What are the main macadamia varieties cultivated in China
The earliest productive planting of macadamia in China was carried out by Guangxi State Farms. From the late 1980s to the mid-1990s, Huashan Farm and Jinguang Farm in Guangxi successively developed macadamia planting, followed by Yunnan and Sichuan. Due to the lack of sufficient
The earliest productive planting of macadamia in China was carried out by Guangxi State Farms. From the late 1980s to the mid-1990s, Huashan Farm and Jinguang Farm in Guangxi successively developed macadamia planting, followed by Yunnan and Sichuan. Due to the lack of sufficient information in China, most of the macadamia planted in the early period in China were varieties that performed well in Hawaii and Australia, such as 344#, 660#, 741#, 800#, 788#, etc. At the same time, due to insufficient understanding of varieties and lack of seed sources, varieties that had already been eliminated abroad, such as 246#, H2 and 333#, were also used.
In the 1990s, Guangxi, Guangdong, Yunnan and other provinces (autonomous regions) in China stepped up the introduction of macadamia varieties. The Guangxi Institute of SubtropicalCrops introduced 57 varieties, obtaining the main cultivated varieties from major producing areas in the world such as Hawaii and Australia, as well as a considerable number of newly bred excellent varieties. However, the suitable regions for macadamia varieties are relatively narrow, and many varieties that showed high yield and high quality abroad perform poorly in China. According to research by Chen Xianguo (2000), 344#, 660#, 741# and 800#, which are widely promoted and planted in Hawaii and Australia, have very low yields when planted in Guangxi, and the performance of these varieties in Yunnan and Sichuan is likewise unsatisfactory. Based on current research and trial planting, 4 varieties, 695#, 788#, 900# and Own choice, perform relatively well and are suitable for development and planting in mainland China.
(1) 695#. Rough-shell type, with a compact and upright canopy, weak apical dominance, and relatively weak tree vigor. The trunk and lateral branches are clearly layered. It bears early and heavily, flowering and fruiting 1~2 years earlier than other varieties.
(2) 788#. The plant has very strong apical dominance, and the canopy is narrow, long and upright. The first-grade kernel rate is about 41%, and the flowering period is 5~10 days earlier than other varieties.
(3) 900#. Rough-shell type. The plant does not have strong apical dominance, the branches tend to bend and droop, and the canopy is spreading. The fruit andseed are both larger than those of other varieties, with an average single seed weight of 12.7 grams and a maximum single seed weight of 19.5 grams.
(4) Own choice. This is an Australian variety. The branches are slender and numerous, the canopy shade density is high, and the fruit adheres strongly to the tree, while theseed is uniform.
In the 1990s, Guangxi, Guangdong, Yunnan and other provinces (autonomous regions) in China stepped up the introduction of macadamia varieties. The Guangxi Institute of SubtropicalCrops introduced 57 varieties, obtaining the main cultivated varieties from major producing areas in the world such as Hawaii and Australia, as well as a considerable number of newly bred excellent varieties. However, the suitable regions for macadamia varieties are relatively narrow, and many varieties that showed high yield and high quality abroad perform poorly in China. According to research by Chen Xianguo (2000), 344#, 660#, 741# and 800#, which are widely promoted and planted in Hawaii and Australia, have very low yields when planted in Guangxi, and the performance of these varieties in Yunnan and Sichuan is likewise unsatisfactory. Based on current research and trial planting, 4 varieties, 695#, 788#, 900# and Own choice, perform relatively well and are suitable for development and planting in mainland China.
(1) 695#. Rough-shell type, with a compact and upright canopy, weak apical dominance, and relatively weak tree vigor. The trunk and lateral branches are clearly layered. It bears early and heavily, flowering and fruiting 1~2 years earlier than other varieties.
(2) 788#. The plant has very strong apical dominance, and the canopy is narrow, long and upright. The first-grade kernel rate is about 41%, and the flowering period is 5~10 days earlier than other varieties.
(3) 900#. Rough-shell type. The plant does not have strong apical dominance, the branches tend to bend and droop, and the canopy is spreading. The fruit andseed are both larger than those of other varieties, with an average single seed weight of 12.7 grams and a maximum single seed weight of 19.5 grams.
(4) Own choice. This is an Australian variety. The branches are slender and numerous, the canopy shade density is high, and the fruit adheres strongly to the tree, while theseed is uniform.