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Do you recognize the several pests that harm mushroom sheds?
1. Mushroom flies: The larvae, also called mushroom maggots, mainly feed on the fruiting bodies, creating tunnels that affect quality, and the wounds they cause are also very easily infected by pathogens, leading to rot. Different methods should be used to control mushroom flies at different stages. If a large number of mushroom maggots appear before mushroom formation, dichlorvos can be used for fumigation at a rate of 0.90 kg/100 sq m, and at the same time spray 0.15 kg of 1% potassium chloride or sodium chloride solution on each culture block (5% salt water can be used as a substitute); if mushroom maggots cause damage after mushroom formation, low-toxicity pesticides such as rotenone extract, chlorpyrifos, and nicotine can be sprayed.
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The Harm and Control Methods of Neurospora in Shiitake Mushrooms
In the early growth stage, Neurospora appears fuzzy, white or gray, and in the later growth stage it turns pink or yellow. When large numbers of conidia pile up into clumps, its appearance resembles the fruiting body of Hericium erinaceus (lion's mane mushroom). Neurospora spreads and causes damage mainly through conidia, and it is the most important contaminant fungus that occurs during hot seasons. The hyphae of Neurospora are tough and vigorous, with the characteristic of rapid reproduction. Once it breaks out massively, it is catastrophic, and the consequence is that spawn, culture bags or culture blocks are discarded in batches. To control Neurospora, the first step is to avoid production during hot seasons as much as possible. During the spawn-running stage of shiitake mushrooms, the temperature
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The Harm and Control Methods of Common Contaminant Fungi in Edible Mushroom Cultivation
I. Neurospora. Also known as Monilia. Its asexual stage belongs to the order Moniliales, family Sphaeriaceae; its sexual stage is an ascomycete. The species harmful to mushrooms are Neurospora crassa and Neurospora sitophila. The hyphae are white, loose, branched and septate. The conidiophores branch in a dichotomous manner. The conidia are produced in chains, spherical to oval, orange-red or pink. The perithecia are clustered or scattered, nearly spherical or oval. The asci are cylindrical, each containing 8 ascospores. Neurospora is widely distributed and can be spread through air, soil, decaying plants, grains, and so on. It occurs severely when the substrate is too wet and
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What are the harmful symptoms of mushroom wet bubble disease?
Long-term research has found that this pathogen infects only the fruiting bodies and not the mycelium. It takes about 11 days from the start of infection for a mushroom to show initial symptoms, and growing mycelium can accelerate the germination of Mycogone perniciosa spores. When the first flush of mushrooms is affected, the source of infection is usually the casing soil and old mushroom shelves; when later flushes are affected, it is caused by re-spread through water, tools and human operations: infection during the pinhead formation stage is shown by: before normal mushrooms appear, diseased mushrooms grow in large numbers, and diseased mushrooms generally fruit 3-4 days earlier than normal mushrooms; if infection occurs during the young pinhead growth stage, although the diseased mushrooms continue to grow, the caps develop abnormally or stop developing, the stems swell, become deformed and deteriorate, and appear twisted and misshapen. In the later stage the diseased mushrooms are hollow inside, and white cottony mycelium grows at the junction of the cap and stem and at the base of the stem, later turning dark brown and exuding brown liquid as it rots, giving off a foul odor.
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