When to plant peanuts? Introduction to planting time and methods
Peanut planting time
Under normal conditions, peanuts are suitable for planting from late April to early May.
Peanut planting tips
1. Leveling the land
Peanuts are an economic crop that flowers above ground and, after forming pegs, burrows into the soil to set fruit. They are suitable for planting in loose sandy soil and loamy sand soil. The plot for planting peanuts should be deeply plowed, and together with plowing, 30-40 tons of high-quality farmyard manure should be applied per hectare, then rolled 1-2 times after plowing. Where conditions permit, irrigation can be done first, then farmyard manure and chemical fertilizer mixed and applied into the furrows, ridged and rolled, ready for timely sowing. Note that peanuts prefer fresh ground and are not suitable for continuous cropping or alternating cropping on the same land. Better preceding crops are corn, millet and sorghum.
2. Cultivated varieties
For high peanut yields, good seed is the foundation. The peanut varieties suitable for planting in this region mainly include the Fuhua series and the Jifu series (commonly known as Sililhong). The growth period is about 110-120 days. Select plump, well-shaped, unbroken pods as seed. Before shelling, sun-dry for 1-3 days; after shelling, further select seeds, choosing kernels with pure color and uniform shape as seed.
3. Scientific fertilization
Peanuts are relatively tolerant of poor soil, so fertilization should be mainly basal fertilizer, applying 30 tons of farmyard manure per hectare; chemical fertilizer should be mainly phosphate fertilizer, applying 300-400 jin of diammonium phosphate per hectare. When planting peanuts in poor soil, add 200-300 jin of urea per hectare.
Layered fertilization: Fertilizer applied before sowing should be divided into two layers: basal fertilizer and seed fertilizer.
Split fertilization: This mainly refers to quick-acting nitrogen fertilizer, which should adopt a split fertilization technique combining basal fertilizer, seed fertilizer and topdressing. Quick-acting nitrogen fertilizer should be mainly basal fertilizer and seed fertilizer; if signs of fertilizer deficiency appear during growth, timely and targeted topdressing of a certain amount of urea or other fertilizer should be carried out.
Deep fertilization: Basal fertilizer should be applied 8-10 cm below the seed, seed fertilizer 3-5 cm below the seed, and topdressing depth should reach more than 10 cm.
4. Timely sowing, reasonable close planting
The suitable sowing period for peanuts in this region is early to mid-May, with the specific sowing date depending on weather conditions. The principle is: as long as the soil temperature at 5 cm depth stably passes 12°C, sowing can begin, with 3-4 seeds per hole, covering soil 3-5 cm thick, and pressing the upper grid well; the second method is drill sowing with seed covering. If the subsoil moisture is insufficient, the water-sitting method must be used for planting. When using water-sitting planting, be sure to wait until the water has completely infiltrated before fertilizing, sowing, covering soil and other steps.
Before sowing peanuts, the seeds should be soaked to promote germination, soaked in warm water (two parts cold to one part boiling) for 3-4 hours, kept moist, and placed at 20-25°C for sealed germination. After a day and a night, they will sprout. When sowing, place the seeds on moist soil to prevent the sprouts from drying out. Germinated seeds should be sown at any time and should not be left overnight, to avoid overly long sprouts damaging the embryo. Peanuts generally should be planted sparsely in fertile soil and densely in poor soil; the suitable sowing density in this region is 150,000-200,000 plants per hectare. The suitable sowing density for each plot should be determined according to soil fertility and the density tolerance of the variety.
When to sow peanuts? Peanut planting time and planting methods
Peanut planting time
Under normal conditions, peanuts are suitable for planting from late April to early May.
Peanut planting tips
I. Ridge cultivation
1. Clearing seedlings and hardening seedlings: Carry out when the seedlings have basically emerged uniformly. First pull out the weeds around the seedlings, then scrape away the soil to expose the cotyledons above the ground. Be careful not to damage the roots. About half a month after clearing the seedlings, fill the soil back to bury the holes.
2. Intertillage and weeding: Carry out intertillage and weeding 3 times at the seedling stage, the cluster stage and the flowering stage. Follow the principle of “shallow, deep, shallow”, and be careful to prevent hilling soil and burying seedlings during intertillage at the seedling stage; during intertillage at the flowering stage, prevent damage to the pegs.
3. Hilling: Carry out hilling half a month after flowering, not too thick, with 3 cm being suitable.
II. Film mulching cultivation
From mulching to emergence, if the film is found to be broken or not tightly covered, promptly press and bury it again with soil and seal it tightly. When the seedlings break through the film and push up the soil, and begin to show true leaves, scrape away the soil on the film to expose the cotyledons to the ground surface. If missing holes are found, immediately replant with germinated seeds. Before flowering, carry out one intertillage and weeding in the furrows. During the period from flowering and pegging to pod filling, according to the growth of the peanuts, spray 500 times Xianke topdressing essence on the leaves to replace root topdressing, or spray 2-3 times with a 500-times solution of 0.2%-0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate, or spray Diguo Zhuangtiling to increase nutrient transport, promote fruit development and improve peanut yield. During this period, if drought occurs, irrigate promptly.
When is the best time to plant peanuts? Peanut planting time and methods
Peanut, also known as groundnut, earth bean, longevity fruit, etc., is an annual herbaceous plant of the genus Arachis in the legume family. Peanut is an important oil crop in China. The pressed peanut oil has a natural rich aroma, meets the demand for green quality, is deeply welcomed by the market, and has high planting value. So, when is the best time to plant peanuts? How to plant them? The planting time and methods of peanuts are introduced below.
I. Peanut planting time
The suitable sowing period for the spring-autumn double-cropping peanut region in the south is mid-February to March, the suitable sowing period for the spring-summer peanut alternating region in the Yangtze River Basin is March to late April, and the suitable sowing period for the northern large peanut region and peanut production areas is mostly late April to early May. When sowing peanuts, if the soil temperature at a depth of 10 cm remains stable above 15°C for 5 consecutive days, sowing can begin. Remember never to sow when the temperature is below 11°C, to prevent seed rot and dead seedlings. Even if the peanuts can emerge, the peanut seedlings will not be robust, affecting yield. Summer peanut planting areas can choose relay intercropping and sow earlier to increase yield.
Image: Peanut planting
II. Peanut planting methods
1. Leveling the land:Peanuts are an economic crop that flowers above ground and, after forming pegs, burrows into the soil to set fruit. They are suitable for planting in loose sandy soil and loamy sand soil. The plot for planting peanuts should be deeply plowed, and together with plowing, 30-40 tons of high-quality farmyard manure should be applied per hectare, then rolled 1-2 times after plowing. Where conditions permit, irrigation can be done first, then farmyard manure and chemical fertilizer mixed and applied into the furrows, ridged and rolled, ready for timely sowing.
2. Cultivated varieties:For high peanut yields, good seed is the foundation. The suitable peanut varieties mainly include the Fuhua series and the Jifu series (commonly known as Sililhong), with a growth period of about 110-120 days. Select plump, well-shaped, unbroken pods as seed. Before shelling, sun-dry for 1-3 days; after shelling, further select seeds, choosing kernels with pure color and uniform shape as seed.
3. Scientific fertilization:Peanuts are relatively tolerant of poor soil, so fertilization should be mainly basal fertilizer, applying 30 tons of farmyard manure per hectare; chemical fertilizer should be mainly phosphate fertilizer, applying 300-400 jin of diammonium phosphate per hectare. When planting peanuts in poor soil, add 200-300 jin of urea per hectare.
4. Replanting and thinning:From late May to early June, peanut seedling condition surveys should be carried out as early as possible. For fields with obvious missing seedlings, replant as early as possible. Replanting can use the method of germinated water-sitting sowing, and complete thinning and final singling work.
Image: Peanut planting
5. Clearing seedlings and hardening seedlings:After the peanut seedlings have emerged uniformly, use a small hand hoe to dig a ring of soil around the seedlings about 2 cm away from them, then gently scrape the two cotyledons out of the ground with your hands. Clearing seedlings and hardening seedlings is generally carried out three days after the first hoeing and ridging.
6. Timely hoeing and ridging:After the peanut seedlings emerge, begin hoeing. Three days after hoeing, do the first ridging; after 15-20 days, do the second hoeing and ridging. Be careful not to press the seedlings when hilling. At the end of the peak flowering period, finish the third hoeing and ridging. When closing the rows, ridge the four-sided head ridges to help the pegs penetrate the soil, and at the same time pay attention to pulling out large weeds.
7. Reasonable topdressing:During the pod-setting and pod-filling period, peanuts can be topdressed by foliar spraying according to growth conditions with fertilizers such as potassium dihydrogen phosphate (suitable concentration 0.3%) and plant growth regulators such as Lufeng 95, to promote kernel formation.
8. Timely harvest:When the peanut leaves turn yellow and some stems and leaves wither, they can be harvested, generally in mid-September. After harvest, dry them to reduce moisture, promote after-ripening, and improve seed maturity. Peanuts kept for seed must be harvested and dried before frost.
[Editor's concluding remarks]Peanuts are suitable for sandy soil areas with a warm climate, a long growing season and moderate rainfall, and special attention is needed during planting. The above has introduced the planting time and methods of peanuts for everyone, hoping to help you!