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What are the symptoms of viral diseases in rice?
Affected plants are stunted and the leaves become discolored, growth declines, and the leaf color turns orange to yellow. When indica rice is infected, the color is mostly orange or slightly reddish, so it is also called red leaf disease. Mottling appears on young leaves, and rust-colored spots appear on old leaves. At present, 11 kinds of rice viral diseases have been found in China (including two mycoplasma-like diseases), namely common dwarf disease, yellow leaf disease, stripe leaf blight, black-streaked dwarf disease, yellow wilt disease, grassy stunt disease, bunchy dwarf disease, ragged stunt disease, orange leaf disease, tungro disease, and tumor dwarf disease. In southern China, rice common dwarf disease and yellow leaf disease cause the most severe damage.
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Identification and Control Methods of Common Rice Diseases
1. Rice blast (1) Damage characteristics: Rice blast, also known as rice fever disease, commonly called fire blast, dangling-head blast, neck-pinching blast, etc., is one of the most widespread and most damaging fungal diseases worldwide, mainly harming the aboveground parts of the host plant. Because the damage period and site differ, it can be divided into seedling blast, leaf blast, neck blast, branch blast, grain blast, etc. Its host range includes rice, wheat, crabgrass and many other grass family plants. The rice blast pathogen mainly overwinters on diseased rice straw, and in the second year spreads from the diseased straw into rice fields to infect and cause damage. Pathogen transmission mainly relies on wind
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Key Technical Points of Soil Testing and Formula Fertilization for Rice
Based on the technical principles of soil testing and formula fertilization, and combined with the actual work of soil testing and formula fertilization in Pulandian City, 10 technical steps in the experimental process of soil testing and formula fertilization for rice were summarized. 1. Site selection: Select locally representative plots, and arrange experimental plots according to the areas of high-, medium-, and low-fertility farmland. The fertility status of the experimental site should be uniform and consistent, and the fertilization status of the previous crop should be as similar as possible. 2. Soil sampling and testing: Collect soil samples before plowing, using a "plum blossom shape" or "snake shape" to take 15-20 points, with a vertical depth of
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What are the key technical points for field tillage and preparation for machine-transplanted rice?
For machine-transplanted rice fields, different tillage and preparation methods should be adopted according to the cropping sequence, soil characteristics and other conditions, and base fertilizer should be applied according to local conditions based on soil fertility. Tillage and preparation of fields following a previous crop: 1. Crushing the straw of the previous crop. When the previous crop is harvested, the straw must be crushed and evenly spread. If crushing was not carried out during mechanical harvesting, an additional straw-crushing operation should be added or the straw should be removed from the field. 2. Dry tillage. Under suitable soil moisture and water content conditions, three methods can be used to kill stubble: forward (reverse) rotary tillage, shallow plowing and harrowing of stubble, among which the reverse rotary stubble-killing method
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Detailed Introduction to the Shanyou 122 Rice Variety
[Basic Information] Shanyou 122 is a temperature-sensitive, medium-late maturing hybrid combination developed by crossing the newly bred high-quality restorer line Guanghui 122 (Lian 836-1 Minghui 63/Guanghui 3550) with Zhenshan 97A. It has accumulated a promotion area of 76,900 hm2 in our province, becoming the leading medium-late maturing hybrid rice combination in our province. [Characteristics] When grown as early rice, the whole growth period is 122-128 d, 6 d later than the medium-maturing control variety Shanyou 96 and 5 d earlier than the late-maturing control variety Shanyou 63.
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Introduction to the Shanyou 64 Rice Variety and Key Cultivation Techniques
Breeding units: Wuyi County Agriculture Bureau, Zhejiang Province, and Hangzhou Seed Company, Zhejiang Province. Approval status: approved by the Zhejiang Provincial Crop Variety Approval Committee in 1986, recognized by the Hunan Provincial Crop Variety Approval Committee in 1990, and approved by the National Crop Variety Approval Committee in 1991. Variety registration number: GS01015-l990. Variety source: Zhenshan 97A x Ce of. Characteristics: medium indica early-maturing hybrid rice. Plant height 83-85 cm, slender stems, plant type moderately compact, panicle length 21-21.5 cm, total grains per panicle 90-110, seed setting rate 75%-85%, 1000-grain weight 26-27 g, leaf number on main stem 13-14. Growth period 111-115 days, 10-12 days earlier maturing than Shanyou 6. Relatively resistant to rice blast and bacterial leaf blight, slightly susceptible to sheath blight, prone to lodging if nitrogen is applied excessively at the late stage. Average yield 400-450 kg per mu.
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Introduction to the Rice Variety Shanyou 94-11
(1) Variety source: This is a medium-indica late-maturing combination developed by the Neijiang Hybrid Rice Science and Technology Development Center, using Zhenshan 97A as the female parent and the self-bred restorer line 94-11 as the male parent. (2) Characteristics: The full growth period is 145.6 days, 0.8 days longer than Shanyou 63. The plant height is 110-115 cm, with 140-160 grains per panicle, a seed-setting rate of 85-90%, and a 1000-grain weight of 27.5 g. The leaf color is relatively dark, and the tillering ability is weak. The plant type is moderate, the flag leaf is long and straight, the panicle layer is neat, the color turns well at maturity, the stem is hard and resistant to lodging, and the grain quality is good. (3) Yield table
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Introduction to the Characteristics and Traits of the Rice Variety Shanyou 94-4
(1) Variety source: Shanyou 94-4 is a medium indica late-maturing hybrid rice combination developed by the Neijiang Hybrid Rice Science and Technology Development Center by crossing the self-bred restorer line 94-4 with Zhenshan 97A. (2) Characteristics and traits: The whole growth period of this variety is 146 days, maturing at the same time as Shanyou 63. This variety has a compact plant type and good luxuriance, 108.2 cm, panicle length 23.7 cm, effective panicles per mu 182,200, grains per panicle 137.2, seed setting rate 82.7%, 1000-grain weight 26.9 g. Brown rice rate 82%,
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Shennong 7 (formerly known as Shennong 9457 rice)
Characteristics: This variety is a conventional japonica-type rice variety. Grown in the early-maturing rice regions of Northeast and Northwest China, its whole growth period is 152.3 days, 7 days later maturing than the control Jiyujing. Plant height is 93.8 cm, total grains per panicle 73.1, seed setting rate 90.4%, and 1000-grain weight 26.2 g. Rice blast resistance grade 7. Main rice quality indicators: head rice rate 68.4%, chalky grain rate 12%, chalkiness degree 1.2%, gel consistency 85 mm, and amylose content 16.3%. Yield performance: In 2001, it participated in the Jiyujing group regional trial of the northern rice region
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Rice physiological red blight can be controlled with raw gypsum powder
Rice physiological red blight often occurs in cold-waterlogged mountain valley fields and in paddy fields where organic green manure has not fully decomposed. This disease mostly occurs at the tillering stage of rice, showing as very little tillering, leaves turning yellow-brown, and tea-brown irregular spots on the first and second leaves from the base; some mistake it for leaf blast. When the rice hills are pulled up, the root system is yellow-brown, and in severe cases black; the seedlings do not grow, commonly called "fa qiu". There are three main causes of physiological red blight: first, toxic substances such as hydrogen sulfide produced during the decomposition of green manure; second, some cold-waterlogged
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