Straw Mushroom Cultivation Methods and Techniques Using Straw
How do you grow straw mushrooms with straw? What season is best for growing straw mushrooms? Does anyone have a method to share? Straw is a common by-product in rural areas. Zhongdi Network has compiled the method for growing straw mushrooms with straw, listed below for readers' reference. Key points to note when growing straw mushrooms with straw: suitable growing season for straw mushrooms...
How do you grow straw mushrooms with straw? What season is best for growing straw mushrooms? Does anyone have a method to share?Straw is a common by-product in rural areas. Zhongdi Network has compiled the method for growing straw mushrooms with straw, listed below for readers' reference.
Key points to note when growing straw mushrooms with straw:
Suitable growing season for straw mushrooms:
The suitable temperature range for straw mushroom mycelium growth is 15-35°C, with the optimum temperature being 30-35°C; the fruiting body growth temperature is 26-34°C, with the optimum temperature being 28-30°C. From stacking the material to the end of fruiting takes about 1 month or more. The straw mushroom is the type with the highest temperature requirement and the shortest growth cycle among cultivated edible mushrooms. According to the temperature requirements of straw mushrooms, an appropriate cultivation period can be chosen in each region. (Summer is recommended.)
Selection of raw materials and site for growing straw mushrooms:
Cottonseed hulls, waste cotton, wheat straw, rice straw, corncobs, corn stalks, peanut shells, and spent oyster mushroom substrate can all be used. Choose dry, fresh straw free of mould. Site selection and treatment: Vegetable sheds, mushroom sheds, indoor spaces, outdoor spaces, under trees, sunken beds, open fields, orchards and other locations can all be used for production. Greenhouses should have covers added and be disinfected with lime powder sprinkled before use; old mushroom sheds should be fumigated to kill insects and sterilise.
Treatment of cultivation raw materials for straw mushrooms:
Near the mushroom shed, dig an earth pit about 6 m long, 2.5 m wide and 0.8 m deep (the pit size can be flexibly adjusted according to the amount of raw material used). Pile the excavated soil around the pit to increase the pit depth to 1.5 m. Line the pit with 1 layer of thick plastic film, then add 1 layer of straw, and continue in this way until full, with the topmost layer being lime powder, the total amount of lime being about 8% of the total straw. Press weight on top of the straw to prevent it from floating up. Finally, pour water into the pit until the straw is submerged. At the same time, put wheat bran equal to 8%-10% of the total wheat straw weight into a bag to soak for 24-36 hours.
Straw mushroom cultivation method:
Take out the soaked straw, drain for half an hour, then move it into the shed. Build beds running north-south, with a bed width of 0.9-1.0 m. First spread 1 layer of straw about 20 cm thick, then sprinkle 1 layer of treated wheat bran. Level it, press it down slightly, then sow the 1st layer of spawn.
For straw mushroom sowing, at a sowing rate of 0.75 kg per square meter, take out 1/3 of the spawn, break it into pieces about the size of a thumb tip, then, at a spacing of about 10 cm between holes and between rows, sow 2 rows of spawn separately along each side of the bed. Do not sow in the middle part, because the material temperature there will be too high and will burn the spawn.
After that, spread another 1 layer of straw and wheat bran about 15 cm thick, and sow all of the remaining 3/2 of the spawn over the entire bed surface. Finally, thinly sprinkle 1 layer of straw over the bed surface to protect the spawn. Press down appropriately with a wooden board, then shape the ridge into an arc to facilitate earthing up. The total thickness of the material is 30-35 cm, and the walkway between beds is 30 cm wide.
Earthing up and film covering after sowing straw mushrooms:
After pressing the bed into an arc shape, cover the material surface with 1 layer of sticky soil 2-4 cm thick. Some decomposed fermented manure can be mixed into the walkway. After earthing up is completed, cover the bed surface with 1 layer of agricultural film to keep warm and retain moisture. Waste old film should be disinfected with lime water or potassium permanganate before use.
After covering with film, insert 1 thermometer into the material, observe the temperature every day, and keep it within the suitable range. The material temperature should not exceed 40°C; if it does, immediately remove the film for ventilation and poke holes in the bed with a wooden stick to release heat. After 3 days of supporting arches and covering with film for spawn running, lift the film several times a day for ventilation, each time lasting 10-30 minutes. By the 7th-8th day, the spawn can cover the bed surface. At this point, support arches over the bed and cover the arches with film. Open half of both ends of the arched shed for ventilation, and do not cover the two sides too tightly. If temperature and humidity are suitable, the arched shed may also be omitted.
Management after straw mushrooms emerge:
About 10 days after sowing, mushrooms begin to emerge. At this point, pay attention to lifting the film for ventilation. When many mushrooms have emerged, irrigate the walkway to retain moisture and lower the temperature. If temperature and humidity are suitable, remove the film for ventilation to prevent high temperatures from killing the mushroom buds.
If the bed is too dry, dig 1 small pit beside the shed, line it with film, add cool water, and after it warms up, spray it on the bed surface. Harvesting: harvest 2 days after bud formation, harvest for 4-5 days per flush, 2-3 times a day. After 3-5 days, the second flush of mushrooms appears again; generally 3-4 flushes can be harvested, and the entire harvesting period is 20-25 days.
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