Three-dimensional Cultivation Technique of Interplanting Black Wood Ear Mushroom with Shaggy Mane
Interplanting shaggy mane (Coprinus comatus) in pepper fields is a good method of imitating wild cultivation of shaggy mane. It can save the expense of building mushroom houses, does not occupy extra space, and can greatly increase the economic benefit per unit of land area. Generally, after peppers are planted, furrows are opened in the middle of the pepper rows, material is spread, and spawn is scattered. For management and harvesting of the mushrooms...
Using a semi-underground plastic greenhouse on 3 mu of land for two crops in one greenhouse, that is, hanging bag-cultivated black wood ear mushroom with corncobs as the main material from the greenhouse frame, and below it cultivating shaggy mane with corn stalks in sunny beds, can achieve relatively good benefits.1. Building the greenhouse and preparing materials. The greenhouse is semi-underground. Dig down 60 cm from the ground surface, build adobe walls on three sides, higher in the north and lower in the south. Dig beds inside the greenhouse, with a bed width of 80 cm and a depth of 35 cm. Sun-dry corncobs and crush them to the size of soybean grains. Sun-dry corn stalks, remove the roots, and crush them into 3-5 cm lengths.
2. Culture material formulas. (1) Black wood ear mushroom formula: corncobs 45%, broadleaf tree sawdust (or cottonseed hulls) 30%, wheat bran 15%, cornmeal 5%, phosphate fertilizer 1%, lime 2%, gypsum 2%, a little sugar, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.1%. Soak the corncobs in 2% lime water for more than 10 hours. Then mix with the other materials and put into 17 cm x 35 cm low-pressure polyethylene bags, sterilize at normal pressure for 8 hours, and inoculate under sterile conditions after cooling. After inoculation, place in a culture room for mycelial growth, keeping the room temperature at about 23°C. (2) Shaggy mane formula: crushed corn stalks 3.5 kg, wheat bran 5 kg, lime 2 kg, gypsum 0.5 kg, a little sugar, dried chicken manure 2.5 kg, phosphate fertilizer 0.5 kg, cake fertilizer 1.5 kg, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 50 g, urea 100 g, prochloraz 50 g. Soak the corn stalks in water with 3% lime and 0.1% prochloraz for 10 hours, drain the water, mix with wheat bran and dried chicken manure, and build a pile for fermentation. When the material temperature reaches 60°C, maintain it for 8 hours, then turn the pile, repeating the turning three times. Add the other auxiliary materials at the third turning. The fermented material surface is coffee-colored, without off-odor, with a water content of 65%. After the material temperature drops below 28°C, place it into the beds. The spawn is added to the material by a combination of layer spawning and hole spawning (spawn dosage is 7.5 kg per 50 kg of dry material), with a material thickness of 30 cm, patted firm. Cover the material surface with newspaper and agricultural film, and keep the greenhouse temperature at about 20°C for mycelial growth.
3. Management. (1) After the black wood ear mushroom bags are fully colonized, begin moving them into the greenhouse and hanging the bags, with 8 bags per rope. Wash the bags with Lysol water for disinfection. Cut 8 cross-shaped openings in each bag in a staggered arrangement for fruiting. (2) After the shaggy mane is fully colonized, insert a hole 3 cm deep every 30 cm and add nutrient solution. Spray the material surface with triacontanol and gibberellin to increase yield and speed up flushing. For black wood ear mushroom cultivation, 50 kg of dry material produces 5 kg of dried mushrooms, and for shaggy mane, every 50 kg of dry material produces about 60 kg of fresh mushrooms. Using corncobs and corn stalks to produce black wood ear mushroom and shaggy mane has a wide source of raw materials, simple method, and relatively low cost.