Potted Bougainvillea Cuttings Propagation and Cultivation Management Key Points Illustrated Detailed Explanation

Bougainvillea, scientific name Bougainvillea glabra, also known as San Ye Mei, Mao Bao Jin, Le Du Juan, San Jiao Hua, etc., is a vine-like shrub plant of the genus Bougainvillea in the family Nyctaginaceae, native to Brazil. In southern China it is planted in courtyards and parks as an ornamental plant, in the north it is cultivated in greenhouses, and it can also be used for bonsai, hedges and pruning shapes. Now let's take a look at how to cultivate bougainvillea!

How much does bougainvillea cost?

The price of bougainvillea is generally determined by its height, crown width and ornamental performance. Generally, a bougainvillea with a trunk diameter of 2 cm, a height of 200 cm and a crown width of about 100 cm costs about 100 yuan each. Of course, for smaller saplings with a height of about 30 cm and a crown width of about 30 cm, the price is generally 10 to 20 yuan each.

The cultivation environment of bougainvillea

Bougainvillea is a tropical plant that likes a high-temperature and high-humidity climate environment, and is also relatively tolerant of dry heat, not tolerant of cold, and avoids frost. South of the Tropic of Cancer in China it can overwinter safely in the open ground, while in the vast areas from northern South China to Central China and North China it is only suitable for pot cultivation, and in winter it should be moved indoors or into a greenhouse. Bougainvillea does not have high requirements for soil fertility; sandy soil or clay soil are both suitable, and it can tolerate waterlogging and is also relatively tolerant of drought. Potted bougainvillea enters a forced dormant state when the temperature drops to a certain level. During the non-dormant period, bougainvillea experiences abnormal flower drop due to insufficient light, and with sufficient water the flowers fade early. In the dormant state, bougainvillea is not sensitive to light intensity, but due to low temperature it shows a long lifespan, and due to little water it also shows a long lifespan.

Cuttings propagation of bougainvillea

Bougainvillea is commonly propagated by cuttings, and seedling cultivation is easy. In May and June, cut mature lignified branches, cut 2-year-old branches into 10 cm long cuttings, insert them into culture soil (use plain sand soil plus one third humus or sawdust, add an appropriate amount of water and stir evenly), and seal well with plastic film after inserting. At a temperature of 20°C to 25°C, roots can form in 25 days, and they can be divided into pots in 2 to 3 months. If you want to obtain ideal new seedlings, you should use the aerial layering method for propagation. This method does not affect the growth of the original plant and can obtain complete new seedlings, so it is often used by home flower growers, and the method is simple, the survival rate is high, later transplanting is convenient, and it is easy to manage.

Cultivation methods of bougainvillea

1. Choosing culture soil: Bougainvillea does not have strict requirements for soil, but it fears water accumulation and is not tolerant of waterlogging. Therefore, loose culture soil with good drainage must be selected. Generally, culture soil prepared with 4 parts humus soil, 4 parts garden soil and 2 parts sand can be used. Dried pond mud mixed with some coal briquette residue can also be used as potting soil. When potting, 30 grams of decomposed cake fertilizer should also be mixed in as base fertilizer.

2. Reasonable fertilization: Bougainvillea is generally fertilized once every 7 to 10 days with liquid fertilizer during the peak growth period from April to July. The fertilizer can be 10 to 20% decomposed soybean cake or rapeseed cake water or human manure water, etc. From August, in order to promote flower bud formation, fertilizer mainly based on phosphorus fertilizer should be applied once every 10 days. 20% decomposed chicken, duck and pigeon manure and fish offal liquid fertilizer can be used. From October, it enters the flowering period. From this time until mid-November, a fertilizer mainly based on phosphorus fertilizer needs to be applied once every half month, with a fertilizer water concentration of 30 to 40%. After that, additional fertilizer should be applied once after each flowering, so that the flowering period is continuously supplemented with nutrients.

3. Water control before flowering: Usually, watering should follow the principle of “do not water if not dry, water thoroughly when watering”, but for neat and abundant flowering, water control must be carried out before flowering. Starting from September, control the watering of bougainvillea. Each watering should wait until the potting soil is dry and the branches and leaves are soft and drooping, and repeat this continuously for half a month. After half a month, restore normal watering. During the water control period, fertilization must be avoided to prevent fertilizer from burning the root system. In this way, flower buds will appear and bloom in about one month, and the flowers will open neatly and abundantly.

4. Loosening soil and repotting: Due to long-term watering, fertilization and rain erosion, the potting soil is prone to compaction, so the soil must be loosened regularly, and weeds in the potting soil should be removed at the same time, so as to benefit the growth of bougainvillea. Otherwise, the potting soil will compact and accumulate water, easily causing root rot or poor growth. In addition, bougainvillea grows quickly, has a developed root system and many fibrous roots, and needs to be repotted once a year.

Cultivation management of bougainvillea

1. Temperature management: The suitable growth temperature for bougainvillea is 15 to 30°C, of which May to September is 19 to 30°C, and October to April of the following year is 13 to 16°C. In summer it can tolerate high temperatures of 35°C. When the temperature exceeds 35°C, appropriate shading or measures such as spraying water and ventilation should be taken. In winter, the environmental temperature should be maintained at no less than 5°C, otherwise when the temperature is below 5°C for a long time, it is prone to freezing and leaf drop. Flowering requires a temperature above 15°C. To prolong the flowering period, it should be moved indoors in time before the cold wave arrives in early winter, placed in a sunny place, and maintained at a relatively high environmental temperature.

2. Light control: Bougainvillea likes light and belongs to sun-loving flowers. Insufficient light during the growing season will lead to weak plant growth and affect flower bud formation and flowering. Therefore, throughout the year, except that newly potted small seedlings should first be placed in semi-shade. In winter it should be placed in front of a south-facing window, and the light duration must not be less than 8 hours, otherwise a large number of leaves will easily fall. It is a short-day flower. Controlling the daily light time at about 9 hours can cause flower buds to appear and bloom after one and a half months.

3. Reasonable pruning: Bougainvillea grows rapidly, and during the growing period attention should be paid to shaping and pruning to promote side branch growth and produce more flowering branches. The number of prunings is generally 1 to 3 times, and too many is not suitable, otherwise it will affect the number of flowerings. After each flowering, remove residual flowers in time to reduce nutrient consumption. After the flowering period, thin out overly dense branches, inner branches, leggy branches and weak branches. Other branches are generally not pruned or only the branch tips are slightly pruned. Heavy pruning is not suitable, so as to shorten the next growth period and promote early flowering and multiple flowerings.

4. Flowering period control: If you want to see bougainvillea on National Day, you can move the pot into a dark room in advance for light-avoidance treatment, because it is a short-day flower. Around the beginning of August, place the potted bougainvillea in an environment that does not leak light, with no light at all from 5 pm each day until 8 am the next day, and maintain this for 50 days, spraying water every day to lower the temperature. Water normally, and apply phosphorus and potassium liquid fertilizer or hoof piece fertilizer once a week. In this way, gorgeous bougainvillea can be seen on National Day.

What to do if bougainvillea does not bloom?

1. Light: Bougainvillea loves light, so it can be placed in a sunny place. This is not only beneficial to its vegetative growth, but also beneficial to reproductive growth. Plants treated with strong sunlight have short internodes, full growth, many flowers, deep flower color and a long flowering period.

2. Pruning: Bougainvillea has a long and fast growth period, so it should be properly pruned and pinched.

3. Water: Bougainvillea should begin water control in mid-August. After watering once, water again only after the leaves and young buds droop. The degree of water control is based on the plant not dying of dryness. Repeat this treatment until flower rudiments appear in the leaf axils at the branch tips, and only then gradually restore normal watering. Water control can increase the cell sap concentration of bougainvillea and can promote flower bud differentiation and formation.

4. Fertilization: Bougainvillea is very sensitive to urea. If the fertilization period is improper or the ratio is improper, the phenomenon of luxuriant branches and leaves but few flowers may occur, so applying urea must be especially cautious. In summer, the temperature is high and there is a lot of rain, and the plant is prone to leggy growth. Urea cannot be applied alone. Some fertilizer made by composting rotten vegetable leaves can be applied. It is best to use a 0.2%-0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution as foliar topdressing, once every half month. In the early stage of flowering branch growth, urea can be applied once to facilitate the growth of flowering branches.

Precautions for growing bougainvillea

1. During the growing period of bougainvillea, the temperature for bougainvillea should be properly ensured. Generally in winter it should be kept above 5°C, and the lowest must not be lower than 3°C.

2. Bougainvillea relatively likes sunlight, but in summer appropriate shading treatment should be carried out. At the same time, in winter, 8 hours of light should be ensured.

3. In terms of soil selection, bougainvillea cultivation should choose relatively fertile, loose soil with strong drainage performance.

4. Bougainvillea should be watered appropriately. During the plum rain season, certain drainage should be ensured, otherwise root rot may occur.

5. Before bougainvillea blooms, the pot can be appropriately turned and the soil changed, and appropriate pruning can be carried out at the same time.

Pest and disease control of bougainvillea

1. Leaf spot disease

[Damage symptoms] The disease spots are initially yellow-brown, surrounded by a yellow-green halo, and later expand into nearly round or irregular disease spots with dark brown edges. In the later stage, small black dots appear on the disease spots.

[Control methods] If a small number of disease spots are found, Daktarin cream ointment can be applied on them, and the branches with more disease can be cut off. In the early stage of the disease, 50% carbendazim wettable powder 500 times solution can generally be used for control, spraying once every 7 to 10 days. In severe cases, according to actual experience, spray once again on the fourth day, and then spray once every 7 days. For 3 to 4 consecutive times, the control effect is good.

2. Brown spot disease

[Damage symptoms] On the leaf surface of affected leaves, yellow-brown to light brown disease spots with a diameter of 0.1 to 0.5 cm are produced.

[Control methods] If a small number of diseased leaves are found, remove and burn them in time. In the early stage of the disease, use 70% mancozeb wettable powder 400 times solution, spraying once every 10 days, for 3 to [ ] consecutive times.

3. Scale insects

[Damage symptoms] In environments with poor light, poor ventilation, and high temperature and high humidity, various scale insects are prone to cause damage.

[Control methods] 45% malathion emulsifiable concentrate 1000 times solution can be used for spraying and killing.

Cultivation methods and precautions for potted bougainvillea

Bougainvillea has ornamental value, with bright colors like flowers, and has been widely introduced and cultivated, becoming an excellent product for garden planting and indoor potting. So how is bougainvillea grown? What should be noted in cultivation? Next, let's take a look at the cultivation methods and precautions for bougainvillea.

I. Cultivation methods and precautions for bougainvillea

1. Soil: Bougainvillea does not have strict requirements for soil and grows well in heavy loam with good drainage and rich minerals. It is tolerant of barrenness, alkali and drought, and avoids water accumulation. Slightly acidic soil is most conducive to the growth of bougainvillea.

2. Watering: Bougainvillea should be watered once a day in spring and autumn. In summer, it can be watered once each morning and evening. In winter, watering should be controlled. After flower buds appear, water once each morning and evening, and at the same time spray water on the leaves 1 to 2 times. During the plum rain season, prevent water accumulation to avoid root rot and plant death.

3. Temperature: The suitable growth temperature for bougainvillea is 15 to 30°C. In summer, appropriate shading or measures such as water spraying and ventilation should be taken. In winter, the environmental temperature should be maintained at no less than 5°C.

4. Fertilization: In addition to applying sufficient base fertilizer in the potting soil, bougainvillea should also be topdressed during the growing season. Add a small amount of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and at the same time spray 0.1% to 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution on the leaves. During the full flowering period, apply alum fertilizer water once a week, and spray 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate on the leaves.

5. Light: Throughout the year, except that newly potted small seedlings of bougainvillea should first be placed in semi-shade. In winter it should be placed in front of a south-facing window, and the light duration must not be less than 8 hours.

6. Propagation: For bougainvillea cuttings, branches as thick as an arm or as thin as incense can all be used for cuttings; thick branches root late but take shape quickly; one-year-old lignified green branches easily produce new roots and have a high survival rate.

7. Pruning: Bougainvillea spectabilis has strong growth potential, so it needs shaping and pruning every year. Bougainvillea spectabilis is commonly propagated by cuttings, and seedling cultivation is easy. In May and June, cut mature lignified branches, 20 cm long, insert them into a sand pot, cover with glass, keep moist, and roots can form in about one month. After two years of cultivation, it can bloom.

II. The relationship between bougainvillea and the home environment

1. Bougainvillea beautifies the home. Bougainvillea blooms profusely, with gorgeous branches full of flowers. The bracts come in many colors such as purple-blue, vermilion, peach red, deep purple, orange-yellow, etc., all very gorgeous. There is also the drooping-petal Bougainvillea, also called Mao Bao Jin, whose flowers gather in clusters, red and fiery, especially beautiful, and very suitable for planting on both sides of the front doors of parks, flower nurseries, trellises, etc., climbing as a door arch.

2. Bougainvillea can measure whether the home living environment is good or bad. It likes a warm and humid climate and is not tolerant of cold. It can overwinter safely only above 3°C, and can bloom only above 15°C. It likes sufficient light. It does not have strict requirements for soil and grows well in heavy loam with good drainage and rich minerals. It is tolerant of barrenness, alkali and drought, avoids water accumulation, and is tolerant of pruning. In China, except that the southern regions can cultivate it in the open ground for overwintering, other regions all need pot cultivation and greenhouse cultivation. Soil with good drainage and sandy loam is most suitable.

Cultivation methods and precautions for bougainvilleaThat is the introduction. I hope it is helpful to everyone. Bougainvillea is brightly colored and has high ornamental value. Everyone can grow some at home.

Propagation methods of bougainvillea, cultivation methods of bougainvillea

Bougainvillea is a very common household plant. Because it is extremely easy to keep alive, has unique flower colors, and is suitable for local decoration in multiple areas such as the study, living room and bedroom, it is the choice of many flower lovers. Next, let's learn together about the propagation methods of bougainvillea and the cultivation methods of bougainvillea.

Propagation methods of bougainvillea

There are mainly three propagation methods for bougainvillea: cuttings, air layering and grafting, among which cuttings propagation is the most important. The suitable cutting time is March to June. Air layering propagation takes about one month to root, and spring is best for transplanting. During the growing period, pinch the tips to promote flower bud differentiation and sprouting of side branches.

1. The best cutting times are spring and summer-autumn. In spring (March to April), after taking the plants outside, one-year-old branches cut off during pruning can be used for cuttings (also called old branch cuttings), but the survival rate is not very high, only about 70%. Summer and autumn are exactly the peak growth seasons of bougainvillea. Selecting semi-lignified branches of the current year for softwood cuttings can achieve a survival rate of more than 90%. As long as management is strengthened, they can bloom in the same year.

2. The cutting substrate is relatively flexible, and flower lovers can use local materials. The substrate can be coarse sand, fine sand, sandy loam with relatively good permeability, or loose, not too fertile loam, or crushed burned coal balls, coal cinders, etc. Then add 0.1% carbendazim for disinfection treatment, pile up the soil, cover with film for 7 to 10 days, and it is ready. The cutting bed is 1 m to 1.2 m wide, 15 to 20 cm high, and the length is unlimited.

3. Cutting preparation: Select one-year-old branches with short internodes and thick stems, cut them into 8 to 10 cm lengths, and keep only 2 to 3 leaves on each cutting. Before cutting, treat with rooting hormone to promote earlier and more rooting.

4. The cutting depth should be 3 to 4 cm (equivalent to 1/3 or 2/5 of the cutting). Before inserting, first make holes with a dibber, then insert the cuttings, and press the substrate at the base of each cutting slightly so that the cutting is in close contact with the substrate. Then water thoroughly once, and cover with film to keep warm.

Cultivation methods of bougainvillea

1. Soil selection

The culture soil is made by piling and composting loam, cow dung, leaf mold, sand, etc., and adding an appropriate amount of bone meal when using. When planting, plant the bougainvillea upright, fill the culture soil firmly, and water thoroughly. During cultivation, pinch the tips frequently to form a clustered and low plant shape. A support can also be set up to let it climb upward.

Households can use the following soil formulas: garden soil: leaf mold: sand = 5:3:2; peat soil: leaf mold: sand: perlite = 5:2:2:1.

2. Watering method

Bougainvillea has a high demand for water, especially in midsummer. Lack of water easily causes leaf drop and affects growth and flowering. Therefore, during the summer flowering period, water twice a day: spray water in the morning, and after 4 pm, water once. After the flowers fade, watering can be appropriately reduced, as excessively wet soil can cause leaf drop and root rot. In winter, control watering, and do not water if the potting soil is not dry. But 4 to 5 weeks before bougainvillea blooms, water should be withheld, that is, after watering once, water again only after the leaves or young buds droop, which is beneficial to flower bud differentiation and formation.

Bougainvillea spectabilis likes moist soil and fears waterlogging. In spring, as growth vigor accelerates, it needs watering every day, and its leaves and surroundings should often be sprinkled with water to increase air humidity. Insufficient air humidity very easily causes leaf drop. Bougainvillea spectabilis has many leaves and consumes a large amount of water in summer. It is best to water once each in the morning and evening every day, so that the soil remains moist, and increase the number of times water is sprinkled on its leaves and surroundings. After the temperature cools in autumn, keeping the potting soil moist is enough. In late autumn, winter and early spring, when the temperature is relatively low (about 10°C), water less, so that the potting soil is on the dry side. But if the indoor temperature is maintained above 15°C, watering should be more, so that the potting soil is moist.

3. Fertilization method

Bougainvillea likes fertilizer. After the weather warms in spring, apply nitrogen fertilizer once every 10 to 15 days. During the growing period, apply cake fertilizer water once a week. During the flowering period, apply phosphorus fertilizer several more times. After autumn cools, reduce the amount of fertilization, and stop fertilization in winter. During the peak growth and flowering period, spray 1000 times potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution on the leaves 2 to 3 times, or topdress once every 10 days with 1000 times "Huaduoduo" general-purpose fertilizer.

After the temperature cools in autumn, stop fertilization. In late autumn, winter and early spring, when the temperature is relatively low, do not fertilize. But if the temperature is above 15°C, apply mixed liquid fertilizer once every one month.

Bougainvillea is very sensitive to urea. If fertilized improperly, the phenomenon of luxuriant branches and leaves but few flowers may occur, so be especially cautious when applying urea.

After flowers fade in spring is the vegetative growth period of bougainvillea. Apply urea once every week. This can both supplement the consumption of the plant after flowering and promote the growth of new branches, laying a good foundation for reproductive growth.

In summer, apply some liquid fertilizer lightly. If conditions permit, use 0.2% to 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution as foliar topdressing, once every half month. In the early stage of flowering branch growth, urea still needs to be applied once to facilitate the growth of flowering branches.

4. Light and temperature requirements

The suitable growth temperature for bougainvillea is 20 to 30°C. When the winter temperature is below 5°C, it is prone to freezing and leaf drop.

Bougainvillea likes light. Insufficient light during the growing season will lead to weak plant growth and affect flowering. In winter it should be placed in a bright place, and the daily light must not be less than 8 hours, otherwise a large number of leaves will easily fall.

5. Precautions

(1) Bougainvillea belongs to light-loving plants. Whether potted or ground-planted, it needs sufficient sunlight. Plants treated with strong sunlight have short internodes, full growth, many flowers, deep flower color and a long flowering period. Insufficient light will cause weak growth of new branches, dull leaf color, and few or no flowers.

(2) For bougainvillea bonsai, rectangular or oval purple clay pottery pots or glazed pottery pots are mostly used. The color should not be too dark, so as to set off the gorgeous color of the bougainvillea bracts. The potting soil should be nutrient soil rich in humus, loose and well-drained. Choose a time in spring when the temperature is relatively stable for potting.

(3) After the temperature cools in autumn, reduce the supply of water and fertilizer, keep the potting soil moist, and ensure sufficient light. When the temperature drops to about 10°C, it should be moved in time to a sunny place indoors or to a place with light inside a closed balcony for cultivation. Because indoor air humidity is relatively low, its leaves and surroundings should often be sprinkled with water to increase air humidity.

(4) Bougainvillea spectabilis is not tolerant of cold. When the winter temperature is below about 7°C, it will shed leaves. However, those that shed leaves in winter will grow leaves again after the spring temperature rises, but the growth vigor will not be good. Therefore, the winter room temperature is best kept at about 10°C. In winter, bougainvillea spectabilis should be placed at the edge of a windowsill with sufficient light, and different water and fertilizer management should be carried out according to different temperatures. It should be sprayed several times a day around it to improve air humidity.

The above is the introduction to the propagation methods of bougainvillea and the cultivation methods of bougainvillea. Did everyone understand? For more home knowledge, please follow.