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Applying winter manure to wheat requires attention to timing and method
During the overwintering period of wheat, adding winter manure can not only supplement the deficiencies of base fertilizer and seedling fertilizer, but also maintain and stabilize the soil temperature around the wheat roots. Through the slow decomposition of fertilizer in winter and absorption by the roots, it lays the foundation for vigorous growth in spring. Winter manure should mainly consist of organic matter-rich, warm-natured
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Occurrence of Spring Frost Damage in Wheat and Remedial Measures
Every year in February and March of spring, cold air frequently breaks out and moves southward in the north, with a large temperature drop during the process, and wheat that has jointed too early often suffers frost damage. At this time, for seedlings growing too vigorously, the method of pressing should be adopted to inhibit growth; for weak seedlings, reasonable topdressing should be applied to promote weak ones into strong ones
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What are the methods for applying fertilizer based on seedling condition during the wheat green-up stage?
Spring has come, the earth's warmth rises, wheat awakens from its winter dormancy, and the green in the wheat fields increases. At this time, many farmer friends ask: Does my wheat need fertilizer? What kind of fertilizer is good? How much fertilizer is appropriate? And my answer is: apply fertilizer based on seedling condition. From
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How to control take-all disease after wheat turns green?
Wheat take-all disease, also known as black foot disease, is a typical root disease. It can occur throughout the entire growth period of wheat, and the pathogen only infects the roots and the basal 1-2 nodes of the stem. The severity of the disease is affected by many factors. Continuous cropping and repeated cropping make the disease severe; when wheat and summer corn are grown twice a year and continuously for many years, the disease occurs severely; low soil fertility and an imbalanced ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, especially in phosphorus-deficient plots, make the disease severe; rainy springs and high soil moisture are conducive to the disease.
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Timely Follow-up on Mid-to-Late Stage Wheat Management, Do a Good Job in Field Management to Ensure a Bumper Harvest
According to the agricultural situation dispatch of the Ministry of Agriculture at the end of March, the proportion of first- and second-class seedlings of winter wheat nationwide reached 86%, an increase of 2.3 percentage points over before winter, 3.1 percentage points over the same period last year, and 2 percentage points over the average of the same period in the past five years. This year, the national wheat area increased slightly while remaining stable,
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How to prevent and control wheat rosette dwarf disease? Growers should take preventive measures in advance
Symptoms and characteristics of rosette dwarf disease: infected plants have yellow-green alternating stripes on the upper leaves, increased tillering, stunted and dwarfed plants in a rosette-dwarf form, and generally cannot joint or head. Plants infected in early spring show symptoms successively during the green-up stage and jointing stage, with stripes on the heart leaf and a relatively darker green leaf color
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How do you use a wheat seeder? Remember these 10 key points
Machine sowing of wheat has the characteristics of uniform sowing, consistent depth, stable row spacing, good soil coverage, seed saving, and high work efficiency. To use a seeder correctly, you should grasp the following 10 key points: Maintenance before entering the field for work. Clean out debris in the seed box and
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How to prevent excessive wheat growth? These cultivation measures are very practical
1. Compaction and deep tillage, controlling excessive growth and promoting sturdy growth. For excessively growing wheat fields, tools such as small stone rollers, wooden rollers, and cement cylinders can be selected according to local conditions for manual or animal-drawn compaction. Compaction should be carried out on sunny days when the dew has dried and the surface soil is dry. For fields with overly vigorous growth, compact multiple times in the same direction at an interval of 70 days
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Want high yields from late-sown wheat? Master these planting techniques
Compensating for late sowing with fertilizer. Compared with wheat sown at the proper time, late-sown wheat consumes relatively less fertilizer, but because the previous crop of late-sown wheat generally uses up a lot of nutrients and the available nutrients in the soil are reduced, and because late sowing means small, weak seedlings in the early stage that are not suited to water and fertilizer management, it is especially important to apply sufficient basal fertilizer and seed fertilizer and to increase the application of quick-acting nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers to promote early seedling growth. Generally, apply more than 3 cubic meters of farmyard manure per mu, 30 kg of ammonium bicarbonate, 30 kg of superphosphate, and 5 kg of urea or diammonium phosphate as seed fertilizer. Organic fertilizer and ammonium bicarbonate should be applied as basal fertilizer by plowing, phosphate fertilizer should be broadcast, and seed fertilizer urea or diammonium phosphate can be mixed with the seed and sown together, but it must be uniform and must not be excessive, so as to avoid burning the roots and rotting the sprouts and reducing the germination rate; it is best to apply the seed fertilizer first and then sow the seed. It should be particularly noted that seed that has been soaked and pre-germinated should not be mixed and sown with seed fertilizer.</p><p></p><p>In addition, appropriately shallow sowing can also reduce the consumption of seed nutrients and ensure early emergence, early tillering, and more roots; the sowing depth should preferably be 3-4 cm, but the seedbed should be firm and the soil moisture sufficient.</p><p>Seizing the time to make up for the lateness</p><p>How to seek “early” within “late” is the key to increasing the yield of late-sown wheat. In production, on the premise of not affecting or barely affecting the yield and variety of the previous crop, the stubble should be cleared early, the land prepared early, and sowing done early as much as possible, using no-till and simple land preparation methods. Land that has been deep-plowed for years in succession need not be deep-plowed again, and low-lying land with excessive moisture can be managed with no-till.</p><p>In order to promote early germination and early emergence of late-sown wheat, seed soaking and pre-germination can be carried out. The method is: place the seed in warm water at about 50°C, soak for 5-10 minutes, remove and pile it up, cover with a wet gunny sack or straw sack, turn it over once after half a day, keep the temperature at about 25°C, sprinkle cool water when it is hot and warm water when it is cool, and after one day and one night the wheat seed will split open and show white. If sowing cannot be finished that day, it must be spread out to dry to avoid the sprout roots of the wheat seed elongating.</p><p>Compensating for late sowing with density</p><p>Late-sown wheat has insufficient accumulated temperature before winter, fewer tillers per plant, and fewer tillers that form ears; therefore, the sowing rate should be appropriately increased, relying on the main stems to form ears to obtain a relatively high yield. The sowing rate per mu should preferably be 200,000-250,000 basic seedlings, and the maximum sowing rate should not exceed 300,000 basic seedlings.</p><p>Because wheat is sown late, its growth period is shortened; in production, weakly spring-type or spring-type varieties should preferably be selected. Such varieties have a fast stage development process, a short vegetative growth period, and high grain-filling intensity, making it easy to achieve the goals of large ears, many grains, heavy grains, early maturity, and high yield. At present, the varieties suitable for late sowing in our province include Yumai 18-99, Yanzhan 4110, Zhengmai 9023, and others.</p><p>Compensating for late sowing with management</p><p>Late-sown wheat consumes little fertilizer and water before winter and in early spring, and basically lacks neither water nor nutrients before green-up and jointing, so topdressing and watering are generally not suitable, lest the soil temperature be lowered and seedling development affected. In February-March of spring, foliar spraying of urea or compound fertilizer can be used to promote seedling growth. For wheat fields with poor land preparation quality, much loose soil and many clods, prone to moisture loss, or with relatively poor soil moisture, compaction can be carried out in winter and during the green-up stage in early spring, followed by shallow hoeing, so as to achieve the effects of lifting moisture, preserving moisture, and increasing temperature. In high-yield wheat fields, no topdressing or watering should be done at the jointing stage, so as to control spring tillers and promote winter tillers to form ears; from mid-February to early March, shallow hoeing should be done to loosen the soil and let air in, increase temperature and preserve moisture, and promote early seedling growth and more roots. However, fertilizer and water must not be applied too early, otherwise it will not only affect root growth but also cause a large amount of spring tillering in the wheat seedlings, lodging from excessive growth due to field closure, slow polarization, and delayed growth period. But for medium- and low-yield wheat fields, small amounts of water and fertilizer management in spring can promote root growth and tillering and increase the population.</p><p>The standing-up and jointing stage is the key period for managing late-sown wheat; fertilizer and water can be applied together, with 7-10 kg of urea per mu, to prevent green-staying and late maturity and to promote the growth of the flag leaf, the leaf below the flag leaf, and the stem nodes, which is very beneficial for increasing the thousand-grain weight.</p>
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Three key points to note when applying winter manure to wheat
Weak seedlings: For wheat fields sown late, with poor soil fertility and insufficient base fertilizer, winter manure should be applied generously, mainly with quick-acting fertilizers, about 40 loads of decomposed pig and cattle pen manure per mu; or 20-25 kg of ammonium bicarbonate, or about 10 kg of urea applied as a top dressing when rain or snow falls, to promote stem growth
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