Detailed Explanation of Key Techniques for Casing Soil Cultivation of Oyster Mushrooms
In oyster mushroom production, using casing soil cultivation techniques, the mushrooms grown are plump, with short stems, thick caps, and bright color, and excellent taste and flavor. Yield can generally be increased by 30%-50%. It is a yield-increasing measure that requires no additional investment and is a technological innovation in oyster mushroom cultivation. 1. Theoretical basis In oyster mushroom cultivation...
In oyster mushroom production, using casing soil cultivation techniques, the mushrooms grown are plump, with short stems, thick caps, and bright color, and excellent taste and flavor. Yield can generally be increased by 30%-50%. It is a yield-increasing measure that requires no additional investment and is a technological innovation in oyster mushroom cultivation.
1. Theoretical basis
Water management in oyster mushroom cultivation is a key factor for achieving high yield and quality, including water regulation of the substrate, water regulation of the surrounding humidity, water regulation during the fruiting period, and water regulation during the growth period, etc. Casing soil cultivation, however, makes flexible water regulation easy and can better solve the problems of excessive dryness and excessive moisture.
2. Selection of casing soil materials
A slightly alkaline heavy loam soil with loose texture, many capillary pores, good aggregate structure, that is not sticky when wet and does not crumble when dry, with strong water-holding capacity and high organic matter content is preferable. Avoid excessive clods, sandy soil, and barren soil. Improved prepared soil can also be used. The preparation method is: take garden soil within 20 cm of the surface or surface soil from ditches and rivers, break it up, remove crop residues and debris, add 10% plant ash, 10% cottonseed hulls, 2% superphosphate, 0.2% urea, 3% lime powder, 1% table salt, mix well, then spray with 500x chlorothalonil and 1500x dichlorvos, seal with plastic film for 2 days before use.
3. Casing soil method
Generally, the flat-bed casing soil method is used. After the oyster mushroom bags are full and have gone through the post-ripening period, prepare beds at the cultivation site with a width of 1.2 m, with length depending on the site. The bed depth is 20 cm. Loosen and break up the bed bottom, sprinkle a small amount of lime powder, and spray dichlorvos and formaldehyde to disinfect and kill insects. After removing the bags, cut the mushroom substrate blocks in the middle. Place them upright in the bed with the inoculation surface facing up, with 5 cm spacing between blocks. Sprinkle the prepared casing soil to fill all gaps until the soil layer is 2 cm thick. Then flood irrigate so the casing soil layer absorbs enough water, and shortly after, fill in and level any exposed or sunken areas. Finally, cover with plastic film to cultivate the mycelium. Other management follows the same standard. In this way, primordia can appear in about 7 days. Note that during the fruiting period, the soil layer should be kept moist, and water should be adjusted for the fruiting bodies according to temperature, ventilation, and fruiting conditions. When adjusting water, use a spray. It is best not to spray water before harvesting mushrooms.