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What are the pest and disease control methods for Chuanxiong (Medicinal cyathula, Cyathula officinalis)?
The main disease during the growing period of Medicinal cyathula (Cyathula officinalis) is white rust. The symptoms of this disease are that all aboveground parts of the plant can be affected, manifesting as damage to the leaves, with pale yellow-green patches appearing on the leaf surface and corresponding blister-like protrusions growing on the underside, 1-2 mm in diameter. After the epidermis ruptures, a white, glossy, sticky-slimy powdery substance is released. When many blister spots occur, the diseased leaves turn yellow and brown. When it occurs on parts such as leaf petioles and young buds, pale yellow spots are produced, which later become white blister spots, and the diseased stems are often swollen and twisted. The pattern of white rust development is that the pathogen mainly overwinters as oospores
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Occurrence and Control Methods of the Black Velvet Chafer in Fengxiang County, Shaanxi
The black velvet chafer (commonly known as "louhu") has a body length of 7-8 mm, a blackish-brown or purplish-brown body color, and blackish-brown fine hairs on its body surface. It has one generation per year and overwinters as an adult. In April of the following year, it emerges and becomes active, then feeds on the leaves of weeds, poplar, willow, and elm trees. After crop seedlings emerge, it migrates to sunflowers, beans, and other crops to feed and cause damage. During the day, it hides in weeds and soil cracks. It mostly flies out in groups in the evening to cause damage, biting the tender leaves of willow, elm, and fruit trees, as well as the seedlings of crops such as alfalfa, sunflower, sweet potato, potato, and kidney bean. Adults have a death-feigning habit and phototaxis. From May to
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