What are the common pest and disease control methods for orchids?
In orchid cultivation and care, one of the key tasks is the prevention and control of pests and diseases. Let us first look at the common pests and diseases in orchid cultivation: they are anthracnose, leaf blight, southern blight, scale insects and red spider mites. Below we will introduce the control methods for these common pests and diseases.
Anthracnose control methods: 1) Promptly cut off diseased leaves and burn the diseased plant debris. 2) Improve the watering method, that is, slowly pour water in from the edge of the flower pot. 3) After new leaves emerge in winter, spray Bordeaux mixture 1-2 times; in the early stage of the disease, spray 50% carbendazim 500—600 times dilution, and at the same time strengthen ventilation and light transmission, avoiding spraying water on the leaf surface.
Leaf blight control methods: 1) Remove diseased leaves and diseased debris and burn them in a centralized manner. 2) Pay attention to ventilation and light transmission, prevent excessive watering, and avoid directly spraying or watering the plant. 3) Spray with 50% thiophanate-methyl 600—800 times dilution. Spray about once every 10 days, 3—4 times in succession.
Southern blight control methods: 1) Promptly remove diseased leaves, diseased plants and diseased planting holes, and sprinkle mixed lime for disinfection; before planting in a fixed position, drench the potting soil with 30% Tumiaoxiao water agent 1000 times dilution. 2) In the early stage of the disease, spray the leaf surface and irrigate the roots with 1:500 chlorothalonil.
Scale insect control methods: 1) When only a small number occur, they can be brushed off with a soft brush and then rinsed clean with water. 2) When there are many, spray 40% Supusha emulsifiable concentrate 1000 times dilution during the peak hatching period. When spraying, both the front and back of the leaves must be covered; spray 3—4 times in succession with an interval of 5—7 days each time, and they will basically be eliminated.
Red spider mite control methods: 1) If the number is small, they can be brushed off with a bristle brush or a small brush. 2) If there are many, use 40% dicofol 1000 times dilution to kill them. 3) A folk method is to light a mosquito coil and place it in the pot of the diseased plant, then cover the pot together with a plastic bag; after 1 hour of fumigation, both eggs and adults are killed, and the plant is not affected.