welcomed by the market, and has high planting value. So, when is the best time to plant peanuts? How to plant them? The planting time and methods of peanuts are introduced as follows.
I. Peanut planting time
The suitable sowing period for the spring-autumn double-cropping peanut region in the south is mid-February to March, the suitable sowing period for the spring-summer peanut alternating region in the Yangtze River Basin is late March to April, and the suitable sowing period for the northern large peanut region and peanut production areas is mostly late April to early May. When sowing peanuts, if the soil temperature at a soil depth of 10 cm remains stable above 15 degrees for 5 consecutive days, sowing can be carried out. Remember never to sow when the temperature is below 11 degrees, to prevent seed rot and dead seedlings. Even if peanuts can emerge, the peanut seedlings will not be robust and yields will be affected. Summer peanut planting areas can choose relay intercropping and sow early to increase yield.
Image: Peanut planting
II. Peanut planting methods
1. Leveling the land:The peanut is an economic crop that flowers above ground and, after forming pegs, drills into the soil to set fruit. It is suitable for planting in loose sandy soil and oil sandy soil. The plot for planting peanuts should be deeply plowed, and with the plowing, apply 30-40 tons of high-quality farmyard manure per hectare, then press and compact 1-2 times after plowing. Where conditions permit, irrigation can be carried out first, then farmyard manure and chemical fertilizer can be mixed and applied into the furrow, ridges formed and pressed, ready for timely sowing.
2. Cultivated varieties:For high peanut yield, good seed is the foundation. Peanut varieties suitable for planting mainly include the Fuhua series varieties and the Jifu series varieties (commonly known as Silihong). The growth period is about 110-120 days. Select pods that are large, plump, uniform in shape and unbroken as seed. Before shelling, sun-dry for 1-3 days, and after shelling further select grains, choosing seeds with pure grain color and uniform shape as seed.
3. Scientific fertilization:Peanuts are relatively tolerant of poor soil, and fertilization should mainly be base fertilizer, applying 30 tons of farmyard manure per hectare. Chemical fertilizer should mainly be phosphate fertilizer, applying 300-400 jin of diammonium phosphate per hectare. For planting peanuts in poor soil, apply an additional 200-300 jin of urea per hectare.
4. Replanting and thinning:For peanuts, from late May to early June, investigations of seedling conditions should be carried out as early as possible. For fields with obvious missing seedlings, replant as early as possible. Replanting can use the method of water-sitting planting with germinated seeds, and complete thinning and final spacing.
Image: Peanut planting
5. Clearing the seedlings and hardening the seedlings:After the peanut seedlings have emerged completely, use a small hand hoe to dig a ring of soil around the seedlings at a distance of 2 cm from the seedlings, then gently scrape the two cotyledons out of the ground with the hand. Clearing the seedlings and hardening the seedlings is generally carried out three days after the first hoeing and ridging.
6. Timely hoeing and ridging:After the peanut seedlings emerge, begin hoeing. Three days after hoeing, ridge the first time. After 15-20 days, hoe and ridge the second time. Be careful not to press the seedlings when hilling. At the end of the full flowering stage, finish the third hoeing and ridging. When closing the rows, ridge four-sided head ridges to facilitate the pegs penetrating into the soil, and at the same time be careful to pull out large weeds.
7. Rational topdressing:During the pod-setting and pod-filling stage of peanuts, according to the growth condition, targeted foliar spraying can be used to topdress fertilizers such as potassium dihydrogen phosphate (suitable concentration 0.3%) and plant growth regulators such as Lüfeng 95, to promote grain formation.
8. Harvesting at the right time:When the peanut leaves turn yellow and some stems and leaves dry up, they can be harvested, generally in mid-September. After harvest, sun-dry to reduce moisture, promote after-ripening, and improve seed maturity. Peanuts kept for seed must be harvested and sun-dried before frost.
[Editor's concluding remarks]Peanuts are suitable for sandy soil areas with a warm climate, a longer growing season and moderate rainfall, and special attention is needed during the planting process. The above has introduced the planting time and methods of peanuts for everyone, and I hope it can help you!