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Why do continuous and alternating soybean cropping reduce yields? Cause analysis and countermeasures
With China's accession to the WTO and the opening-up policies of the grain market, the problem of continuous and alternating soybean cropping has become increasingly serious, and the yield reduction increases as the number of consecutive cropping years rises. According to surveys and research, alternating cropping reduces yield by 6.1%, one year of continuous cropping by 9.9%, two years of continuous cropping by 13.8%, and three years of continuous cropping by 19.0%. Moreover, in continuous and alternating cropping soybeans, the 100-seed weight decreases, the rate of diseased seeds and insect-damaged seeds increases, and commercial quality drops significantly. With long-term continuous cropping of more than 3 years, the protein content of soybeans increases markedly while the fat content decreases markedly. According to research by scientific research departments
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Reasons for Yield Reduction in Continuous and Alternate Soybean Cropping and Yield-Preserving Techniques
I. Reasons for Yield Reduction in Continuous and Alternate Soybean Cropping Continuous and alternate soybean cropping causes plants to grow slowly and become short, with yellowing leaves, fewer pods, and fewer seeds, ultimately leading to a significant reduction in yield. In the short term, continuous and alternate cropping intensifies the damage from cyst nematodes, root maggots, root rot, pod borers, gray leaf spot, and malignant weeds, causes unbalanced depletion of soil nutrients, leads to deficiencies in soil nutrient elements, increases pathogenic fungi and decreases beneficial bacteria in the soil, and produces certain toxins, resulting in a severe decline in soybean yield and quality. In the long term, after long-term accumulation and reproduction, diseases, insects
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Supporting Technologies of Improved Soybean Varieties and Methods for High-Yield Cultivation
1. Timely sowing: Select varieties with high yield-increase potential adapted to the local area, and sow at the right time. Apply herbicide before sowing soybeans, and apply herbicide again after sowing depending on the weed situation. Sowing time: spring soybeans from late April to early May, sowing depth 5 cm; soil moisture conditions must be given great attention at sowing. The conditions for soybean seed germination mainly include moisture, temperature and oxygen. ① Moisture: seed germination begins with water absorption, so water is an important factor for germination. When seeds germinate, the water absorbed equals 1.21
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Jincang No. 1, a new high-yield four-season honeysuckle variety
1. Long flowering period. Planted in the same year, it blooms in the same year, with the flowering period lasting from April to the end of October. The first flush of flowers appears around April 20, after which a new flush of flowers opens every 28-34 days, continuing until after October 20. 2. High yield. The main stem is distinct, strongly upright, and easy to prune, and the flower buds are larger and fuller than those of ordinary varieties. In the year of planting, 50 kg of dried flowers can be harvested per mu; in the 2nd year, more than 100 kg of dried flowers can be produced per mu; in the 3rd year, more than 180 kg can be harvested; and in the 4th year, more than 260 kg can be harvested.
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Key Techniques for High-Yield Cultivation of Honeysuckle (Lonicera japonica) in Saline-Alkali Soil
The Yellow River Delta is located in a warm temperate semi-humid region with a continental monsoon climate, and the climatic conditions are suitable for the growth of honeysuckle. In recent years, the honeysuckle planting area has gradually expanded, but due to the high degree of soil salinization and insufficient cultivation experience, honeysuckle production has been characterized by small scale, low yield, delayed returns, and severe pests and diseases. Through research on large-scale high-yield cultivation techniques for honeysuckle in saline-alkali soil, the results show that the goals of raising seedlings in the same year, transplanting in the same year, and harvesting flowers the following year can be fully achieved. After 3 years, the yield per mu (667 sq
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Detailed Explanation of High-Yield and High-Quality Cultivation Techniques for Kernel Apricots
In recent years, apricot kernels have been selling very well on domestic and international markets. Apricot kernels contain various nutrients and are a highly nutritious health food; they can also be used as medicine, having functions such as clearing heat and detoxifying, and preventing cancer. Therefore, the cultivation area has been continuously increasing, with broad prospects. Because kernel apricots bloom relatively early and are prone to damage from late frost, combined with extensive management, they cannot achieve their proper yield level and economic benefits. To increase apricot kernel yield and quality and boost benefits, the key points of high-yield and high-quality cultivation techniques for kernel apricots are introduced as follows: 1. Variety selection: kernel apricots
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Mushroom High Yield: Top Dressing Is Key, Four Methods for Preparing Top Dressing Solutions
For mushrooms to achieve high yields, proper top dressing is key. Here are several methods for preparing mushroom top dressing solutions: 1. Mushroom root soup. Collect and wash the mushroom feet and broken mushrooms cut off during harvesting and processing, cut them into thin slices, add 1-1.5 kg of water per kg of material, boil for 15 minutes, take the filtered liquid and dilute with water to 10-15 kg, which can be sprayed on 30-40 sq m of mushroom beds. Using it during the peak fruiting period can make the mushroom fruiting bodies thick and plump and extend the peak fruiting period. 2. Cattle urine. Take fresh cattle urine, boil until the foam disappears, add clean water to dilute 7-8 times,
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How to Grow Brown Mushrooms for High Yield? Key Cultivation Techniques Explained
1. Cultivation season. Based on the biological characteristics of brown mushrooms, which fruit at temperatures ranging from 16°C to 32°C and begin fruiting 40 to 45 days after spawning, spring cultivation generally involves spawning in March to April with fruiting from May to July; summer cultivation involves spawning in June to July with fruiting from August to October. Each region should select the optimal cultivation season based on local climatic conditions. 2. Cultivation site. For field bed cultivation of brown mushrooms, a light-blocking, rain-proof shade structure must be built. The shed height is 2 to 2.2 m, with grass curtains or shade nets covering the roof and surrounding sides. Inside the shed, the beds are shaped into a turtle-back form, with a designed bed width of 60 to 8
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Efficient and High-Yield Techniques for Outdoor Mushroom Cultivation
Cultivating mushrooms outdoors in open ground saves on shelving materials, does not occupy buildings, has low costs, good returns, and is convenient to manage. It is a relatively good planting industry that rural areas should vigorously develop. The cultivation operation techniques are briefly introduced as follows: 1. Material preparation: Generally, the effective area for mushroom cultivation per mu of land is 400 sq m. In advance, prepare 28,000-30,000 kg of fresh, dry, mold-free, pest-free rice and wheat straw, 800-1,000 kg of dry fine cow manure, 8,000-10,000 kg of human and livestock liquid manure, 5 kg of urea
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What are the high-yield cultivation measures for potatoes?
1. Select good varieties. At present, the main varieties cultivated in Yunnan Province are high-yielding varieties such as virus-free Mira, Marko, Kexin No. 1, Zihuabai and Atlantic. For early-maturing spring cultivation, early-maturing varieties such as Favorita, Kexin No. 4, Zaodabai and Mengshu No. 9 can be selected. 2. Reasonable crop rotation, deep ploughing and fertilization. Potatoes should not be continuously cropped with Solanaceae crops. It is best to carry out a 3-5 year rotation with non-Solanaceae crops. Potatoes are a deep-ploughed crop and require deep, loose loam or sandy loam soil, with deep ploughing of 22-25 cm.
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