What is the best time to spray rice to kill insects and treat diseases?
When is the best time to spray rice to kill insects and treat diseases for good results? How should rice pests be controlled? We also ask experienced netizens to help introduce this. Pest and disease control in rice is the primary prerequisite for a bumper grain harvest, so Zhongdiwang has compiled the best control methods for rice pests and diseases, listed in detail below for netizens' reference. 1...
When is the best time to spray rice to kill insects and treat diseases for good results? How should rice pests be controlled? We also ask experienced netizens to help introduce thisPest and disease control in rice is the primary prerequisite for a bumper grain harvest, so Zhongdiwang has compiled the best control methods for rice pests and diseases, listed in detail below for netizens' reference.
1. Rice planthoppers:
1. Preventive methods: Farmers should increase the application of organic fertilizer, implement soil-testing formula fertilization, practice frequent irrigation with shallow water, and carry out timely and moderate field drying. For single-season rice, do not use or use only a small amount of chemical pesticides before early July, to create favorable conditions for the reproduction of natural enemies in the paddy field.
2. Chemical control methods: When during the tillering stage there are 1000 young nymphs per 100 hills (brown planthopper accounting for more than 60%) to 1500 (white-backed planthopper accounting for more than 60%), and from the booting stage (large belly stage) to the full heading stage there are 1500 young nymphs per 100 hills (brown planthopper accounting for more than 60%) to 2000 (white-backed planthopper accounting for more than 60%); after the full heading stage, when there are 2000 young nymphs per 100 hills, farmers can choose pymetrozine, buprofezin, ethiprole, chlorpyrifos, dichlorvos, etc. for control. For fields with complex insect stages, it is advisable to choose two appropriate pesticides for mixed use. When applying, use sufficient dosage, mix with sufficient water (60 kg per mu), spray the right parts (middle and lower parts of the rice plant), and maintain a water layer (about 3 cm water layer for 5 days). For fields without water, increase the amount of water used or use dichlorvos fumigation.
2. Rice leaf roller (Cnaphalocrocis medinalis):
1. Preventive methods: Farmers should promote early development in the early growth stage of rice, carry out timely and moderate field drying in the middle stage, and control nitrogen fertilizer use in the later stage.
2. Chemical control methods: In years of major outbreak, the appropriate control period is the peak of egg hatching, with a supplementary treatment 7 days later; in years of moderate outbreak, the appropriate control period is the peak of young larvae.
For control of the fourth (2nd) generation rice leaf roller, pesticides such as Bt and abamectin can be used (when using the biological pesticide Bt, the appropriate control period should be at the peak of egg hatching); for control of the fifth (3rd) and sixth (4th) generations, abamectin, profenofos, chlorantraniliprole, emamectin benzoate and chlorpyrifos, etc. can be used.
3. Rice stem borers:
1. Preventive methods: In winter fallow fields, promptly plow and irrigate with deep water and maintain this for more than a week, appropriately delay the rice sowing period, and avoid and reduce damage from the main damaging generation. Use pesticides rationally, and carry out demonstration applications of sex pheromones and insect-killing lamps to reduce the amount of chemical pesticides used.
2. Chemical control methods: For the first generation of the Asiatic rice borer (Chilo suppressalis), with early rice fields and single-season rice seedling fields as the key protection targets, choose Bt and its compound formulations at the peak of egg hatching, or choose monosultap at the peak of the 1st and 2nd instar larvae for control; the second generation mainly controls single-season rice fields, with the appropriate control period at the peak of egg hatching, and in severely affected areas a supplementary treatment 7 to 10 days later, with pesticides such as emamectin benzoate, chlorpyrifos, fipronil, and abamectin compound formulations; for the first generation of the yellow stem borer (Scirpophaga incertulas), control it together with the Asiatic rice borer, and for the second generation treat dead hearts selectively.
When the density of egg masses per mu reaches more than 120 in a field, apply pesticides for control at the peak of egg hatching, with pesticides such as abamectin compound formulations and monosultap; the third generation mainly controls white heads, applying pesticides at the breaking stage of single-season rice (when 5-10% of rice plants have broken and exposed the panicle), with pesticides such as triazophos combined with monosultap or abamectin compound formulations. Farmers should pay special attention that during the control process, different types of pesticides should be used alternately and rotated to delay the development of pesticide resistance. When applying, the field should maintain a shallow water layer as much as possible.
4. Rice blast:
1. Preventive methods: Rice varieties should be replaced promptly after being planted for 4-5 consecutive years. Before sowing rice, farmers can soak seeds with 25% prochloraz or 5.5% dithiocyanomethane 2500-3000 times solution. Farmers should pay attention to the rational combined application of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, and advocate spraying foliar fertilizer. Irrigate frequently with shallow water and carry out timely and moderate field drying.
2. Chemical control methods: When controlling seedling blast and leaf blast, once central diseased plants are found, treat them selectively, or when the diseased leaf rate reaches 3-5%, apply pesticides for control 1-2 times. To control ear blast, for susceptible varieties in old disease areas, strictly apply pesticide prevention 3-5 days before the breaking stage, and supplement treatment once a week later. Pesticides can include 40% isoprothiolane, 75% tricyclazole, Bacillus subtilis, kasugamycin, etc.
5. Rice stripe virus disease:
1. Preventive methods: Based on the performance characteristic that japonica and glutinous rice suffer more severely than indica rice, the Provincial Plant Protection Station recommends that in rice areas where the disease occurs relatively severely, reduce japonica and glutinous rice, expand the planting of indica rice, or promote the planting of rice varieties with relatively good disease resistance such as Yandao 8, Xudao 3, Yangeng 9, Wandao 119, Fengliangyou 1, and Fengliangyou 4. In severe disease areas, it is advocated to use insect-proof nets or non-woven fabric for seedling raising, appropriately delay the sowing period of single-season rice, and advocate direct seeding, so as to avoid the peak of adult small brown planthopper migration and virus transmission of the first generation.
2. Chemical control methods: In severe disease areas, during the wheat maturity and harvest period, treat small brown planthoppers throughout the seedling fields, with pesticides such as pymetrozine or chlorpyrifos, fenobucarb, etc., and supplement treatment promptly depending on the insect situation. In areas where the disease frequently occurs, control during the second and third generations of small brown planthoppers from egg hatching to the peak of young nymphs, with pesticides such as pymetrozine or chlorpyrifos, fenobucarb, etc.
6. Rice false smut:
1. Preventive methods: Farmers can choose disease-resistant varieties such as the Xieyou series, D You 527, and Xiushui 664.
2. Chemical control methods: Apply pesticide for the first time 10 days before the breaking stage of rice, and supplement treatment once more at the breaking stage. Pesticides can include tebuconazole, Jing?laya, Jing?diniconazole, etc.
7. Rice sheath blight:
1. Preventive methods: When irrigating and harrowing the field, farmers should scoop up the "wave debris" blown to the edge of the field, and take it out of the field for centralized treatment, to reduce the initial inoculum source of rice sheath blight. Implement rational combined application of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, and carry out timely and moderate field drying.
2. Chemical control methods: In fields where the diseased hill rate reaches 20% at the booting stage of early rice and 40% at the heading stage, and in fields where the diseased hill rate reaches 20% from tillering to jointing stage of middle and late rice, promptly spray pesticides for control. Pesticides can include 24% thifluzamide suspension concentrate (Mansui), 20% validamycin wettable powder, 5% validamycin aqueous solution, 12.5% Jing?laya aqueous solution, etc. The pesticide solution should be evenly sprayed on the middle and lower parts of the rice plant. For severely diseased fields, supplement treatment once more 7-10 days after the first application.
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