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Identification Methods and Correct Usage Techniques for Common Fish Medications
I. Antibacterial Agents (1) Furazolidone, also known as furaltadone. Yellow powder, odorless, with broad-spectrum antibacterial action and relatively low toxicity; can be administered orally or as a bath, mainly used to prevent and treat eel gill rot, enteritis, red fin disease, and red spot disease. For oral administration, mix 15-20 g of the drug per 100 kg of feed, for a course of 3-5 days; for bath treatment, scatter the drug solution over the entire pond at 2 g per cubic meter. Because the drug is poorly soluble in water, it can first be soaked and mixed with alcohol before use. (2) Chloramphenicol. White powdery drug, easily soluble in water, effective against both Gram-negative
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Identification and Control Methods of the Russian Olive Psyllid
Scientific name Trioza magnisetosa Log. Homoptera, Psyllidae. Hosts: Russian olive (Elaeagnus angustifolia), jujube. Damage characteristics: adults and nymphs pierce and suck the sap of young buds, tender twigs and leaves; infested young buds often die, infested leaves mostly curl toward the underside, and in severe cases the twigs and shoot tips die, weakening the tree's vigor, with heavy flower and fruit drop. Morphological characteristics: adult body length 2.5-3.4 mm, dark green to yellowish brown. Compound eyes large, protruding, reddish brown. Antennae filiform, 10 segments, the terminal 2 segments black
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Identification and Control Methods for Goji Berry Pests and Diseases
(1) Black fruit disease. The pathogen is a species of ascomycete fungus (scientific name Glomerella cingulata (Stonem) Sch. et Spauld). It is mainly prevalent in Hebei, Shandong, Shaanxi and other places, and mostly occurs during the rainy season. Affected fruits, flowers and buds turn black, and under humid conditions the diseased parts produce orange-red slime, which is the conidial mass of the pathogen. Control methods: ① Strengthen water and fertilizer management in winter and spring, prune lightly in autumn and winter to promote early ripening and higher yield of spring fruits; control
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Symptom Identification and Control Methods of Hydrangea Viral Disease
Also known as hydrangea ringspot virus disease and hydrangea mosaic disease. Found sporadically in Beijing, Henan, Hebei and other places. It harms hydrangeas, making the plants short and small, with small and pale flowers, reducing their ornamental value. In some places, horticultural cultivation appreciates its diseased beauty, and it is called variegated-leaf hydrangea. Symptoms are a systemic disease; infected plants are thin and weak as a whole, with pale colors in branches, leaves and flower clusters, appearing pale green under a light pinkish-white covering; the leaves have irregular pinkish-white patches mixed into the pinkish-green, with clear boundaries separated by leaf veins; the leaf margins are white. In early spring and winter in the greenhouse
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Symptom Identification and Control Methods for Hydrangea Bud Blight
Hydrangea bud blight is also known as hydrangea gray mold. It damages the buds and flowers of the plant. Symptoms: In field-grown plants, it easily occurs in dense spherical flower clusters, causing them to develop water-soaked rot. In greenhouse cultivation, buds are prone to turning black and withering. Pathogen: The pathogen is Botrytis cinerea Pers., belonging to the Deuteromycotina, Hyphomycetes, Moniliales, genus Botrytis. Disease pattern: The pathogen overwinters as mycelium in diseased plant debris. In the following spring, it produces conidia
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Symptom Identification and Control Methods of Hydrangea Ringspot Virus
[Distribution and Damage] Hydrangea (Hydrangea macrophylla), also known as bigleaf hydrangea, is a deciduous shrub planted throughout China. Many viruses infect it, with ringspot being the most common. It is generally latent; severely affected plants are stunted with few or no flowers. [Symptoms] Leaves are crinkled, and stems sometimes show necrotic spots. In inoculated diseased plants, old leaves develop chlorotic spots, brown ringspots, or oak-leaf patterns. [Pathogen] The virus HyRSV, also belonging to the potato virus Y group. Particles are filamentous, measuring 47
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Pigeon Newcastle Disease: Symptom Identification and Prevention and Treatment Methods
[Cause] Also known as pigeon paramyxovirus type I disease, it is a viral infectious disease (paramyxovirus type I virus), transmitted through contaminated feed, drinking water, pigeon equipment, and the clothing, shoes, and hats of people who have contact with diseased pigeons. [Symptoms] The initial signs are ruffled feathers, listlessness, and reduced appetite. There are paroxysmal spasms, drooping of one or both wings, paralysis of the feet and claws, twisting of the head and neck, head tilting backward, and discharge of yellow-green watery droppings, with feces adhering around the vent. Difficulty breathing, conjunctivitis or ocular inflammation, and nasal discharge may also be seen.
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Identification and Prevention of Physiological Disorders in Atlantic Potato Tubers
The Atlantic potato is a high-quality raw material for processing snack foods such as potato chips and French fries. Its growth period is relatively short, and it has strict requirements for the cultivation environment: it needs cool conditions but is not tolerant of low temperatures. During cultivation, freeze protection and fertilizer and water management should be done well to avoid physiological disorders such as black heart, hollow heart, starch leakage, cracking, and deformities, and to improve tuber quality and marketable yield. I. Tuber black heart 1. Symptoms: Irregular patterns ranging from black to blue appear in the center of the tuber. When oxygen deficiency is severe, the entire tuber may turn black. Usu
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Identification and Control Methods of Slime Mold Diseases in Oyster Mushrooms
Symptoms The slime mold colonies harming oyster mushrooms are white, and during the vegetative growth stage they mostly spread outward in a feather-like pattern, generally difficult to distinguish from oyster mushroom mycelium. In the middle and late stages of oyster mushroom growth, the slime mold develops rapidly. When the mushroom bed has high humidity, the slime mold spreads from the bottom layer of the substrate to the surface layer, beginning to appear on the surface of the mushroom bed as bright orange-yellow gelatinous filaments, which then rapidly produce powdery gelatinous masses, namely the slime mold spores entering the reproductive stage. The gelatinous masses spread rapidly from the stipe to the cap of the oyster mushroom, gradually enveloping the entire fruiting body and causing the fruiting bodies
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Identification methods and management key points for vicious habits in does
Every year during the fawning and nursing period of does, in some deer farms, due to inadequate management techniques, incidents occur from time to time in which vicious-habit does harm newborn fawns and feeding management personnel. Some newborn fawns are clawed to death alive, and some feeders or technicians are clawed and injured. According to investigations, there was once 1 sika deer vicious-habit doe that, in the first few days after giving birth, clawed 5 newborn fawns to death and clawed and injured 2 young and strong feeding management personnel. The harm caused by vicious-habit does has led to a significant increase in fawn mortality and should be given full attention. 1 Identification
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