Broccoli Cultivation Methods and Greenhouse Growing Techniques Explained

How to grow broccoli? Broccoli, also known as green cauliflower, is a 1-2 year herbaceous plant, known as the "crown of vegetables," and is one of the common vegetables on our dining tables. As loyal fans of broccoli, let's briefly talk about greenhouse cultivation techniques for broccoli, hoping it will be helpful to everyone.

I. Sowing and Seedling Raising

1. Variety Selection

Varieties with strong plant growth vigor, dark green leaves, abundant wax, tight heads, small buds, and large heads, such as Dongfang Lubao, Yuguan, Lilu, and Fanglu, which belong to early-maturing varieties, and Luling, Luxiu, Dongfang Luying, and so on;

To improve broccoli cultivation efficiency, attention should be paid to matching early, mid, and late-maturing varieties.

2. Preparing the Seedbed

Choose sandy loam soil with high terrain, fertile soil, convenient drainage, and where the previous crop was not cabbage, Chinese cabbage, or similar vegetables.

3. Fertilizing Before Sowing

Before sowing, apply 15-20kg of decomposed compost per 1 sq m;

Dig furrows with a net bed surface of 1.5 m, furrow width 40 cm, and level the bed surface.

4. Sowing Time

Sow from late July to early August.

5. Sowing Management

Before sowing, water thoroughly to prevent underground pests;

When sowing, mix 20 grams of 25% carbendazim with 1.5-2kg of fine soil per 1 sq m;

After sowing and covering with soil, set up a shed and cover with a shade net.

II. Field Management

1. Preparation Before Planting

Field Selection Requirements

Fields of sandy loam or sandy soil with high, well-drained terrain and fertile soil.

Applying Base Fertilizer Before Transplanting

Apply 2000kg of decomposed organic fertilizer, 40-45kg of high-concentration compound fertilizer, and 1-1.5 kg of borax per mu as base fertilizer.

Underground Pest Control

Broadcast 90% crystalline trichlorfon across the entire field per mu to control underground pests.

Digging Trenches and Making Beds

Trench requirements: bed width 1.6 m, trench width 30-40 cm.

2. Reasonable Close Planting

Planting Density

Transplant in a 60cm x 40cm arrangement, planting 2700-3000 plants per mu.

Management After Planting

After transplanting, water thoroughly, water once every 7-10 days, and cover the soil in time to preserve moisture.

3. Cultivation and Fertilization

In addition to sufficient base fertilizer, the field also requires three top dressings, as follows:

First top dressing: apply seedling-promoting fertilizer 5-7 days after planting, applying 10kg of urea per mu.

Second top dressing: when the plants have 12-13 leaves, apply leaf-cluster fertilizer, with 15kg of urea per mu.

Third top dressing: at the budding stage, apply 25kg of high-concentration compound fertilizer and 10kg of urea per mu.

4. Disease and Pest Control

To control broccoli black root disease, use 25% carbendazim or 70% thiophanate-methyl for root drenching when the disease occurs.

The main pest is the cabbage caterpillar; use a 500-fold dilution of 160 million unit Ruixing wettable powder per mu to control first and second instar larvae.

For beet armyworm and tobacco cutworm, choose high-efficiency, low-toxicity pesticides such as Chujin and Meiman.

5. Timely Pruning

Before and after budding, promptly remove side branches below the main stem; immediately apply fertilizer after harvesting the main head, and then harvest the side heads.