Clinical Symptoms and Treatment Measures of the Most Acute Form of Swine Pasteurellosis

Although swine pasteurellosis is widely distributed, its incidence as a standalone disease is not high; it is generally triggered by other infectious diseases. Based on the current development of traditional Chinese and Western medicine,treatmentand prevention are not very difficult.

Swine pasteurellosis has a certain incubation period, generally 1 to 3 d. In terms of incidence, piglets and pigs nearing maturity have a higher incidence rate.Affected pigs carry the pasteurellosis pathogen in various organs throughout the body and shed the pathogen through intestinal secretions and excretions. The pathogen spreads to healthy pigs through respiration and other routes, causing infection. When healthy pigs have a weak constitution, the incidence rate is higher.

Swine pasteurellosis is divided into the most acute, acute and chronic forms. The most acute form causes rapid death and can last 1 to 2 d.It mainly manifests as fibrinous pleuropneumonia symptoms; the septicemia symptoms are not very obvious. At onset, body temperature is relatively high, with a dry cough, purulent eye discharge and constipation; in the later stage, purple patches appear along with diarrhea.

Acute swine pasteurellosis can last 4 to 6 d. Chronic swine pasteurellosis can last about 2 weeks, mainly manifesting as poor appetite, labored breathing, listlessness and relatively high body temperature.

A preliminary judgment of swine pasteurellosis can be made through epidemiology, clinical symptoms and pathological changes, while an accurate diagnosis can be made through laboratory methods. However, it needs to be differentiated from acute throat disease and swine enzootic pneumonia.

Fundamentally, the way to prevent swine pasteurellosis is toimprove the pig farmenvironment, pay attention to ventilation, promptly clean up pig excretions, and reduce pig-raising density, thereby improving the pigs' resistance.

At the same time,the pig herd should be vaccinated on schedule. Breeding boars must be immunized with inactivated vaccine twice per year, while breeding sows should be vaccinated before mating.Under normal circumstances, finishing pigs are injected once about every 1 month. Pigs that have died from the disease must be deeply buried or burned to prevent secondary infection of other pigs.

Keepers should frequently observe the pigs' condition and immediately isolate them if abnormalities are found, conduct timely diagnosis to understand the pigs' condition, and achieve early detection and earlytreatmentto prevent large-scale infection and major losses.

In addition, both traditional Chinese medicine and Western medicine have good effects intreatingswine pasteurellosis. For pigs that are already ill, a combination of traditional Chinese and Western medicine can be used fortreatment. The specifictreatmentmethods are the following 2.

Western medicine:10% glucose 250 mL, VC 0.5 g, 20% sulfadiazine 0.05 mg/kg, mixed for intravenous drip once per day; Bupleurum injection 0.15 mL/kg, ceftiofur 30 mg/kg, mixed for intramuscular injection once per day; tylosin 0.2 mL/kg, intramuscular injection once per day.

Traditional Chinese medicine:Shegan (Belamcanda chinensis) 30 g, jinyinhua (honeysuckle) 30 g, lianqiao (Forsythia suspensa) 40 g, zhimu (Anemarrhena asphodeloides) 15 g, shandougen (Sophora tonkinensis) 30 g, zelan (Lycopus lucidus) 15 g, longdancao (Gentiana scabra) 30 g, jiegeng (Platycodon grandiflorus) 10 g, xuanshen (Scrophularia ningpoensis) 25 g, maidong (Ophiopogon japonicus) 25 g, baibu (Stemona sessilifolia) 20 g, danpi (Paeonia suffruticosa) 25 g. Decoct in water, take the essence, add a small amount of white sugar. One dose is used for 1 d, administered 2 times per day, for 3 consecutive doses. Once the pig's condition improves, the dosage can be reduced by half, and continued for 5 to 7 d for full recovery.

Pasteurellosis is a common infectious disease that can cause major losses to farms if there is any carelessness, but it can also be prevented andtreatedthrough traditional Chinese and Western medicine. It is necessary to understand the epidemic characteristics and clinical symptoms of swine pasteurellosis and clarify its pathological changes. For diagnosis, some simple medical knowledge can be used to make a preliminary judgment about the pigs, and then laboratory methods can be used for a definitive judgment.

In terms oftreatment, first the farm should provide pigs with an appropriate environment to improve their resistance; second, for confirmed cases, traditional Chinese medicine or Western medicine can be chosen fortreatment, thereby reducing the harm of swine pasteurellosis.