A Detailed Guide to Adonis Amurensis Planting Methods and Care Knowledge
Adonis amurensis is an extremely cold-hardy herbaceous plant. During vegetative growth it prefers a slightly shaded environment, while during the flowering period it prefers light, a cool and moist climate, and it dislikes heat and waterlogging.
In the process of cultivating and caring for Adonis amurensis, attention should be paid to properly controlling the depth of soil cover. When first planting, the soil cover should be 2~3 cm above the rhizome, with the root systems overlapping each other. Each year during the growing season, soil cover should be added appropriately; otherwise the plant will rise above the soil surface year by year, and the root system will be exposed to the air, causing poor development, loss of ornamental quality, and eventual death. During the vegetative growth period after the flowering period, appropriate shading should be provided.
Adonis amurensis has an extremely early flowering period and is also very suitable for potted ornamental display. The potting medium should use soil containing sufficient humus; leaf mold can be the main component, with an appropriate amount of organic fertilizer added. Each pot can be planted with 3~5 dormant buds. When planting, the dormant buds should be level with the soil surface.
After planting in autumn, place it in a shaded spot outdoors, and cover around the pot with grass or sawdust for protection and to prevent drying. If you want to enjoy the flowers in winter, you can move the pot into a cold room at 0~5°C two weeks in advance and leave it for 1~2 days, then move it into a room at 15°C for care. In an environment with ample sunlight and air humidity of no less than 40%, flower buds will appear and bloom in about 10~12 days. Each flower can remain open for 10~15 days.
Adonis Amurensis Cultivation Methods - One of the Suitable Ornamental Plants for the Home
Adonis amurensis, also called pot marigold and golden marigold, is an annual or overwintering herbaceous plant. It is often used for flowerbed displays, and can also be potted for home decoration. Next, the editor of wed114 wedding website will tell everyone the cultivation methods and precautions for Adonis amurensis, hoping to be of some help to friends who like growing marigolds!
Cultivation methods for Adonis amurensis:
Best growing soil: Loose, fertile, slightly acidic soil is best. It can self-sow, grows quickly, is relatively cold-tolerant, and is not particular about soil.
Growing humidity requirements: Maintain relative air humidity at 75-85%. Humidity can be increased by misting the cuttings, 1-3 times a day; the higher the temperature on sunny days, the more frequent the misting, while on cloudy and rainy days with lower temperatures, mist less or not at all. However, excessive misting makes cuttings susceptible to infection by pathogens and rot, because many kinds of pathogens exist in water.
Best growing temperature: The suitable growth temperature for pot marigold is 7-20°C. Seedlings can withstand low temperatures of minus 9°C in winter, and for adult plants 0°C is suitable. If the temperature is too low, plastic film protection must be added, otherwise the leaves are prone to frost damage. If the winter temperature is above 10°C, pot marigold will grow leggy. When the summer temperature rises, the stems and leaves grow vigorously, the flowers become smaller, and the petals noticeably decrease. For pot marigold seedlings, slightly moist conditions are better, which benefits stem and leaf growth and improves cold resistance in winter. For adult plants, slightly dry conditions are suitable, which can control stem and leaf growth and avoid leggy growth.
Best growing light: In summer, autumn and the third season, it needs to be cared for under shaded conditions. When the temperature is relatively high (daytime temperature above 25°C), if it is placed in direct sunlight for care, the leaves will noticeably become smaller, the internodes of the branches will shorten, the lower leaves will yellow and fall off, and growth will be very slow or it will enter a semi-dormant state. In winter, because the temperature is not very high, it should be given direct sunlight to facilitate photosynthesis and the formation of flower buds, flowering, and fruiting.
Precautions for cultivating Adonis amurensis:
Fertilizer application: During the growing period of pot marigold, fertilize once every half month, or use "Huiyou" 20-20-20 general-purpose fertilizer. With sufficient fertilizer, pot marigold blooms more and larger. Conversely, with insufficient fertilizer, the flowers noticeably become smaller and degenerate. If seeds are not to be kept during the flowering period, cut off the withered flowers, which helps the flower branches sprout, produce more flowers, and extend the viewing period.
Key watering points: Pay attention to watering. During the growing period, watering should not be excessive; keeping the soil moist is sufficient.
Pruning essentials: Cut off branches with old and yellow leaves once every two months. As long as the temperature is suitable, it can bloom in all four seasons.
Key propagation points for Adonis amurensis:
1. When the seedlings have 3 true leaves, transplant them once. When the seedlings have 5~6 true leaves, plant them in 10~12 cm pots. 7~10 days after planting, pinch the growing tips to encourage branching, or spray the leaf surface 1~2 times with 0.4% daminozide solution to control plant height. During the growing period, fertilize once every half month, or use "Huiyou" 20-20-20 general-purpose fertilizer. With sufficient fertilizer, pot marigold blooms more and larger. Conversely, with insufficient fertilizer, the flowers noticeably become smaller and degenerate. If seeds are not to be kept during the flowering period, cut off the withered flowers, which helps the flower branches sprout, produce more flowers, and extend the viewing period. For seed collection, choose plants with large, brightly colored flowers and pure varieties. Seeds should be collected on sunny days to prevent shedding.
2. During the growing period of pot marigold, the soil should be kept moist. Apply decomposed urine diluted 10 times with water once every 15-30 days, and stop fertilizing by the end of February. When pot marigold reaches the late seedling stage, with 4-5 leaves, pinching the tips (that is, pinching) can promote side branch development and increase the number of flowers. Removing the tips immediately after the first flush of flowers fades can also encourage side branches to bloom again.
3. In addition, sow seeds after low-temperature treatment: place the seeds in a 0°C refrigerator for 24 hours, then take them out and sow them directly in the open field. The seedbed should be shaded. They germinate in mid-August. Apply diluted decomposed manure water once a week, and they can also bloom in late September.
4. Pest and disease control: Fusarium wilt and downy mildew often occur and can be controlled by spraying 65% zineb wettable powder at 500 times dilution. When the temperature rises in early summer, rust disease is often found on pot marigold leaves; spray 50% carboxin wettable powder at 2000 times dilution. In early spring during the flowering period, it is susceptible to red spider mites and aphids; spray 40% omethoate emulsifiable concentrate at 1000 times dilution to kill them.
How to Grow Hibiscus syriacus / Care Knowledge for Hibiscus syriacus
Hibiscus syriacus Pictures / How to Grow Hibiscus syriacus / Care Knowledge for Hibiscus syriacus
Introduction to Hibiscus syriacus
Hibiscus syriacus, namely the flower of Hibiscus syriacus L., a plant in the genus Hibiscus of the family Malvaceae, is multi-colored and very beautiful. The best quality is large, complete, dry flowers that are white and free of impurities. It is an excellent plant for free-growing flowering hedges. It is suitable for placement along roadsides, in parks, courtyards and other places, and can be planted singly, in rows, or in masses. Hibiscus syriacus flowers can also be used as a traditional Chinese medicine and can also be eaten. Moreover, poems and writings from successive dynasties have recorded Hibiscus syriacus flowers.
Hibiscus syriacus flowers come from places such as Jiangsu Changjing Landscape, Shandong, Anhui, Henan and other regions. Hibiscus syriacus flowers can also be used as a traditional Chinese medicine and can also be eaten. Moreover, poems and writings from successive dynasties have recorded Hibiscus syriacus flowers.
Hibiscus syriacus is the national flower of South Korea. When the flowers bloom, many buds grow on the branches of the hibiscus; after one flower fades, the other buds will continue to bloom one after another, blooming with abundant spring feeling and brilliant spring light.
Therefore, Koreans also call it "Mugunghwa" (flower of infinity). Hibiscus syriacus is also called Mugunghwa, and also Wuji flower. Since ancient times it has been a famous hedge plant. The flowers are very beautiful, the flowering period is very long, and it is extremely tough and full of vitality. It is a flower with very strong vitality, symbolizing the national character of the Republic of Korea, which has endured hardships yet remains steadfast. Hibiscus syriacus is deeply loved by Koreans and has been designated as the national flower, as a symbol of everlasting beauty and happiness. July to October is the season when Mugunghwa blooms and shows its stamens.
Hibiscus syriacus is also called trumpet flower, and also known as Mugunghwa. Since ancient times it has been a famous hedge plant and is also a common courtyard tree. Hibiscus syriacus blooms in summer and autumn, has a very long flowering period, and the flowers are very beautiful. Its flowers open in the morning and fall at dusk, continuing day after day without stopping, and people say it has the "virtue of daily renewal." The Korean people are very fond of this flower and have designated it as their national flower. Hibiscus syriacus is also a flower often eaten by farming families. Hibiscus trees can be seen everywhere in front of and behind the houses and in the vegetable gardens of mountain farming families. Hibiscus syriacus also blooms freely and is not the delicate kind.
Hibiscus syriacus, also known as mianhua, morning-open dusk-fall flower, trumpet flower, and also called folded Buddha flower, chicken-leg bud, white peony, hedge flower, etc., is a deciduous shrub or small tree in the genus Hibiscus of the family Malvaceae. Hibiscus syriacus blooms in summer and autumn, opening in the morning and falling at dusk, continuing day after day without stopping, and people say it has the "virtue of daily renewal." The flower colors include white, purple, cream yellow, and light red, spreading in varied profusion, greeting the rosy clouds and bathing in the sun, fluttering in the wind, with radiant and beautiful colors.
Morphological Characteristics of Hibiscus syriacus
Hibiscus syriacus is the flower of Hibiscus syriacus, a plant in the genus Hibiscus of the family Malvaceae. The flower is irregular in shape, 1.5-3 cm long, 1-1.5 cm wide, with a bluntly rounded base, a short stalk, and one whorl of bracts. The calyx is grayish green, with lobes curled or reflexed; the flower stalk, bracts, and outside of the calyx all have fine hairs; there are 10 petals, wrinkled, pale yellow or pale purple-blue, obovate, with dense white long soft hairs at the base; the stamens are united into a staminal column, with numerous anthers, purple-black in color. The odor is slight and the taste is mild.
Hibiscus syriacus is a deciduous shrub; the ovate leaves are often three-lobed, with three main veins. It blooms in summer and autumn, with flowers solitary in the leaf axils, trumpet-shaped, about 4 to 10 cm in diameter. The whole plant can reach 2 to 4 m tall. The flowering period is from July to September. The flowers of Hibiscus syriacus open in the morning and wither at dusk; a single flower only opens for one day, blooming in the morning and withering at night. The flowers bloom one after another in succession, and the flowering period is very long, so it is called Mugunghwa in South Korea.
Deciduous shrub or small tree; 3 m to 5 m tall, much branched; leaves triangular or rhombic-ovate, sometimes with 3 lobes above the middle. Flowers large, solitary in the leaf axils, 5-8 cm in diameter, single or double, in colors such as white, pink, and purplish red, with the base of the petals sometimes red or purplish red; there are very many flowers, and although each flower only opens for one day, a large number of flowers open every day, very beautiful.
The dried flowers of Hibiscus syriacus are curled and contracted, ovate or cylindrical and clustered, about 3 cm long and about 1.5 cm in diameter. At the base there is a grayish green calyx, densely covered with fine down on the surface, with 5 lobes at the margin. Outside the calyx there are several grayish green linear bracts. There is often a short flower stalk. The petals are white, with 5 or many layers overlapping, wrinkled and curled. In the middle there is a yellow flower center, consisting of numerous stamens united into a tube shape, surrounding the pistil. Light in texture, slightly fragrant, sweet in taste. Those with large flowers and white color are best. The flower is irregular in shape, with a bluntly rounded base, a short stalk, and one whorl of bracts. The calyx appears grayish green, with lobes curled or reflexed; the flower stalk, bracts, and outside of the calyx all have fine hairs; there are 10 petals, wrinkled, pale yellow or pale purple-blue, obovate, with dense white long soft hairs at the base; the stamens are united into a staminal column, with numerous anthers, purple-black in color. The odor is slight and the taste is mild.
The flowering period of Hibiscus syriacus is June-October, and the fruiting period is September-October.
Properties of Hibiscus syriacus Flowers
The flower is irregular in shape, 1.5-3 cm long, 1-1.5 cm wide, with a bluntly rounded base, a short stalk, and one whorl of bracts. The calyx is grayish green, with lobes curled or reflexed; the flower stalk, bracts, and outside of the calyx all have fine hairs; there are 10 petals, wrinkled, pale yellow or pale purple-blue, obovate, with dense white long soft hairs at the base; the stamens are united into a staminal column, with numerous anthers, purple-black in color. The odor is slight and the taste is mild.
Plant Morphology
Hibiscus syriacus is a deciduous shrub, 3-4 m tall. The stem is much branched, and young branches are densely covered with yellow stellate hairs and down. Leaves alternate, ovate or rhombic-ovate, 4-7 cm long, 2-4 cm wide, unlobed or with 3 lobes above the middle, wedge-shaped at the base, with blunt teeth at the margin. Flowers large, solitary in the leaf axils, 5-6 cm in diameter, flower stalk 4-14 mm long; bracteoles 6-7, linear, with stellate hairs; calyx bell-shaped, 5-lobed, with stellate hairs and short soft hairs; petals white, red, light purple, etc., often double; stamens and stigma not extending beyond the corolla. Capsule oblong, about 2 cm long, with a short beak at the apex, densely covered with stellate hairs. Seeds brown.
Ecological Habits of Hibiscus syriacus
Hibiscus syriacus prefers cool, moist climatic conditions with ample sunlight, prefers fertile neutral to slightly acidic soil, is relatively drought-tolerant, tolerant of barren soil, tolerant of semi-shade, dislikes waterlogging, is cold-tolerant, and its suitable growth temperature is 15-28°C.
Hibiscus syriacus prefers ample sunlight and is slightly shade-tolerant. It likes warmth and moisture, is relatively cold-tolerant, and can overwinter safely outdoors in most areas of North China. It prefers fertile, loose soil with good drainage. It is not tolerant of drought and barren conditions, nor of waterlogging.
Cultivation Techniques for Hibiscus syriacus
Open-field Cultivation
Hibiscus syriacus has strong adaptability, grows easily and readily, and is relatively easy to cultivate and manage. From December each year to March of the following year, during the dry season in the south, Hibiscus syriacus enters a semi-dormant state, and management mainly focuses on watering to keep the seedlings alive; from April to October, it enters the high-temperature and rainy season. In April, the plant can be cut back, and fertilizer and water management should be strengthened to promote new shoots and make the flowers bloom profusely.
Planting and Fertilizing
Hibiscus syriacus can be transplanted in spring and autumn. Bare roots can be dipped in mud slurry, and some branch tips can be appropriately pruned; it survives very easily. When planting, base fertilizer should be applied in the planting hole; generally compost or decomposed barnyard manure with a small amount of compound fertilizer is applied, and afterward no fertilizer may be needed; however, to increase flower yield and quality, before flowering in summer, weak trees should be top-dressed, using compost mixed with an appropriate amount of compound fertilizer and applied at the base in combination with weeding and hilling. With extensive management, it can also flourish naturally.
Watering
Pay attention to drainage and waterlogging prevention during the rainy season. During the flowering period, if there is drought, watering should be noted. At the end of autumn, late autumn shoots, overly dense branches, weak small branches, and dead branches should be pruned away to facilitate ventilation and light penetration, maintain plant shape, and prevent cold and overwinter.
Pruning
For Hibiscus syriacus planted as hedges or walls, shaping and pruning should be carried out 2-3 times before spring sprouting and during the growing period; for those scattered in gardens, cut back the trunk in the spring of the second year after planting to promote branching at the base, so that 2-year-old seedlings can be trained into an ideal tree shape.
Intertillage, Hilling, and Weeding
During the growing period of Hibiscus syriacus, weeding and hilling should be carried out 2-3 times. Carry out the first hilling before the seedlings sprout in spring; after the leaves unfold, when the branches have grown 4-5 leaves, carry out the second hilling in combination with weeding.
Planting
Hibiscus syriacus does not have strict soil requirements. Generally, vacant land in front of and behind houses, hillside land, and marginal wasteland can be used for planting. It can also be planted as a hedge in a single row around vegetable plots and orchards, or planted in masses for specialized production.
Hibiscus syriacus is a perennial shrub with fast growth and can be planted once and harvested for many years. To obtain higher yield and facilitate field management and fresh flower harvesting, single-row ridge cultivation can be adopted, with ridge spacing of 110~120 cm and plant spacing of 50~60 cm, and planting holes or planting furrows opened in the middle of the ridges. When transplanting and planting Hibiscus syriacus, sufficient base fertilizer should be applied in the planting holes or planting furrows, generally mainly farmyard manure such as garbage soil or decomposed stable manure, with a small amount of compound fertilizer applied as well. Transplanting and planting are best carried out during the dormant period of the seedlings, and can also be carried out during the rainy growing season. When transplanting, some branches and leaves should be pruned to aid survival. After planting, water once with root-setting water and keep the soil moist until survival.
Field Management
Fertilizer and Water Management
When the branches begin to sprout, top-dressing should be done in a timely manner, mainly with quick-acting fertilizer, to promote vegetative growth. Before flower bud formation, apply phosphorus and potassium fertilizer 1-2 times to promote bud formation; during the full flowering period from May to October, top-dress twice in combination with weeding and hilling, mainly with phosphorus and potassium fertilizer supplemented by nitrogen fertilizer, to maintain flower quantity and tree vigor. During the winter dormant period, carry out weeding and clearing of the garden, open furrows or dig holes around the plant to apply fertilizer, mainly farmyard manure supplemented by an appropriate amount of inorganic compound fertilizer, to supply the nutrients needed for growth and flowering in the coming year. During long periods of drought without rain, irrigation should be noted, and when there is too much rain, drainage and waterlogging prevention should be carried out.
Shaping and Pruning
Newly planted Hibiscus syriacus plants are relatively small. In the first 1-2 years, they can be left to grow freely or lightly pruned, that is, in autumn and winter, cut off dead branches, diseased and weak branches, and declining branches. After the tree body grows larger, the Hibiscus syriacus plant should be shaped and pruned. Shaping and pruning are best carried out after leaf fall in autumn. According to the different degrees of branch spread, Hibiscus syriacus is divided into upright type and spreading type. The upright type has branches with a small insertion angle, nearly upright, strong sprouting ability, relatively poor branching ability, and is not suited to long-term leaving unpruned. It can be trained and transformed into a trunked, non-tiered tree form: select and retain 3-4 main branches on the trunk, remove the rest, and on each main branch select and retain 1-2 side branches; this is called a trunked open-center form.
Pruning Methods
Timely use back branches to replace the leader to prevent the outer branch tips from drooping and prematurely aging. The treatment of branch tips is the same as for the open-center form; for upright branches sprouting from the inner canopy, generally remove them to prevent excessive branches from disrupting the tree shape.
1. Reasonably select and retain main branches and side branches, and remove excess main branches and side branches in batches, so that the main and side branches are reasonably distributed and the density is moderate;
2. Heavily retract the main branches and side branches. The branching angle of new branch tips should be large and the direction should be correct. For overly dense peripheral branches, reasonable thinning should be carried out to facilitate ventilation and light penetration;
3. For 1-year-old strong flowering branches, leave them unpruned after flowering and release them; the following year, remove all vigorous shoots and strong flowering branches that sprout on them, leaving medium and short branches to flower. Continuously retract and renew the finer perennial branches in the inner canopy. Cutting back medium flowering branches at the branching point can effectively regulate branch vigor and promote improved flower bud quality;
4. Shorten the peripheral branch tips, cutting to retain outer buds. Generally 3 strong branches can be produced. Remove the competing branches at the branch tips, leave the others unpruned, and then retract them to train them into branch groups. The spreading type of Hibiscus syriacus has larger branch angles and spreading branches, and produces more vigorous branches and medium flowering branches than the upright type, so it can be trained into a bushy shrub form. The spreading type of Hibiscus syriacus often has the problems of too many basal branches, peripheral branch tips drooping prematurely, and inner-canopy upright branches being numerous and chaotic.
Cultivation Methods for Hibiscus syriacus
Indoor Cultivation
Potting, Repotting, and Rotating the Pot
The potting soil can be prepared with peat soil or leaf mold plus 1/4 river sand or perlite and a small amount of base fertilizer, or sandy loam can be used. Before potting, cut the cutting seedlings off at 15~20 cm to promote branching. Hibiscus syriacus grows relatively quickly, so it should be repotted once a year to increase the nutrients in the pot, and root trimming and branch pruning should be carried out to maintain plant shape. Hibiscus syriacus grows quickly, and because indoor light is uneven, in order to maintain good plant shape and bloom more, the pot can be rotated once a week.
Water, Fertilizer, and Pruning
Indoor potted Hibiscus syriacus grows quickly and has a high demand for water and fertilizer. In summer, water once every 2~3 days; during spring and autumn when there is no heating, water once every 4~6 days; during the winter heating period when the room is dry, water once every 2~3 days. The nutrients of the base fertilizer in the pot cannot meet the needs of Hibiscus syriacus growth, so foliar fertilizer should be sprayed once every 2 weeks; during the bud formation and flowering periods, spray the leaves once a week with 500~1000 times diluted monopotassium phosphate solution; during the post-flowering pruning recovery period, urea solution can be sprayed. In order to maintain plant shape, pruning is generally done after flowering, mainly cutting off weak branches and dead branches.
Fresh Flower Harvesting
The harvesting period of Hibiscus syriacus is long. During the several months from the start of flowering to the end of flowering in a year, fresh flowers open every day. For flowers used as vegetables, picking should preferably be done in the early morning each day, harvesting freshly opened flowers. When harvesting, pick and place them gently, and use appropriate packaging to bring them to market as soon as possible to ensure the flowers remain fresh.
Hibiscus syriacus has a long flowering period. In the Yangtze River basin, flowering begins in May and ends in October. As for a single flower, it opens in the early morning and withers the next day. Therefore, flowers used as vegetables should preferably be picked every morning. If processing by drying in the sun, they should be picked in the morning on a sunny day and dried immediately. After drying, place them in a ventilated and dry place, and protect against pressure and insects.
Propagation Methods for Hibiscus syriacus
Hibiscus syriacus can be propagated by sowing, cuttings, and grafting. Hibiscus syriacus has strong adaptability, grows easily and readily, and is relatively easy to cultivate and manage.
Hibiscus syriacus has strong adaptability, grows easily and readily, and is relatively easy to cultivate and manage. From December each year to March of the following year, during the dry season in the south, Hibiscus syriacus enters a semi-dormant state, and management mainly focuses on watering to keep the seedlings alive; from April to October, it enters the high-temperature and rainy season. In April, the plant can be cut back, and fertilizer and water management should be strengthened to promote new shoots and make the flowers bloom profusely.
From December each year to March of the following year, during the dry season in the south, Hibiscus syriacus enters a semi-dormant state, and management mainly focuses on watering to keep the seedlings alive; from April to October, it enters the high-temperature and rainy season. In April, the plant can be cut back, and fertilizer and water management should be strengthened to promote new shoots and make the flowers bloom profusely.
Division Propagation
Before sprouting in early spring, dig up vigorous adult clumps, use 3 main branches as 1 clump, and plant them at a plant and row spacing of 50 x 60 cm.
Cutting Propagation
Cuttings can be taken from mid-March to early April in combination with pruning and shaping. Select lignified, robust branches as cuttings, 10~12 cm long. For open-field cuttings in red soil or sandy soil, the soil must be kept moist, but the survival rate is relatively low; it is best to insert cuttings into a seedbed kept moist with plastic film, and at a temperature of 17°C to 20°C they root very easily.
Select 1~2-year-old robust branches that have not yet sprouted. Cut them into small sections 15~20 cm long. When taking cuttings, prepare a small stick, poke small holes in the seedbed according to plant and row spacing, then insert the Hibiscus syriacus branches, firm the soil, with a planting depth of 10~15 cm, that is, a planting depth reaching 2/3 of the cutting is suitable. Water thoroughly immediately after inserting. No base fertilizer needs to be applied when taking cuttings.
Cutting Propagation and Seedling Raising
Hibiscus syriacus has a high survival rate from cuttings, and the cutting material is also relatively easy to obtain, so it is often propagated by cuttings. Cutting propagation and seedling raising should preferably be carried out in early spring before the branches and leaves sprout. Select robust plants free of pests and diseases as mother plants. Before the mother tree sprouts, select 1~2-year-old middle and upper branches with a diameter of more than 1 cm as propagation material. Cut the branches into 15~20 cm long sections, soak them in clean water for 4~6 hours, and then take cuttings. Before inserting, prepare the seedbed well, make beds with a bed-and-furrow width of 130 cm and a height of 25 cm, and apply 6 kg of stable manure, 1.5 kg of burnt soil, and 75 g of calcium magnesium phosphate per square meter as base fertilizer.
For cuttings, the furrow depth is required to be 15 cm, the furrow spacing 20~30 cm, and the plant spacing 8~10 cm. The upper end of the cutting should be exposed 3~5 cm above the soil surface, or the planting depth should be 2/3 of the cutting. After inserting, hill up the soil and firm it, and water in a timely manner.
Cutting seedlings generally take root and sprout in about 1 month. If plastic greenhouses and other heat-preserving and warming facilities are used, cutting propagation and seedling raising can also be carried out after leaf fall in autumn. Soak the prepared cuttings in 100~200 mg/L NAA solution for 18~24 hours, insert them into sand, water in a timely manner, cover with agricultural film, maintain the temperature at 18~25°C and relative humidity above 85%, and after rooting move them to the nursery for cultivation.
Because Hibiscus syriacus roots very easily from cuttings, when the number cultivated is relatively small, direct cutting cultivation can be carried out, directly planting the cuttings into the planting holes according to the cultivation density without the need for transplanting; long branches can also be used for direct cutting cultivation, with a planting depth of more than 20 cm, to prevent lodging and drought damage due to overly shallow roots.
Key Points for Cutting Propagation and Seedling Raising
Hibiscus syriacus has vigorous growth and roots very easily, so cuttings are mostly used for propagation in production. Cutting is suitable when buds are about to sprout in spring. In combination with pruning, collect 1-year-old strong branches, cut them into 15-20 cm long cuttings, soak them in clean water for several hours, and then insert them. The depth of insertion into the bed soil should be 2/3-3/4 of the cutting length. Because Hibiscus syriacus is a shallow-rooted plant, the cuttings should be inserted more than 15 cm into the soil to prevent lodging or early death during the seedling stage. Keep 1 axillary bud at the top of the cutting at the soil surface, and spray water frequently to maintain moisture; they root and survive very easily. The current-year seedlings can reach more than 80 cm tall, and are transplanted after leaf fall or in the following spring when they sprout.
It is also possible to collect current-year semi-lignified new shoots in June-July, cut the basal part of the new shoots into 8-10 cm sections as cuttings, retain 1 leaf at the top, and insert them into a sand bed at 2/3 depth. After inserting, shade them and use misting to maintain moisture. After the cuttings take root and survive, gradually remove the shade net and reduce misting. After hardening the seedlings for 1-2 weeks, transplant or pot them.
Seed Propagation
Generally carried out in April in spring. After the fruit matures in October, seed collection from November to December is most suitable. After harvesting, extract the seeds and store them dry at low temperature, then sow in rows or broadcast in April of the following spring. For division propagation, after leaf fall in autumn or before sprouting in early spring, dig up the sprouts at the root crown of the plant and plant them separately. Before planting, the roots can be appropriately pruned, and the aboveground parts should be heavily cut back. Hibiscus syriacus has strong adaptability, is simple to cultivate, and requires extensive management; generally it can be left to grow freely. However, in order to improve its ornamental effect and make its flowers abundant and colorful, necessary management should be provided. Hibiscus syriacus blooms on current-year new branches, and appropriate pruning can be carried out after leaf fall in autumn. When pruning, thinning and cutting back should be combined. Appropriately shorten long branches, thin out overly dense branches and fine weak branches, so that nutrients are concentrated and the plant is full. In mid-to-late April after the plants sprout in spring, fertilizer should be applied once, and watering should be done in a timely manner to ensure sufficient fertilizer and water in the soil. When planting Hibiscus syriacus, base fertilizer should be applied in the planting hole, and generally no further fertilizer is applied afterward. From before bud sprouting in spring to the flowering period in summer, irrigate 2~3 times depending on the weather. During the rainy season, drain water to prevent waterlogging. After autumn and before frost, irrigate thoroughly once to prevent freezing. In late summer and early autumn, watering is not suitable, so as to avoid autumn shoots growing too tender and reducing cold resistance. For seedlings below 5~6 years old, cold protection measures should be taken when overwintering, such as hilling soil around the roots.
Layering Propagation Techniques
Because Hibiscus syriacus branches root very easily, before sprouting in spring, dig a shallow furrow beside the mother plant, lay 1-year-old branches horizontally into the small furrow, cover with soil, and keep the soil in the layering furrow moist; they quickly root and send out shoots. After leaf fall in autumn, cut off the layered branch from the base, then dig out the seedling and divide it into individual plants.
Pest and Disease Control for Hibiscus syriacus
During the growing period, Hibiscus syriacus has relatively few pests and diseases. The main diseases include anthracnose, leaf blight, and powdery mildew; the main insect pests include red spider mites, aphids, bagworm moths, noctuid moths, and longhorn beetles. When pests and diseases occur, diseased and pest-infested branches can be pruned away, and safe, efficient, low-toxicity pesticides can be selected for spray control or trapping. Attention should be paid to early control, and pesticide application should be avoided during the flowering and harvesting period to ensure that the harvested Hibiscus syriacus flowers are not contaminated by pesticides.
Hibiscus syriacus is susceptible to damage from mites, aphids, longhorn beetles, and others. Pay attention to early control. When insect pests occur, some efficient and low-toxicity pesticides can be used, such as fenbutatin oxide, flufenoxuron, and others, and the branches and trunk should be checked regularly. If longhorn beetle damage is found, seal the holes promptly and kill the borers heavily.
The main insect pests commonly occurring on Hibiscus syriacus are aphids, leaf-rolling moths, inchworms, and slug moths.
1. Aphids
In spring, when the nymph aphids first hatch, spray 80% dimethoate emulsion at 200 times dilution, or spray 40% omethoate at 2000 times dilution to kill the nymph aphids on the branches and trunk. For aphids that have already formed galls or are produced on the tree in autumn, the pesticide concentration should be appropriately increased.
2. Leaf-rolling moths
When the larvae first hatch or before they fall to the ground while in the leaf-rolling damage state, spray 50% phoxim at 1000 times dilution or 90% trichlorfon at 1000 times dilution.
3. Inchworms
During the larval occurrence period, spray 90% trichlorfon or 40% dimethoate at 1000 times dilution to kill the larvae, and protect and release parasitic wasps. 4. Slug moths: Use methods such as picking, tapping, and digging to collect cocoons, and dig pits to bury them deeply, which can effectively reduce pest density. The young larvae of slug moths mostly cluster to cause damage and can be removed and destroyed manually; the adult moths' phototaxis can also be used by setting black light traps to trap and kill them, with very good results.
Variety Classification of Hibiscus syriacus
Types
White single-center series
Red single-center series
Purple single-center series
Blue single-center series
Korean series
Asda series
There are also double-flowered Hibiscus syriacus.
Common Varieties
White double-flowered Hibiscus syriacus: white petals with fine purplish red lines and small spots, double-flowered.
Glass double-petalled rose of Sharon: branches straight, flowers double, sky-blue.
Purple-red double-petalled rose of Sharon: petals purple-red or with white, double.
Variegated rose of Sharon: leaves bear white spots, flowers purple, double.
Distribution range of the rose of Sharon
The rose of Sharon is mainly distributed in tropical and subtropical regions. Species of the genus Hibiscus originated on the African continent, where Hibiscus species are numerous and display rich genetic diversity.
In addition, wild types of this species have also been found in Southeast Asia, South America, Australia and Central America. China is also one of the places of origin of some Hibiscus species. Globally, research and cultivation of Hibiscus species are mostly concentrated in Hawaii in the United States, New South Wales and Queensland in Australia, Malaysia, South Korea and elsewhere, mainly for ornamental cultivation. The most widely applied are the Chinese hibiscus (H. rosa-sinensis), the rose of Sharon, and the cotton rose (H. mutabilis), along with their cultivars and hybrids.
Resource distribution: the medicinal material is produced in Jiangsu, Hubei, Sichuan, Henan, Hebei, Shaanxi and other places.
Places of origin: China, India, Syria, the Korean Peninsula.
Landscape uses of the rose of Sharon
The rose of Sharon is varied in colour and brilliant, an excellent plant for free-growing flowering hedges. It is suitable for planting along roadsides, in parks, courtyards and other places, and can be planted singly, in rows or in masses.
In gardens, the rose of Sharon is commonly used as a flowering hedge, planted singly, in rows, or as a background for other shrubs. In bloom, the whole tree is covered with flowers, dazzlingly beautiful and quite spectacular.
Uses and purposes of the rose of Sharon
Ornamental value
The rose of Sharon is varied in colour and brilliant, very beautiful. The best are those with large, intact flowers, dry, white in colour and free of impurities. It is an excellent plant for free-growing flowering hedges.
The rose of Sharon serves as a background for other shrubs; in bloom, the whole tree is covered with flowers, dazzlingly beautiful and quite spectacular.
Economic value
The rose of Sharon can also be used as a traditional Chinese medicine, and it is edible as well, giving it relatively high economic value.
Dietary or medicinal value of the rose of Sharon
The medical information and health dietary information on Hugarden Network is for reference only and cannot serve as a basis for diagnosis or medical treatment. Any health problem should be consulted with professional medical personnel, and treatment of any disease should follow a doctor's advice.
Ultimate flower-protecting mission: love yourself, start from reality, and strictly follow your doctor's advice. For illness, do not be careless, do not delay, do not give up hope; face it bravely, warm the silent world with love, and care for the flower field within your heart.
Medicinal material information
Basic information
[Alternative names]: Limeihua (Lingwai Daida), flowers that open in the morning and fall at dusk (Gangmu), malaria flower (Qunfangpu), hedge flower, trumpet flower (Zhongguo Shumu Fenleixue), white jade flower (Fujian Folk Herbal Medicine), fence flower, lard flower (Compilation of Commonly Used Folk Herbal Medicines), bowl-breaking flower (Jiangxi Traditional Chinese Medicine), lamp flower (Hunan Medicinal Records), white rice flower, white flour flower (Fujian Traditional Chinese Medicine).
[Prescription names]: rose of Sharon flower, hibiscus tree flower, fresh rose of Sharon flower, white hibiscus flower.
[Trade names]: rose of Sharon flower, Sichuan hibiscus flower. The best are those with large, intact flowers, dry, white in colour and free of impurities.
[Harvesting and storage of the medicinal material]: between Major Heat and End of Heat, choose a clear morning and pick the flowers when half-open, then sun-dry.
[Textual research]: from Rihua Zi Bencao.
Main indications and usage
Flower
Mainly treats intestinal wind with bloody stool, red and white dysentery, bleeding hemorrhoids, cough due to lung heat, coughing blood, leukorrhea, sores, boils and carbuncles, and scalds. Leaves: mainly treat red and white dysentery; intestinal wind; carbuncles, swellings and sores. Stem bark or root bark: mainly treat damp-heat diarrhea and dysentery, intestinal wind with bloody stool, rectal prolapse, hemorrhoids, red and white leukorrhea, vaginal trichomoniasis, skin scabies and tinea, and scrotal eczema. Fruit: mainly treat phlegm-type panting and cough, bronchitis, migraine and general headache, impetigo, and eczema. Root: mainly treat intestinal wind, dysentery, lung abscess, intestinal abscess, swollen and painful hemorrhoids, red and white leukorrhea; scabies and tinea, and pulmonary tuberculosis. Flower: oral use: decoct in water, 3-9 g, or 30-60 g fresh. External use: appropriate amount, ground into powder or the fresh product pounded and applied.
Leaf
Oral use: decoct in water, 3-9 g, or 30-60 g fresh. External use: apply an appropriate amount. Stem bark or root bark: external use: appropriate amount, soaked in liquor and rubbed on, or decocted in water for fumigation and washing. Oral use: decoct in water, 3-9 g. Fruit: oral use: decoct in water, 9-15 g. External use: appropriate amount, decocted in water for fumigation and washing. Root: oral use: decoct in water, 15-25 g, or 50-100 g fresh. External use: appropriate amount, decocted in water for fumigation and washing.
1. Coughing blood: fresh rose of Sharon flowers 30 g, rock sugar 15 g. Decoct in water and take. (Fujian Medicinal Records)
2. Wasting-thirst: rose of Sharon root 30-60 g. Decoct in water and take frequently as a tea substitute. (Fujian Folk Herbal Medicine)
Single-ingredient and proven recipes
1. To treat dysentery: rose of Sharon flowers and rock sugar 30 g each, decoct in water and take, 1 dose per day.
2. To treat bleeding hemorrhoids: rose of Sharon flowers 15 g, decoct in water and take.
3. To treat red and white dysentery: rose of Sharon flowers 15 g, decoct in water and take with honey added. For red dysentery use red flowers, for white dysentery use white flowers; avoid sour foods, permission granted.
4. To treat eye disorders from wind-heat: rose of Sharon flowers 15-30 g, decoct in water and take.
5. To treat leukorrhea: rose of Sharon flowers, Patrinia scabiosifolia and white cockscomb 15 g each, 1 dose per day, decocted in water and taken in 2 divided doses.
6. To treat edema: fresh rose of Sharon root and common rush 30 g each, decoct in water and take before meals, 2 times per day.
7. To treat impetigo: rose of Sharon bark ground into powder, mixed with vinegar and stewed until glue-like, then applied.
Collection and processing of the medicinal material
In summer and autumn, on clear days when the flowers first open, pick the fully open flowers and sun-dry them.
Discussions by various authors
1. Rihua Zi Bencao: treats intestinal wind with bloody stool and red and white dysentery, and is roasted for medicinal use; made into a decoction as a tea substitute, it treats wind.
2. Bencao Gangmu: reduces sores and swellings, promotes urination, and removes damp-heat.
3. Bencao Huiyan: can remove various heats, its slippery and lubricating nature can guide out accumulated stagnation, and it is good for treating red and white accumulative dysentery, with dryness and obstruction preventing passage, and a bearing-down urge to defecate that cannot be relieved; pound the juice and mix with raw white liquor and drink warm.
4. Benjing Fengyuan: the red ones treat intestinal wind and bloody dysentery, the white ones treat leukorrhea and white dysentery.
5. Anhui Medicinal Materials: treats skin diseases.
6. Jiangxi Traditional Chinese Medicine: the white flowers, cooked and eaten together with mountain finch, can stop nosebleeds.
7. Yilin Zuanyao: rose of Sharon flowers, the white flowers are suitable for those with lung-heat cough and blood-streaked sputum, and also treat lung abscess, by virtue of their sweet-tonifying and bland-draining action. Also, the red and white flowers are used separately to treat red and white dysentery, because the large intestine and lung are interior-exterior paired, and the small intestine and heart are interior-exterior paired; all dysentery is damp-heat of the two intestines, and using a slippery agent to remove stagnation brings a cure.
Clinical application of the rose of Sharon
Wash the rose of Sharon flowers, sun-dry them and grind them into powder for later use. Take 2 g each time, reduced as appropriate for children, once every 2 hours, with 3 to 5 days as one course of treatment. In a trial treatment of 300 cases, symptoms were controlled in 96.3%; generally after taking the medicine, body temperature dropped rapidly, and bowel movements improved within 2 to 3 days.
Usage and dosage: oral use: decoct in water, 1 to 3 qian (1 to 2 liang fresh); ground into powder, 0.5 to 1 qian.
Selected recipes
1. To treat dysentery with inability to eat: remove the calyx from red rose of Sharon flowers, dry them in the shade and grind into powder; first cook two flour cakes, dip them in the powder and eat. (Jiji Xianfang)
2. To treat red and white dysentery: rose of Sharon flowers 1 liang (halved for children), decoct in water, and take with 3 fen of white honey added. For red dysentery use red flowers, for white dysentery use white flowers; avoid sour and cold foods. (Yunnan Traditional Chinese Medicine Proven Recipes)
3. To treat vomiting blood, blood in the stool, and red and white dysentery: rose of Sharon flowers 9 to 13 blossoms. Add an appropriate amount of boiling water and rock sugar and stew for half an hour, take before meals, 2 times per day. (Fujian Folk Herbal Medicine)
4. To treat wind-phlegm congestion and counterflow: sun-dry rose of Sharon flowers, roast and grind them, take 1 or 2 spoonfuls each time, swallowed with boiling water on an empty stomach; the white flowers are especially good. (Jianbian Danfang)
5. To treat regurgitation: thousand-petalled white rose of Sharon flowers, dried in the shade and ground into powder, taken with aged rice broth, 3 to 5 mouthfuls; if it does not turn, take again mixed with rice broth. (Xiuzhen Fang, Hibiscus Flower Powder)
6. To treat leukorrhea in women: rose of Sharon flowers 2 qian, ground into powder, mixed with human milk, steamed over rice and eaten. (Diannan Bencao)
7. To treat boils and swellings: fresh rose of Sharon flowers an appropriate amount, a little sweet wine, pounded and applied externally. (Jiangxi Herbal Medicine)
Precautions for the rose of Sharon
The rose of Sharon is the flower of the Hibiscus plant of the Malvaceae family. There are two kinds, red and white, both used as medicine. Its nature and flavour are sweet and bitter, cool. Rihua Zi Bencao uses it to treat intestinal wind with bloody stool and red and white dysentery. It can be roasted and used as medicine, and can also be "made into a decoction as a tea substitute" for drinking.
Jiji Xianfang, to treat dysentery with inability to eat, uses "red rose of Sharon flowers with the calyx removed, dried in the shade and ground into powder; first cook two flour cakes, dip them in the powder and eat."
Fujian Folk Herbal Medicine, to treat vomiting blood, blood in the stool, and red and white dysentery, uses "rose of Sharon flowers 9 to 13 blossoms, with an appropriate amount of boiling water and rock sugar added, stewed for half an hour, taken before meals, 2 times per day."
Diannan Bencao, to treat leukorrhea in women, uses "rose of Sharon flowers 2 qian ground into powder, mixed with human milk, steamed over rice and eaten."
The above materials show that the rose of Sharon has a good hemostatic and leukorrhea-treating effect, and has multiple methods of consumption.
Pharmacological test: the ethanol infusion of the root and stem has an inhibitory effect in test tubes on Gram-positive bacteria, dysentery bacilli and typhoid bacilli.
Edible value
Rose of Sharon tea
Suitable pairings: the rose of Sharon is suitable for brewing alone and is not suitable for pairing with other flower teas.
Brewing and drinking method: brewing and drinking method for the rose of Sharon: one teaspoon of petals, brewed with a cup of boiling water, steeped for about ten minutes and it is ready; brown sugar or honey may be added to taste.
Tea saying: the rose of Sharon represents a lucky plant.
Dietary nutrition
The rose of Sharon is an edible flower; eating it was recorded as early as in the Classic of Poetry. People of Tingzhou in Fujian use rose of Sharon flowers with thin batter and chopped scallions, fried in oil, crisp and tasty, commonly known as "noodle flowers" or "flower fritters". Residents of the mountainous Huizhou area cook rose of Sharon flowers with tofu, which is very fresh and delicious.
The rose of Sharon is sweet in flavour and cool in nature; eating it can clear heat, drain dampness and cool the blood, detoxify and beautify the skin.
Rose of Sharon buds have a crisp mouthfeel when eaten. Fully bloomed rose of Sharon flowers have a smooth mouthfeel when eaten.
The nutritional value of the rose of Sharon is extremely high. Every 100 grams of the edible portion contains 1.68 g protein, 0.19 g fat, 0.38 g total acids, 1.4 g crude fiber, 10.3 g dry matter, 2.10 g reducing sugars, 24.6 mg vitamin C, 1.19 g total amino acids, 0.8 mg iron, 60.6 mg calcium and 0.30 mg zinc, and it also contains flavonoid active compounds and mucilage. If referring to the pollen, its nutritional value is even higher.
Dish preparation
Crispy fried rose of Sharon flowers, shredded pork with rose of Sharon flowers, and rose of Sharon flowers with crucian carp.
Rose of Sharon and Amomum tofu soup
White rose of Sharon flowers 10 to 12 blossoms, Yangchun Amomum villosum 1 g, tender tofu 250 g, fine salt, MSG, sesame oil and minced ginger as appropriate. Heat the pan, add peanut oil and heat to 80% hot, put in the Yangchun Amomum villosum and minced ginger and stir-fry until fragrant, remove the residue, add 500 g water, put in the tofu slices and bring to a boil. Remove the calyx from the rose of Sharon flowers, wash them, put them into the pan and bring to a boil again, add fine salt and MSG to adjust the flavour, drizzle a little sesame oil and it is done. It tastes of flower fragrance, the tofu is pure and clean, sweet and tasty. It can be used to treat abundant wind-phlegm, regurgitation, hemorrhoids with bloody stool, and so on.
Cultural background of the rose of Sharon
About poetry
Watching the Sogdian Whirl Dance at Night in the Residence of Vice Censor-in-Chief Wang - Liu Yanshi
The Sogdian boy from Shi is seldom seen by people, crouching and dancing before the wine cup, swift as a bird. A woven foreign hat with a hollow pointed top,
A fine cotton foreign shirt with two small sleeves. He tosses down the grape cup from his hand, and looking west suddenly thinks of the distant road home.
Leaping and spinning, the jeweled belt rings; his feet move in a dazzle, the brocade boots soft. All four seats are speechless, everyone staring,
The transverse flute and pipa quicken all over. Wildly leaping on the new carpet, snow and vermilion hair, brushing past light flowers beneath the red candles.
The wine is finished, the dance ends, the strings and pipes fall silent; west of the rose of Sharon flowers, the waning moon is seen.
Rose of Sharon
Poet Jin Pengshuo, dynasty: Song, genre: none.
Closing at night and opening at dawn, the autumn dew is fresh; in the quiet courtyard it suits the clear painted screen.
If it can indeed remove the grudges of the world, why need one have favoured Taizhen in those years.
Legend
In the Puyang area, the story of the three flower goddesses Shunhua, Shunying and Shunji has been passed down for a long time, and has been told with ever more wondrous embellishment. In fact, they were originally common rose of Sharon trees. So how did the trees become immortals, and how did they come to have such elegant names?
This must be told from ancient times.
In ancient times, east of the ancient capital mound there was a ridge called Lishan. At the foot of Lishan grew three clumps of rose of Sharon, about two zhang tall, with crowns spanning a mu. Every summer and autumn, the trees were covered with flowers, gorgeous as brocade.
One year in the first month of autumn, the so-called "Four Fiends", "Hundun", "Qiongqi", "Taowu" and "Taotie", also came to Lishan to sightsee. Seeing such beautiful scenery, they at once harboured wicked intentions, vainly hoping to move the plants away and claim them as their own. So the "Four Fiends" launched a battle at Lishan to fight over the rose of Sharon. The "Four Fiends" and their underlings all fought until their heads were broken and blood flowed, and finally they dug up the three clumps of rose of Sharon. Strange to say, as soon as the rose of Sharon trees fell, they quickly withered, even the flowers perishing and the leaves falling. Seeing this, the "Four Fiends" reckoned that even if they took them back they would be hard to keep alive, so one by one they left Lishan dejected.
Yu Shun, who was leading the farmers in farming at Lishan, came upon hearing the news. He called the farmers to lift up the three clumps of rose of Sharon and draw water to irrigate them. A miracle appeared: the branches and leaves of the three clumps of rose of Sharon revived at once, and the flowers bloomed as before. Yu Shun smiled, and the farmers rejoiced.
To repay Yu Shun's kindness in saving their lives, the rose of Sharon fairies took Yu Shun's personal name as their surname, as a mark of remembrance. Yu Shun understood this very clearly in his heart. It turned out that on the night the rose of Sharon revived, Yu Shun saw the fair faces of three fairies in a dream, and they told him the above matters...
In the hazy dream, Yu Shun saw three fairy maidens drifting over. Looking closely, each had a face like a peach blossom, like three lotus flowers emerging from water. Just as Yu Shun was gazing spellbound, he suddenly saw the three fairies make a wanfu salute and say "benefactor". Yu Shun did not know what to do, and asked blankly: "Where do you come from, and why call me benefactor?" The three fairy maidens smiled and said: "We are not human, we are rose of Sharon fairies. Thanks to you, benefactor, for saving us in our peril, we have been able to preserve our forms." Hearing this, Yu Shun rose in a fluster and made a long bow, saying: "I did not know the immortal gods had descended; I have failed in proper courtesy, I beg the high immortals to forgive me." Hearing this, the three fairies could not help laughing. One fairy said solemnly: "We sisters are only subordinate members of the hundred flowers; you, benefactor, are a proud son of heaven, how would we dare put you to the trouble of great ceremony? Moreover, we sisters have already reported to the Heavenly Emperor and taken your personal name Shun as our surname, to repay your great kindness." Yu Shun was about to ask again, but the fair figures had already vanished, and only streaks of moonlight were seen before the bed.
After Yu Shun moved to Fuxia, he divided the clumps and transplanted them inside the new city, and the rose of Sharon flourished with luxuriant branches and leaves; after ascending the throne as Son of Heaven, he transplanted them again to Pugu, and the rose of Sharon bloomed in abundance like brocade. The rose of Sharon thus became the national flower.
National flower and city flower of the rose of Sharon
National flower of South Korea
In South Korea, the rose of Sharon is also called "mugunghwa" (endless flower) and is the national flower of the Republic of Korea. In Korean history, the Taegukgi first appeared in the 19th century. In the 19th year of King Gojong of the Joseon dynasty, that is, August 1882, envoys Pak Yeong-hyo and Kim Ok-gyun were ordered to go to Japan for negotiations. On the way, the two discussed that it would not do for representatives of a country to have no national flag. So they drew the Taegukgi on the ship bound for Japan. After Pak and Kim returned, in 1883 the flag was formally adopted as the national flag of the Joseon dynasty and promulgated for use. In 1948, when the South Korean government was established, it also decided to use the Taegukgi as the national flag. In 1990, South Korea designated the single-petalled red-centred series cultivars as the Korean national flower, while the South Korean Ministry of Education formally promulgated the production standard for the Taegukgi and decided that the top of the flagpole should be decorated with the national flower, the rose of Sharon.
The pattern on the flag: the white background represents the land, the circle in the middle represents the people, and the four trigrams around it represent the government. The national emblem of that country is also circular, with the circular face being a five-petalled rose of Sharon and the middle bearing the taeguk pattern. The ribbon bears the words "Republic of Korea".
The national emblem of South Korea takes the national flower, the rose of Sharon, as its main subject. The branches of the rose of Sharon produce many flower buds; after one flower withers, the other buds will continue to open one after another. Therefore, Koreans also call it "mugunghwa" (endless flower), symbolising the national spirit of endless life from generation to generation; the white rose of Sharon can also represent a noble national spirit. In the centre of the flower is placed the traditional taeguk pattern, carrying forward the distinctive Korean national style.
National flower of Malaysia
Malaysia's national flower is also the rose of Sharon (also called the large red flower), Bunga Raya.
Among these, the Chinese hibiscus is the national flower of Malaysia and Fiji. In 1950 the United States established the Hibiscus Society, which carried out extensive collection of Hibiscus species worldwide and holds a leading position in the breeding of Chinese hibiscus and rose of Sharon cultivars, with new cultivars introduced every year. Among the more than 200 cultivars of rose of Sharon, more than 100 are native Korean cultivars. In 1990, South Korea designated the single-petalled red-centred series cultivars as the Korean national flower.
National flower name
The rose of Sharon is the national flower of the Republic of Korea. In Korean history, the Taegukgi first appeared in the 19th century. In the 19th year of King Gojong of the Joseon dynasty, that is, August 1882, envoys Pak Yeong-hyo and Kim Ok-gyun were ordered to go to Japan for negotiations. On the way, the two discussed that it would not do for representatives of a country to have no national flag. So they drew the Taegukgi on the ship bound for Japan. After Pak and Kim returned, in 1883 the flag was formally adopted as the national flag of the Joseon dynasty and promulgated for use.
In 1948, when the South Korean government was established, it also decided to use the Taegukgi as the national flag. Later, the South Korean Ministry of Education formally promulgated the production standard for the Taegukgi and decided that the top of the flagpole should be decorated with the national flower, the rose of Sharon. The pattern on the flag: the white background represents the land, the circle in the middle represents the people, and the four trigrams around it represent the government. The national emblem of that country is also circular, with the circular face being a five-petalled rose of Sharon and the middle bearing the yin-yang pattern. The ribbon bears the words "Republic of Korea".
Flower language of the rose of Sharon
Flower language of the rose of Sharon: tenacity, eternal beauty.
The rose of Sharon has extremely strong vitality. The flower symbolises a character that remains firm in purpose despite all hardships, and also symbolises prosperity, and symbolises nostalgia and valuing loyalty and affection.
Flower language of the rose of Sharon: gentle persistence.
Hibiscus flowers open in the morning and fall at dusk, just like a fleeting epiphyllum bloom, but people often say that things are precious for being rare. Precisely because the hibiscus flower's blooming time is so brief, people cherish its flowering period all the more, yet the hibiscus also conveys a sense of strength accumulated over time and released in one burst, with every fading serving the next, even more splendid bloom. It feels like the sun that keeps setting and rising, or like spring departing and autumn arriving as the four seasons cycle on, yet life goes on endlessly. It is even more like loving someone: there will be emotional lows, there will be romantic passion, but every low point is a gathering of momentum, a preparation for a new blooming, retaining charm even in the ordinary. Because they understand that ups and downs are inevitable, but nothing will make them waver in the choice they made at the beginning; the faith in love remains eternal and unchanging.
The flower meaning of the hibiscus: rising step by step.
Among hibiscus flowers, the plum blossom and "rising step by step" mean wishing the other person steady advancement in position or status.
Edible hibiscus flowers
Every 100 grams of the edible portion of hibiscus flowers contains 1.68 grams of protein, 0.19 grams of fat, 0.38 grams of total acid, 1.40 grams of crude fiber, 10.3 grams of dry matter, 2.10 grams of reducing sugar, 24.6 milligrams of vitamin C, 1.19 grams of total amino acids, 0.8 milligrams of iron, 60.66 milligrams of calcium, and 0.30 milligrams of zinc, and also contains flavonoids, a large amount of saponins and mucilage, etc.
1. Hibiscus tofu pudding
Add ingredients according to your own preference. First bring the tofu pudding to a boil, add the hibiscus flowers and bring to a boil again, and a delicious hibiscus tofu pudding is ready.
2. Hibiscus and Amomum tofu soup
10-12 white hibiscus flowers, 1 gram of Yangchun Amomum villosum, 250 grams of tender tofu, and appropriate amounts of fine salt, monosodium glutamate, sesame oil, and minced ginger.
Heat a pan, add peanut oil and heat until 80% hot, add the Yangchun Amomum villosum and minced ginger and stir-fry until fragrant, remove the residue, add 500 grams of water, add the tofu slices and bring to a boil. Remove the calyxes from the hibiscus flowers, wash them clean, put them into the pan and bring to a boil again, add fine salt and monosodium glutamate to adjust the seasoning, drizzle with a little sesame oil, and it is ready. It tastes of flower fragrance, the tofu is pure and clean, and it is sweet and delicious. It has the effect of treating wind-phlegm obstruction, nausea, and hemorrhoidal bleeding. 3. Hibiscus crucian carp
3. Crucian carp with hibiscus flowers
15-20 hibiscus flowers, 2 crucian carp, 500 grams of large scallions, 100 grams of pork leaf fat, and appropriate amounts of ginger, salt, cooking wine, vinegar, white sugar, soy sauce, lard, and peanut oil.
Remove the calyxes from the fresh hibiscus flowers, take the petals, wash them clean, and cut them into thick shreds. Gut and clean the crucian carp, then rinse off the blood with clean water, cut off the fins, and make several straight cuts on both sides of the fish body, smear with soy sauce and set aside on a plate. Wash and trim the large scallions; cut the white parts into 7 cm long sections, then split each in half lengthwise, and set the remaining scallions aside. Cut the pork leaf fat into square cubes about the size of broad beans. Heat a pan, add peanut oil, and when the oil is 50% hot, put the soy-sauce-coated crucian carp into the oil and fry until light yellow, then scoop it out and set aside on a plate. Take another clean pan, line the bottom with the remaining scallions and shredded ginger, place the fish on top, arrange the white scallion sections over the fish, sprinkle the diced leaf fat on top, add cooking wine, salt, soy sauce, white sugar, and clean water, enough to cover the fish body, bring to a boil over high heat, move to low heat and simmer for about 1 hour, then turn to high heat, add lard, hibiscus petals, and monosodium glutamate, adjust the seasoning and reduce the sauce, add a little vinegar, and plate it. The color is light yellow, and it tastes fragrant, with fresh fish and a clean, tender texture. It has the effect of strengthening the spleen and draining dampness. It is suitable for weakness of the spleen and stomach, red and white dysentery due to intestinal wind, bloody stool, edema, dampness syndromes, skin diseases, and other conditions.
4. Crispy fried hibiscus flowers
250 grams of hibiscus flowers, 250 grams of flour, 500 grams of vegetable oil, 50 grams of leavened dough, and appropriate amounts of refined salt, monosodium glutamate, alkaline water, and scallions.
Pick and wash the hibiscus flowers clean and drain them; wash the scallions clean and cut them into shreds. First soak the 50 grams of leavened dough in a small amount of warm water until dissolved, add 250 grams of flour and water and stir into a batter, let it sit and ferment for about 3 hours. Before use, add a small amount of peanut oil and alkaline water and mix well, then add the hibiscus flowers, shredded scallions, refined salt, and monosodium glutamate and mix well. Place a pan over high heat, add the vegetable oil and heat until 70% hot, then take the batter-coated hibiscus flowers and put them in to fry until crisp, and it is ready. It is light and crisp and delicious to eat. It is used to treat nausea, bloody stool, and other conditions.
5. Hibiscus flower congee
10 hibiscus flowers, 100 grams of japonica rice, and an appropriate amount of white sugar.
Pick the hibiscus flowers clean, then rinse them with clean water. Rinse the japonica rice clean. Put clean water and the japonica rice into a pot, cook until the congee is formed, then add the hibiscus flowers and white sugar and bring to a gentle boil two or three more times, and it is ready. It is refreshing and delicious to eat, and has the effect of clearing heat, cooling the blood, and stopping dysentery. It is suitable for people with bloody stool and women with abnormal vaginal discharge.
6. Hibiscus ginger tea
10 hibiscus flowers, 12 grams of ginger, and 250 grams of brown sugar.
Remove the calyxes from the hibiscus flowers and wash them clean; wash the ginger clean and cut it into shreds with a knife. Add water to the hibiscus flowers and fresh ginger, decoct and extract the liquid, add the brown sugar and mix well, and it is ready. The drink has a flower fragrance and a delicious ginger-sugar taste. It has the effect of treating dysentery.
7. Hibiscus white honey tea
15 grams of hibiscus flowers, 30 grams of white honey.
Brew with boiling water, and when it is warm, drink it as a tea substitute. It has the effect of clearing heat, cooling the blood, and draining dampness. It is suitable for conditions such as excessive vaginal discharge.
8. Hibiscus rock sugar drink
30 grams of hibiscus flowers, and an appropriate amount of rock sugar.
Stew the hibiscus flowers with rock sugar and drink the liquid. It has the effect of treating dysentery, belching, and passing blood, and other conditions.
9. Hibiscus pork soup
Stew soup with pork; it supplements the center and boosts qi, and is suitable for conditions such as yin deficiency cough, physical weakness, and fatigue.
10. Hibiscus tea
Tender hibiscus leaves taste delicious and can also be drunk as a tea substitute.