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How to prevent and control viral diseases in mushrooms? Detailed methods
Once a mushroom viral disease occurs, the harm is great. Not only does the yield of that year decline, but if the mushroom house is not thoroughly disinfected, it will also affect the harvest of the next year. After mushroom mycelium is infected with the virus, it cannot form fruiting bodies, and in severe cases the mycelium rots, causing large mushroom-free areas to appear on the bed. After mushroom buds are infected with the virus, the fruiting bodies develop abnormally; some caps show brown spots and the caps are lopsided; some caps have notches, the growth of the cap and stipe is unbalanced, the cap is extremely small or the stipe is extremely long; or the stipe is curved, with the lower part of the stipe tapered; or the middle of the stipe swells into a stalk-like shape
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Detailed Guide to Identifying and Controlling Common Mushroom Diseases
I. Fungal Diseases 1. Brown rot. Also known as white rot and blister disease. The pathogen spores are brought into the mushroom house through casing soil and spread by air and insect pests. When the air in the mushroom house is not circulating and high temperature and high humidity occur, the disease is severe. A large amount of white mycelium forms on the mushroom bed. After infection, the stipe of the fruiting body swells into a blister-like shape, and in severe cases deformed mushrooms form, turning brown, or white flocculent spherical masses form in which the cap and stipe are indistinguishable. Control method: mainly disinfect the casing soil. Place the casing soil in an empty room, and fumigate at a ratio of 5 ml of formaldehyde plus 3 g
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How to prevent and control common mushroom pests and diseases?
I. Mushroom brown rot: also known as mushroom Mycogone perniciosa disease, blister disease, white rot, etc. It is currently the most damaging disease in mushroom cultivation. Besides harming mushrooms, it can also harm oyster mushrooms, straw mushrooms, silver ear fungus, and Ganoderma. Symptoms: The disease shows different symptoms at different developmental stages of the mushroom. When the mushroom begins to knot and form young buttons (before the fruiting body has differentiated), it is susceptible to infection, forming hard, horse-neck-shaped irregular tissue masses. These are covered with a layer of white fuzzy mycelium, which later darkens and finally turns dark brown.
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A Detailed Guide to Common Diseases of Dianthus chinensis and Their Control Methods
Diseases of Dianthus chinensis fall into two major categories: non-infectious diseases and infectious diseases. The specific control measures are as follows: 1. Control of non-infectious diseases. Non-infectious diseases are usually caused by imbalances in nutrients, water and temperature, as well as infection by harmful substances. Although Dianthus chinensis does not have strict requirements for water and nutrients, excessive drought will cause poor growth and an underdeveloped root system, thereby reducing its stress resistance; excessive moisture will cause a lack of oxygen in the soil, suffocating and rotting the roots. As for nutrient requirements, it is best not to use pure N fertilizer; too much N fertilizer causes excessive vegetative growth of branches and leaves, tender tissues, and poor air circulation between plants.
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What are the methods for controlling pests and diseases of jasmine?
1. Diseases ① Brown spot: promptly prune away diseased leaves and diseased branches, and spray the foliage with 80% zineb wettable powder at 500-700 times dilution, or 80% mancozeb wettable powder at 400-600 times dilution, spraying once every 10-15 days, for 3-5 consecutive sprays. When spraying, the front and back of the leaves should be evenly covered. ② Southern blight: in the early stage of the disease, spray the base of the plant and the surrounding soil with 50% amobam aqueous solution at 1000 times dilution, and after 7-10 days, spray once more. After that, use 70% thiophanate
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How to prevent and treat raccoon dog diseases? Detailed answers to thirteen questions
1. What causes a large number of raccoon dogs to have diarrhea? How to prevent and treat it? Answer: When a large number of raccoon dogs in a breeding group have diarrhea, the first thing to consider is the feed problem. Is the feed moldy and spoiled? Is the animal feed rotten? Has the grain feed been stored for too long? Is the salt content too high? Has the grain feed not been processed and cooked thoroughly enough? All of the above situations can cause a large number of raccoon dogs to have diarrhea. For prevention and treatment, the above problems must be solved. At the same time, feeding gentamicin, norfloxacin, chloramphenicol, oxytetracycline, sulfonamides and other drugs all have a certain
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How to easily diagnose pigeon diseases? Practical methods you can learn at a glance
1. Look at body posture. Sick pigeons are mostly in poor spirits, inactive, isolated from the flock, with ruffled feathers, dull eyes, rapid breathing, wheezing or abnormal sounds from the throat and trachea during breathing, reduced appetite or no eating, excessive drinking, or failure to feed squabs, etc. 2. Look at the eyes. Pigeons suffering from ornithosis, paratyphoid, ophthalmia, mycoplasmosis, and vitamin A deficiency have red, swollen, inflamed eyes with increased discharge. Those with conjunctivitis have congested conjunctiva and dilated blood vessels. With erysipelas or pneumonia, the conjunctiva is bluish-purple. With anemia or malnutrition, the conjunctiva is pale. With organophosphate pesticide poisoning,
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Proper removal of silkworm excrement can effectively reduce the occurrence of silkworm diseases
Silkworm excrement not only harbors the pathogens of viral flacherie, but is also a breeding and transmission site for the pathogens of many silkworm diseases such as empty-head soft rot, bacterial soft rot, and muscardine. Data show that when pathogen-carrying silkworm excrement from spring-reared silkworms is left for 15 days and then comes into contact with mulberry leaves, it can cause the incidence of midgut-type viral flacherie in silkworms that eat those leaves to reach 75%; when pathogen-carrying silkworm excrement from late-autumn-reared silkworms is left for 1 day and then comes into contact with mulberry leaves, it can cause the incidence of midgut-type viral flacherie in silkworms that eat those leaves to reach 60%, and after 7 days the incidence reaches 100%. Therefore, during routine rearing,
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Rice Major Pests and Diseases in Gejiu City: Occurrence and Control Methods
I. Rice Planthoppers 1. Damage characteristics: Rice planthoppers, also known as white gnats, are migratory pests with the characteristics of long-distance migration and outbreak damage. The common species include the smaller brown planthopper and the white-backed planthopper. They occur in all rice-growing areas of the city, mainly damaging rice, followed by wheat and corn, and also parasitize grasses such as Chinese sprangletop and other gramineous weeds. Adults and nymphs gather in clusters at the base of rice clumps and on leaves to suck sap. The damaged parts show elongated brown spots, and in severe cases the lower stems turn black and the entire plant dies.
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How to prevent and treat common diseases in ayu (sweetfish) farming?
I. Vibriosis 1. Pathogen: mainly Vibrio anguillarum. 2. Symptoms: depending on the species of Vibrio infecting the fish, it can be roughly divided into three types: yellow-liver type, pointed-intestine type and ulcerative type. Sick fish swim weakly, have darkened body color, protruding eyeballs and skin hemorrhages that in severe cases extend deep into the muscle layer; there is congestion and then ulceration on the inner surface of the operculum, the base of the fins and the tip of the snout; the anus is red and swollen; the gills are pale; the liver of sick fish is enlarged, in some cases entirely faded to a yellowish-earth color, in others partially faded and congested; blister-like structures filled with bloody fluid appear in the liver of sick fish; the gallbladder is enlarged, and the
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