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Detailed Explanation of Key Management Techniques for Angelica sinensis During the Overwintering Period
For directly sown Angelica sinensis (Chinese angelica), in combination with topdressing before winter, cover the seedlings with manure-enriched soil or add a layer of fine soil about 1 cm thick over the seedlings to protect them from frost damage; for seedling-raised and transplanted Angelica sinensis, seedling storage work must be done well in winter; for seed-bearing Angelica sinensis, in order to improve seed yield and quality, before harvest, robust and uniform seedlings grown on high mountains or mid-mountain slopes must be selected for seed production. Afterwards, cut off the aboveground parts of the seed-bearing plants, remove all weeds, let them overwinter naturally, and keep watch frequently to prevent livestock from entering and trampling them, which would cause gaps in the seedlings. In early spring of the following year, if weeds are seen growing, they can be pulled out by hand; at this time, the root system covers the soil surface, so hoeing for weed control and fertilization must not be used, to avoid cutting the root system and hindering plant growth.
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Key Techniques for Overwintering Management of Panax notoginseng Seedling Fields
Panax notoginseng is a perennial herbaceous plant. Once winter arrives, its above-ground parts all die back. At this time, the above-ground parts should be cut off 3 cm above the ground, and all dead branches, fallen leaves, diseased plants and weeds in the field should be cleared away and burned outside the field. The soil should be thoroughly sprayed and disinfected with 0.2-0.3 degrees Baume lime-sulfur mixture, and then a layer of decomposed farmyard manure should be applied at about 1500 kg per mu to keep warm and prevent freezing. If exposed roots are found, soil should be banked up when the winter fertilizer is applied, and finally a layer of grass should be spread on top to ensure the buds overwinter safely.
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How to store Gastrodia elata seeds for safe overwintering
The seeds can be stored in a pit dug inside a cellar. First dig a pit in the cellar; the size of the pit depends on the amount of seeds, and the pit depth is 45-50 cm. The vegetative propagation stems should be removed from the seeds, and they should be air-dried for 1-2 days before being put into the cellar. Sand with a moisture content of 20% should be chosen as the filling material. Sand that is too wet or too dry is harmful to the seeds. After the pit is dug, place a layer (3 cm thick) of sand with grains ranging in size from millet to sorghum at the bottom, lay out one layer of seeds, and arrange 4-5 layers of seeds in total, with the topmost layer covered by 5-6 cm of sand. Each layer of seeds must be laid out singly, with no contact between
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Overwintering management of Panax notoginseng, Coptis chinensis, Morinda officinalis, and Ligusticum chuanxiong
Panax notoginseng: In winter, when the leaves turn yellow and wither, cut off the above-ground stems and leaves about 3 cm above the ground, collect the dead stems and leaves, remove weeds and diseased plant residues from inside and outside the garden, and burn them all outside the garden to clean the field. Then spray the bed surface with 1:1:200 Bordeaux mixture or 0.2-0.3 degrees Baume lime-sulfur mixture to fully disinfect the soil. If exposed roots are found, add appropriate soil covering. In addition, after cleaning the garden in November, apply 2000 kg of decomposed mixed fertilizer per mu at the plant roots to protect the buds through the winter safely. Before the seedlings emerge
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