What to Do When Mushroom Cultivation Is Contaminated by Weed Molds? A Detailed Guide to Prevention and Control Methods
What to do when mushroom cultivation is contaminated by weed molds? What methods can be used for prevention and control? I hope experienced netizens can help explain. Generally, mushroom cultivation is often contaminated by weed molds, which leads to reduced mushroom yields and, in severe cases, total crop failure. The weed molds are generally Trichoderma viride, Aspergillus, and the like, and are among the most common weed molds in spawn production and cooked-substrate production.
What to do when mushroom cultivation is contaminated by weed molds? What methods can be used for prevention and control? I hope experienced netizens can help explain.Generally, mushroom cultivation is often contaminated by weed molds, which leads to reduced mushroom yields and, in severe cases, total crop failure. The weed molds are generally Trichoderma viride, Aspergillus, and the like, and are among the most common weed molds in spawn production and cooked-substrate production. Weed molds can survive long-term in soil and organic materials or in cracks in the walls of sheds, and spread through air, casing soil materials, tools, and so on.
Zhongdi Network has compiled methods for preventing and controlling weed molds during mushroom cultivation, listed in detail below for netizens' reference.
Method 1: Carry out prevention in advance:Bai Bing Qu Wu Zong can be used to thoroughly disinfect and kill the mushroom shed; during the spawn-running and fruiting periods, spray a fungicide about once every 5 days, and in production, Bai Bing Qu Wu Zong and Mushroom Bing Sha Ling can be used alternately.
Method 2:For mushroom sheds that have already been contaminated, open all ventilation openings and entrances and exits to strengthen ventilation; at the same time, spray Bai Bing Qu Wu Zong, and then deal with the contaminated spawn bags.
Method 3: Spot-type contamination by weed molds:Adopt the measure of injecting a 100-fold Xiao Mei Wang solution to kill them. If the weed mold spores germinate from within the substrate, increase the concentration to about 50-fold, and insert the needle deeply so that the liquid seeps out from the inside to the outside; the killing effect can reach 100 percent. Note that the needle insertion point should be slightly above the contamination spot, inserted at an angle, and after injection, the contamination spot should be close to the ground.
Method 4: Contiguous contamination by weed molds:When it is difficult to inject the drug, cut a cross-shaped opening in the plastic film at the contaminated area, lift the plastic film, and brush on the liquid. This is only suitable for weed molds germinating on the surface of the substrate, and it must be discovered early. Otherwise, the powder can be directly sprinkled on, and then the plastic film put back in place; the killing effect is good.
Method 5: When weed mold contamination of spawn bags is about 50 percent:Handle it flexibly according to the situation. If the edible mushroom mycelium has already run to more than half, that is, the substrate has already been connected by mycelium, the plastic bag can be removed, and the spawn column soaked and washed with a 150-fold Xiao Mei Wang solution, then covered with plastic film for spawn-running culture; if the contamination is relatively severe and the amount of edible mushroom mycelium is small, cut 3 to 5 longitudinal openings in the spawn bag, loosen the plastic film, and soak and wash, for a slightly longer time, then let it stand for spawn running.
Method 6:If weed mold contamination occurs over a large area, the contamination time exceeds 15 days, and contaminated spawn bags account for about 70 percent, then this batch of spawn bags is almost not worth keeping. After clearing all the spawn bags out of the shed, there are two ways to handle them:
1. Set up a shade shed, carry out normal disinfection and killing treatment, then treat the uncontaminated or lightly contaminated spawn bags with drugs as described above, place them under the shade shed for spawn-running culture, and directly compost those that have lost cultivation value;
2. Empty out the material from the contaminated bags, and while the weather is fine, add lime powder at 2 percent of the dry material weight, mix well, and sun-dry it, to be used as raw material for cooked-substrate cultivation or fermented-substrate cultivation.
3. After clearing the shed, thoroughly clean up the hygiene, spray Bai Bing Qu Wu Zong 2 times in succession with a 2-day interval, remove coverings such as straw mats, close all ventilation holes and entrances and exits, and carry out sealed-shed treatment. After about 3 days of high-temperature sealed-shed treatment, a relatively ideal weed mold killing effect can be achieved; then new bags can be brought in for cultivation.
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