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Control Methods and Key Technical Points for Codonopsis Diseases
I. Rust mainly damages the stems and leaves of Codonopsis. Control methods: clean the field, eliminate field weeds and diseased plants. In the early stage of the disease, spray 25% triadimefon wettable powder at 1000-1500 times dilution, or 90% dithianon sodium at 400 times dilution for control. Spray once every 7-10 days, for 2-3 consecutive sprays. II. Root rot mainly damages the roots of Codonopsis. Control methods: from July to August, apply additional phosphorus and potassium fertilizer. Before transplanting Codonopsis, soak the roots in 50% thiophanate-methyl wettable powder at 1000 times dilution for 5 minutes. When the disease occurs
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Key Technical Points for Harvesting and Processing Codonopsis pilosula
(1) Harvesting: Direct-sown Codonopsis pilosula needs 3 years before it can be harvested, while transplanted seedlings are best harvested in the second year after transplanting. In autumn, after the above-ground stems and leaves turn yellow and wither, choose a sunny day and dig carefully and deeply, turning out the whole root, avoiding cuts and breakage so that the sap does not flow out and form black scars, which would reduce quality. (2) Processing: Wash the harvested Codonopsis pilosula, grade it, and process each grade separately. First spread it on a drying mat in the sun for 2-3 days; when the roots become soft from drying, tie each grade of Codonopsis pilosula into small bundles, hold the root head with one hand, and with the other hand rub downward along the root several times. The next day, sun-dry again, and in the evening gather them into ox-horn bundles, each weighing 1
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Detailed Explanation of Harvesting and Processing Methods for Codonopsis pilosula
For direct-sown fields, harvest in the third year; for transplanted fields, harvest after two years of growth following transplanting. For medicinal Codonopsis pilosula, the harvest period runs from when the aboveground parts wither until before the ground freezes, but the best quality is obtained when harvested within the half-month before and after the White Dew solar term. When harvesting, first remove the support stakes, cut off the stems and vines, then dig up the roots. Take care not to damage the roots while digging, to prevent the loss of sap. Remove the residual stems from the dug roots, wash off the soil, and sort them by size, length and thickness into old, large and medium grades for drying in the sun. After drying until half-dry, briefly blanch in boiling water, then sun-dry or oven-dry (oven-drying must use only a low fire, with the temperature around 60°C
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Methods for Weed Control in Codonopsis pilosula and Key Technical Points
For fields where annual grass weeds such as barnyardgrass, crabgrass, foxtail, and giant foxtail are the main weeds, use herbicides such as napropamide (sethoxydim), quizalofop-p-ethyl, and fluazifop-p-butyl. ①2% sethoxydim emulsifiable concentrate at 75-100 g per 667 sq m. ②5% quizalofop-p-ethyl emulsifiable concentrate at 75-100 g. ③15% fluazifop-p-butyl emulsifiable concentrate at 75-100 g. Dilute the application rate in 15-20 kg of clean water and spray the stems and leaves of the weeds. Choose a sunny, windless day between 9-11 a.m. or after 4 p.m.
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Codonopsis pilosula 8917-2 Variety Introduction
8917-2 is a new Codonopsis pilosula line in China developed through crossbreeding by the Dryland Agriculture Research Institute of Dingxi Prefecture, Gansu Province. It shows strong advantages such as high and stable yield, drought and cold resistance, and wide adaptability. It increases yield by 20%-30% compared with Shanxi Ludang Codonopsis and Gansu Baitiao Codonopsis, producing 150-200 kg of dried product per 667 sq m, with the highest reaching 250 kg. The key points of its seedling raising and cultivation techniques are briefly introduced as follows. 1. Seedling raising The seedling field should be finely cultivated and fully applied with base fertilizer. Apply 2,500 kg of decomposed farmyard manure per 667 sq m, additionally apply 100 kg of cake fertilizer
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Detailed Explanation of Harvesting Methods and Primary Processing Techniques for Codonopsis pilosula
1. Harvesting and Storage of Codonopsis pilosula Seeds Although one-year-old Codonopsis pilosula plants can produce a small amount of flowers and seeds, many of the seeds are shriveled and do not easily sprout after sowing, or the seedlings that emerge are weak in growth, so they are not suitable for seed use. Two- to three-year-old Codonopsis pilosula plants produce more flowers and seeds, with plump grains, high yield, and good quality, and the seedlings grown from them are robust, making them suitable for seed use. Codonopsis pilosula seeds are generally harvested from September to October, when the fruits of two- to three-year-old Codonopsis pilosula turn yellowish-white and the seeds turn brown. After harvesting, dry them in the shade, place them in cloth bags or burlap bags, and store them at low temperature; the suitable temperature is below 10°C. 2. Codonopsis pilosula
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Methods for Controlling Underground Pests of Codonopsis pilosula and Key Technical Points
The main underground pests harming Codonopsis pilosula are white grubs, cutworms and mole crickets; the above-ground pest is spider mites. Control methods for underground pests: use poisoned soil and poisoned bait to lure and kill them. Poisoned soil preparation: use 0.5-1.5 kg of 35% endosulfan per mu, 15 kg of soil, mix and scatter among the seedling roots; poisoned bait preparation: use 1 kg of roasted cake meal per mu, add 35 g of trichlorfon, mix well with water, scatter on the bed surface and beside the beds, in the furrows or on the ridges. Control methods for above-ground pests: the above-ground pest of Codonopsis pilosula is spider mites, generally
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Detailed Explanation of Key Techniques for High-Yield Cultivation of Codonopsis pilosula
Codonopsis pilosula (poor man's ginseng) gets its name from its place of origin, "Shangdang Commandery," and is a perennial herbaceous vine of the Campanulaceae family. Its root is used as medicine. It is distributed across various provinces in the Northeast, Northwest and other regions. At present, the largest area under artificial cultivation is Weiyuan County in our province, which enjoys the reputation of "China's Hometown of Codonopsis pilosula." Pharmacological experiments have shown that Codonopsis pilosula has a blood-sugar-raising effect, can increase red blood cells and hemoglobin levels, raise blood concentration and reduce white blood cells, and also has blood-pressure-lowering and coagulation-promoting effects. Its taste is sweet, and its nature is neutral. It has the functions of tonifying qi, enriching blood and promoting fluid production. It is used for spleen deficiency, poor appetite with loose stools, fatigue of the limbs, shortness of breath and
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Codonopsis stems and leaves are a high-quality feed with high nutritional value.
Codonopsis is a valuable traditional Chinese medicinal herb, with its dried roots used as medicine; it has the effects of tonifying qi and nourishing blood, harmonizing the spleen and stomach, promoting fluid production, and clearing the lungs. Its stems and leaves were often discarded in the past. However, in recent years, research has found that Codonopsis stems and leaves contain volatile oils, various amino acids, macro- and trace elements, alkaloids, starch, and more. Farmers at the Sifangpa medicinal herb farm in our county dry and crush the stems and leaves, then add them to feed at a ratio of 20-30% to feed pigs, producing a clear weight-gain effect. When used to feed poultry, not only are the egg-laying rate, egg production, and average egg weight increased, but tests also show that the cholesterol content is somewhat reduced.
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Broadcasting Methods and Key Sowing Techniques for Codonopsis pilosula
First rake off the surface dry soil, use a scraper to level the bed surface, evenly broadcast the seeds over the bed surface, lightly sweep the bed surface several times with a broom, mix the seeds into the topsoil, and then compact. After sowing, cover the bed surface with 1 layer of rice straw, millet straw, corn stalks, etc., and then water appropriately, keeping the soil moist regularly to facilitate seedling emergence. Sowing rate: 15 kg per hectare for drilling, 15-20 kg per hectare for broadcasting. Codonopsis pilosula seeds are small; to sow evenly, the seeds can be mixed with an appropriate amount of fine sand before sowing. Direct
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