Diagnosis and Treatment Plan for Moldy Feed Poisoning Complicated with Eperythrozoonosis in Pigs
Diagnosis and Treatment Plan for Moldy Feed Poisoning Complicated with Eperythrozoonosis in Pigs
Liu has many years of breeding experience and generally mixes feed himself. He currently raises 30 pigs, including 1 pregnant sow, 1 finishing pig (about 100 kg), and 28 piglets purchased from the market 1 month ago. A few days after these piglets arrived home, they showed symptoms of diarrhea; at that time 1 died, and medication later brought the condition under control. Then they were vaccinated againstswinefever, swine erysipelas, and swine pasteurellosis. But within a few days, this batch of piglets fell ill one after another, showing diarrhea symptoms. Liu purchased medicines himself and gave intramuscular injections of "Haida" injection, dexamethasone, caffeine sodium benzoate, and mequindox, and provided norfloxacin in drinking water. After medication there was some effect, but the condition still could not be controlled, and 2 piglets had already died. The sow and finishing pig were basically normal.
2 Clinical Symptoms
The sick pigs were depressed, had reduced or even absent appetite, passed black watery feces, had elevated body temperature and rapid breathing; some lay down and could not rise, and the visible mucous membranes were flushed and icteric. The skin on the ears, inner sides of the limbs, and abdomen was slightly purplish and faded under finger pressure; there was abdominal pain; some had pale skin, and some had slightly red skin, rough and messy hair, cyanotic ears with edges curled upward, emaciation, and stunted growth.
3 Pathological Changes
According to what pig e-net users learned, 2 dead pigs were necropsied, and the main pathological changes were: subcutaneous hemorrhagic spots, and yellow staining of subcutaneous fat. Oral mucosa hemorrhage, dehydration, hemorrhage and yellow staining of the laryngeal epiglottic cartilage, mucus in the trachea, tracheal hemorrhage, a small amount of yellow fluid in the thoracic cavity, a small amount of yellow fluid in the pericardial sac, hemorrhagic spots on the heart surface, congestion, edema, and necrotic foci in the lungs. The spleen was enlarged and softened, with many small infarcts at the edges. The liver had many white necrotic foci of varying sizes; the liver was relatively hard and brittle in texture. The gallbladder was atrophied, with little bile and pale color; the gallbladder mucosa was hemorrhagic, and the inner wall was edematous. The mucosa at the gastric fundus showed severe congestion, hemorrhage, many ulcers and necrotic spots, and the mucosa sloughed easily; duodenal hemorrhage, cecal mucosa hemorrhage and edema, rectal mucosa hemorrhage and edema, and congestion of the mesenteric lymph nodes. The kidneys had hemorrhagic spots on the surface, appeared edematous, and the cut surface bulged outward; the bladder mucosa showed slight hemorrhage, and the urine was yellow, viscous, and oily. The blood was thin, relatively pale, and had poor coagulation.
4 Diagnosis
4.1 Laboratory Diagnosis
4.1.1 Place mucus from the pig trachea on a glass slide, add 1 drop of 20% potassium hydroxide solution, cover with a coverslip, and examine under a microscope; multiple radiating hyphae and large numbers of mold spores can be seen.
4.1.2 Collect blood from sick pigs and blood from dead pigs.
4.1.2.1 Smear staining: blood smear, Wright's stain; microscopic examination shows red blood cells are light pink, with spherical, ring-shaped, and other light purplish-red granules inside the red blood cells.
4.1.2.2 Direct microscopic examination: dilute the blood with 2 times the amount of normal saline, place 1 drop on a glass slide, and cover with a coverslip. Observe under a microscope; red blood cells can be seen in serrated, cauliflower-like, star-shaped, and other forms, spherical and dot-like pathogens can be seen in the plasma and inside red blood cells, and a cluster of bead-like bright spot pathogens can be seen inside red blood cells.