Six Possible Causes of Numerous Bleeding Spots on Pig Skin
Do You Know the Six Possible Causes of Numerous Bleeding Spots on Pig Skin?
I. Mycotoxin Poisoning
Mycotoxin poisoning has the characteristics of chronic poisoning! The mycotoxin that can directly cause skin bleeding is mainly stachybotryotoxin. Bleeding spots appear on hairless or sparsely haired areas of the skin. Another common type of skin bleeding in clinical practice occurs inbreeding pigs, especially in multiparous sows and older boars, where numerous bleeding spots appear along the dorsal midline on the neck and back, and over time become densely packed needle-head-sized black dots, yet the affected pigs have normal appetite and body temperature. People often mistake this for eperythrozoonosis, so careful differentiation is required.
Preventive and control measures for mycotoxins: ensure feed quality, use mycotoxin adsorbents reasonably, and repair the damaged immune system.
II. Allergic Reactions
Allergens stimulate the skin to develop dermatitis and eczema, causing inflammatory reactions in the surface tissues of the skin. When inflammation reaches the deep skin tissues, it mostly occurs at the base of the ears, lower abdomen, back, and inner limbs, where the skin becomes red, swollen, and inflamed, followed by flat red papules ranging from the size of a grain of rice to a pea.
Preventive and control measures for allergic reactions: vitamins must not be deficient, as vitamin deficiency easily causes allergies. When allergies occur, dexamethasone injection is generally used.
III. Swine Eperythrozoonosis
Pigs of all breeds, sexes, and ages are susceptible, but it is more common in piglets and sows. Chronically affected pigs show emaciation and pallor, and some develop urticarial or maculopapular allergic reactions, with bleeding spots generally visible under the abdominal skin.
Prevention and Treatment：
1. Diminazene diaceturate for injection, 3-5 mg/kg body weight, intramuscular injection. For severely affected pig herds, in addition to diminazene diaceturate injection, long-acting oxytetracycline should also be injected intramuscularly. For herds with severe anemia, supplementing with iron supplement complexes, VB12, VC, etc., shows obvious efficacy.
2. Prevention: During the epidemic season of the disease, adding oxytetracycline, etc., to the feed can effectively prevent the occurrence of this disease.
IV. Classical Swine Fever
Acute classical swine fever mainly presents as septicemic changes, and one of the diagnostically valuable changes is the presence of bleeding spots in the skin or subcutis. Red punctate bleeding spots or red patches that do not fade under finger pressure appear on the underbelly, inner limbs, and buttocks of pigs.
Classical swine feverprevention and treatment: There is no specific drug for viral diseasestreatment; prevention mainly relies on vaccination. Strictly implement the immunization program, conduct antibody testing at appropriate times, and any pig with unqualified antibody monitoring results must be revaccinated promptly.
V. Pseudorabies
Punctate bleeding can be seen in subcutaneous capillaries at multiple sites including the ears and lower abdominal wall.
Pseudorabiesprevention and treatment: There is no specific drug for viral diseasestreatment; prevention mainly relies on vaccination. Strictly implement the immunization program, conduct antibody testing at appropriate times, and any pig with unqualified antibody monitoring results must be revaccinated promptly. This disease often occurs concurrently with or secondary to bacterial infections such as infectious pleuropneumonia, Pasteurella multocida, Haemophilus parasuis, and Streptococcus, so effective antibiotics need to be used to control concurrent or secondary infections.
VI. Swine Streptococcosis
In the acute septicemic form, affected pigs show a certain number of bleeding spots on the skin of the ears, chest, lower abdomen, and inner limbs, with extensive subcutaneous hemorrhage.
Depression, ataxia, lethargy, extensive systemic skin hemorrhage, and the flushed lower abdominal skin appears purplish-red with bleeding spots.
Treatmentmeasures: When selecting the most effective antibacterial drugs against swine Streptococcus infection, the following aspects must be considered: bacterial sensitivity, type of infection, and route of administration. Among these, swine Streptococcus has relatively high sensitivity to penicillin and amoxicillin. In addition, ampicillin, ceftiofur, tiamulin, and trimethoprim-sulfonamide combinations also have relatively obvious effects ontreatingswine streptococcosis.